Historical Bank Runs Database

Documenting 16,539 bank distress episodes across the United States (1812–1963)

Version 0.10.0 · 2026-02-11

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AK Alaska 26 AL Alabama 174 AR Arkansas 283 AZ Arizona 81 CA California 302 CO Colorado 218 CT Connecticut 222 DC District of Columbia 136 DE Delaware 37 FL Florida 277 GA Georgia 334 HI Hawaii 6 IA Iowa 653 ID Idaho 116 IL Illinois 956 IN Indiana 741 KS Kansas 592 KY Kentucky 256 LA Louisiana 197 MA Massachusetts 326 MD Maryland 208 ME Maine 173 MI Michigan 465 MN Minnesota 399 MO Missouri 724 MS Mississippi 217 MT Montana 342 NC North Carolina 343 ND North Dakota 532 NE Nebraska 906 NH New Hampshire 101 NJ New Jersey 353 NM New Mexico 102 NV Nevada 70 NY New York 1,315 OH Ohio 535 OK Oklahoma 355 OR Oregon 130 PA Pennsylvania 777 RI Rhode Island 154 SC South Carolina 299 SD South Dakota 244 TN Tennessee 345 TX Texas 241 UT Utah 63 VA Virginia 296 VT Vermont 96 WA Washington 268 WI Wisconsin 381 WV West Virginia 112 WY Wyoming 60

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1812 1 1813 1 1814 13 1815 2 1816 2 1817 1 1818 1 1819 21 1820 2 1821 5 1822 2 1823 2 1825 4 1826 7 1828 4 1829 3 1831 1 1832 3 1833 2 1834 13 1835 1 1836 4 1837 82 1838 34 1839 76 1840 20 1841 59 1842 78 1843 21 1844 23 1845 23 1846 12 1847 13 1848 24 1849 17 1850 10 1851 21 1852 19 1853 16 1854 101 1855 40 1856 26 1857 435 1858 43 1859 29 1860 93 1861 74 1862 32 1863 6 1864 19 1865 35 1866 31 1867 48 1868 26 1869 36 1870 20 1871 47 1872 36 1873 316 1874 35 1875 89 1876 67 1877 167 1878 157 1879 88 1880 35 1881 35 1882 49 1883 53 1884 177 1885 41 1886 53 1887 46 1888 48 1889 46 1890 92 1891 150 1892 105 1893 787 1894 141 1895 223 1896 276 1897 237 1898 134 1899 111 1900 92 1901 108 1902 78 1903 153 1904 140 1905 185 1906 123 1907 356 1908 149 1909 105 1910 114 1911 138 1912 99 1913 155 1914 165 1915 109 1916 74 1917 63 1918 45 1919 69 1920 126 1921 251 1922 214 1923 195 1924 218 1925 310 1926 466 1927 435 1928 354 1929 436 1930 1,027 1931 1,309 1932 824 1933 1,573 1934 363 1935 17 1936 18 1937 16 1938 4 1939 8 1940 5 1941 14 1942 7 1943 7 1944 4 1945 2 1946 1 1947 1 1948 1 1949 2 1950 1 1954 2 1955 1 1956 1 1960 2 1961 1 1963 1

About This Database

This is the main dataset behind the paper "Bank Runs With and Without Bank Failure" (arXiv), by Sergio Correia, Stephan Luck, and Emil Verner.

The database documents historical bank distress episodes in the United States, including bank runs, suspensions, closures, and reopenings. Each episode is linked to contemporary newspaper articles that provide primary source documentation.

Use the search box above to find specific banks by name or charter number, or browse by state or year using the links above.

Acknowledgements →

Data Versioning

Dataset version: 0.10.0 (2026-02-11)

This dataset is currently a work in progress, and will continue to receive major revisions until the stable public version is completed. Thus, please do not use this version for research purposes, only to improve the quality of the data.

If you find any issues, particularly once the dataset reaches version 1.0, please flag them in the respective pages and/or send them our way to sergio.correia@gmail.com.

Everyone makes transcription mistakes and typos—everyone: the clerks in the Comptroller's office who recorded the data, the typesetters who prepared the Comptroller annual reports, the clerks who sent plate orders to the printers, the siderographers who laid-in the bank information on the printing plates, and the compilers of these spreadsheets. Serious strides have been and continue to be made to clean up such problems.

— Peter W. Huntoon, geologist and numismatist

The opinions expressed in this website and its accompanying papers do not necessarily reflect those of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.