Holston Trust Company (Knoxville, TN)

Episode Information

Episode UID
87074871571
Episode Type
Run โ†’ Suspension โ†’ Closure
Bank Type
state
Bank ID
8707487 routing
Routing Number
87-0748
Start Date
November 13, 1930
Location
Knoxville, Tennessee (35.961, -83.921)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
2133fd69af2374e5

Response Measures

None

Description

Trust company collapsed as an affiliate of Holston Union National after heavy withdrawals and was placed in receivership.

Events (3)

1. November 13, 1930 Run
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Large, concentrated withdrawals depleted reserves of the affiliated Holston Union National Bank and affected the trust company; linked to bank insolvency and loss of confidence.
Measures
Knoxville Clearing House invoked 30-day notice for time deposits; committee to negotiate reorganization/transfer of assets.
Newspaper Excerpt
Comptroller Takes Over Holston Union After Heavy Withdrawals.
Source
newspapers
2. January 3, 1931 Receivership
Newspaper Excerpt
Plans for the liquidation... following his appointment receiver of company by Chancellor Robert M. Jones application of the state of Tennessee.
Source
newspapers
3. January 3, 1931 Suspension
Cause
Government Action
Cause Details
Chancellor appointed a receiver following state suit alleging insolvency and disputed state deposits; trust company placed in receivership.
Newspaper Excerpt
Plans for the liquidation of the Holston Trust being made today by Frank L. West, clerk and master chancery court, following his appointment receiver of company by Chancellor Robert M. Jones
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (20)

Article from The Commercial Appeal, November 13, 1930

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dent of that institution since the He is president of the Fourth and First Banks, Inc. KNOXVILLE BANK CLOSED Comptroller Takes Over Holston Union After Heavy Withdrawals. representative of the comptroller of ville this to take charge of the closed Holston Union National Bank. He has been appoint. ed Mr. Pearson said he had no idea how long take to the status of the which suspended business by order the board of directors Tuesday night. The receiver came from Macon. Ga. rectors of the bank said the was forced to close reason of with the past few days" but none of the bank's officials or directors would say by whom withdrawals were made the amount, nor as. sign any reason "heavy withBasil Ramsey president of the bank. said $750 000 were withdrawn from the Holston Union on Monday. He added that was his belief the bank have continued if withdrawals had not depleted its Edward McMillan chairman on reorganization of the Holston Union. said today had nothing to mittee's Closing of the Holston Union had its effects on other banks of the city today Crowds gathered in each of numerous withdrawals were made. No Occasion for Alarm. The Knoxville Clearing House Association in statement early this afternoon announced that its members had availed themselves of the 30-day notice required for withdrawal time deposits and savings The association said in a statement that "feels there is no 00casion for alarm on the part of the depositing public. Constant and heavy from all the Knoxville banks would in all probability be very damaging to all of the banks of the city and to all depositors In the bank's last published on October liabilities and assets were $16,300,359.59 each. Under liabilities, demand deposits were given as $6,121,869 and time deposits at $5,795. $5. Capital was given as $750,000: surplus $750,000. and undivided profits $141,847.97 Among liabilities were bills payable and rediscounts "The board," the statement said. "has likewise appointed a committee to negotiate with certain interested parties with view either to the reorganization of this bank or organization of another banking association. into which will RO the assets of this bank, with the object of protecting its depositors. The Holston Trust Company, dealing in owned by the Holston Union National Bank also is closed. J. B. Ramsey. formerly of Kentucky. is president of the oank Directors in their statement said cash reserves were depreted to the point where the bank could not continue without "assistance from outside sources."


Article from Evening Star, December 19, 1930

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HEARING SET JAN. 3 ON HIGHWAY FUND Claim of State of Tennessee for $252,000 From Trust Company to Be Tried. By the Associated Press. KNOXVILLE, Tenn., December 19.Taking of testimony as to the alleged insolvency of the Holston Trust Co. and the validity of the State's claim to an alleged $252,000 highway fund deposited with the company is scheduled in Chancery Court January. 3. After hearing arguments of attorneys Chancellor Robert M. Jones reserved judgment on the State's application for appointment of a receiver until proof is submitted. Jones said it must be determined whether or not the trust company actually received $252,000 State highway funds for deposit, as claimed by the State: whether it was regular, if received, and whether or not the company received any benefits, if an entry of deposit was recorded on its books. Injunctions which temporarily restrained sureties on $600,000 bonds from disposing of their property were dissolved. The State charged that the bonds were given to secure State deposits in the institution. The defendants denied executing and delivering the bonds to the State. A similar injunction against the Holston Trust Co. was modified to permit it to continue its business in the ordinary way.


Article from The Knoxville News-Sentinel, December 27, 1930

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MORE ABOUT Highway Funds STARTS ON PAGE ONE Holston Trust Co., against which receivership proceedings pending, but which has denied liability has $252,509.26 of state bridge money. These four items alone make up more than twice as much highway money as all the other banks in the state had Nov. 30. Project Account Inflated Investigation of one of the project accounts held by the defunct Bank of Tennessee for Project 49-C. bridge approach in Cheatham that the highway commissioner deposited at least 140,000 more to the project's account than was needed to pay the contract. Contract for Projects 552-A and 49-C. in Cheatham County, were in August to John Oman Jr. $132,312.20. Yet Sept. 11 Highway Commissioner Baker or. dered deposited in Caldwell's Bank of Tennessee to the credit of the project. Then on Oct. fortnight before the Caldwell ordered an. other placed in the bank to the project's account. This made more on deposit in the Caldwell bank to the credit of Project than the contract for both 49-C and 552-A totalled. State law makes it illegal for the Highway Department to put more the estimated cost of project in project account. Chapter 74 of the Acts of 1917, as amended at the extra session, provide: "That upon written notice from the secretary of the department (the Highway shall be the duty of the Comp troller and Tresaurer to place in some depository amount specified by the secretary of department NOT TO EXCEED THE TOTAL COST OF THE PROJECT. "Unlawful" Transfer Made The third revelation of highway came out in the answer of Holston Trust Co. to the state's receivership proceedings against The state asked a receiver for the firm on grounds of insolvency and failure to pay $252,000 state highway deposit. The company answered that It not liable for the sum, charging that the highway commissioner had illegally and irregularly transferred it to them. The answer sets out that Highway Commissioner transferred $750,000 from an account in the Fourth and First National Bank of Nashville to National Bank of of which was to be deposited in Holston Trust Co. Then the answer says: Respondent that Commissioner Highways Public Works authority transfer public funds banking institution control and disposition follows funds being. substantially, vised: Upon project being thorized


Article from The Atlanta Constitution, January 4, 1931

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RECEIVER APPOINTED FOR HOLSTON KNOXVILLE Tenn., Jan. 3.-(P) Plans for the liquidation of the Holston Trust being made today by Frank L. West, clerk and master chancery court, following his appointment receiver of company by Chancellor Robert M. Jones application of the state of Tennessee. The state, claiming the company to insolvent, filed to collect $252,000 state highway funds which alleged on deposit in the Holston Trust was denied by the Trust Company. claimed that the state funds illegally deposited and the or consent the board directors. am the opinion from the evidence, Jones "that legal sense the company the drafts, for There question but that realized the the state and tried reach satisfactory reement with the The presented on bill and affidavits. issuance for $115,000 $135,000 favor of the Holston Trust Company and transferring that from the Fourth and First Bank Trust He


Article from Chattanooga Daily Times, February 23, 1931

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merely passing through Tennessee haulloads freight on our highways, and that in other instances the safe and proper use of the roads our citizens being interfered with by the operation of vehicles long, too and moving at dangerous speed. There no doubt in my mind that we should take effective steps to protect and our highways from this sort of operation. were struck with the admitted fact that motor trucks for hire busses are now paying little or nothing the way of taxes the counties and cities through which they operate. of the cities in which hearings were held, called our attention to the fact that their streets were damaged costs by these vehicles from which they received no "Two strongly differing views were presented on the question of increased taxation for motor The truck and bus lines insisted that any additional would force out of business: the railroads that the motor lines were here to stay, but should pay additional taxes for the use of the public roads. It appeared. also, that present taxes freight trucks for much lighter than on passenger busses job the gather and consider the facts and to work out some system of taxation and regulation of these vehicles will equitable the peothat burden the the private motorists of the state by forcing them to pay more than they should for the extra wide and extra strong roads necessary carry extra large and extra heavy vehicles. and that protect the people's roads and the roads they own from abuse by operations Our task not easy. but know none greater importance before this legWe urge to favor us with information suggestion.' PROSECUTOR AT CAPITAL DRAFTING INDICTMENTS NASHVILLE Feb. 22 (P).-Opening the sixth week of probing by islative committee investigating state affairs found the investigators prepared drive hard down the various lanes information in the belief that it will result in indictments against some state officials and financiers. particular charge aimed at the state officials tion with the switching state tunds from bank to bank that resulted in more than $6,000,000 now being unavailable because of the failure four the banks. Violation of state banklaws the charge directed financiers actually who influenced the of the money Testimony during week to be an effort bolster these charges. Already the district torney has started work on the draft indicuments, but the information may withheld grand the committee gets farther along with Over week-end the committee virtually abandoned its plans transits inquiry Knoxville, where funds were involved the failure of the HolNational bank and the ston Trust company. The committeemen had their previous Asheville, to inquire into the late Central Bank and Trust company that has been charged before committee manipulations with the broken Liberty Bank and Trust company, of Nashville, and New York the ords Lehman who the two Tennessee bond issues $50,000,000. Final decision on the New York trip, however, has not been reached. Some members of the committee expressed the opinion that they can oball the needed information and vigorous steps that end during the next before must write preliminary report for the legislature. This preliminary report will be prepared the view furnishing the crux of the investigation on which the grand jury and the legislature may make their cases. During the first part of the week the highway department to OCcupy the center stage with its commisR. Baker, the leading actor. The commissioner, tall appointee of Gov. Henry H. Horton, opened his testimony but


Article from Hickory Daily Record, March 5, 1931

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Tenn. Banking Probe Renewed KNOXVILLE Tenn., March Confronted the fusal of the federal receiver permit them investigate the National bank, the state affairs legislative investigating committee today turned examination of Holston Trust company, which state funds were caught joint failure of the two affiliated instiThe hearing started the court house with the full committee present and Curtis Allen, assistant trust officer of the trust company. the first wit-


Article from Fort Lauderdale News, March 5, 1931

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STATE MONEY LOST Tenn., Mar. behind them the political roar of Nashville, the affairs moved on Knoxville today to tempt to learn how was lost in the of the Holston Union Bank and the Holston Trust company.


Article from The World-News, March 5, 1931

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Postal Receipts Show A Decline By Ralph Knoxville March fronted the refusal of the Federal permit them to investigate Holston Bank, State legislative investigating turned tion of State caught joint failure of the affiliated The hearing started in the courtpresent Curtis ficer of the trust company. the first The came the State on 30. 1930 Holston the highway public funds the Fourth and First the Reports To Altrusa of the Holston Trust Company. On telegram Club On Meeting signed the Fourth In North Carolina the We credit your Miss Sadie Harrison. president, and account deposited Moomaw, who represented of which Roanoke Club the dis- 000 be deposited Holston Trust the Altrusa Altrusa meeting held recently reports August he the month- chased $75,000 Securities session the The that formal closed ComAltrusa effected that the Lea-Caldwell meeting embracing asked Virginia, North South Carolina, West directed that purchase Virginia Miss Stickley Roelected second governor the district Basil president the HolThe principal of the meet- houses items showing Henry director public the highway August Hazel 000 note Journal The Sentinel Publishing Comthe district will pany Huntington, W. Va., in October, the announced. the Ramsey said obligation handling Colonel Luke would only there Allen said accounted for Postal receipts of the Roanoke post the fund per that in comparison closed Holston Union Bank. by Frank Stresses Need Of totaled compared JanuPhysical Education and February. 1930. West said For School revenue local first noted September and had that time. drop February Stressing the need for physical greater in any previous child in Miss Postal receipts include all classes National Athletic stamps stamped spoke afternoon the matter and the ing Roanoke Council mail that sent without stamps the such rate school administration building. the latter is fixed by weight Cowen, city directors recreation, was speaker the meet-


Article from Asheville Citizen-Times, March 6, 1931

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CENTRAL BONDS PURCHASED BY DEFUNCT BANK Tenn. Highway Funds Used, Committee Is Informed UNCLE SAM HALTS HUNT FOR $2,000,000 Dealings Of Caldwell Held Responsible For Failure KNOXVILLE Tenn. March forbidding Uncle Sam raised today the face of the legislators startover the the HolstonBank hunt for than money that its the investigators protested. of Federal statutes was opened calmly and laid before them apology the part of the receiver his legal ability to open his records for public the will agent the closed bank full tomorrow The read this afternoon to subcommittee out learn Acre not possible obtain to the on the state Bank Friendly Under receiver to Federal injunction protect his but drastic measure was not believed necessary The bank representatives made that felt friendly toward the committee but that the law forbade grant their request This decision that the com. mittee's the last night from Nashville will be only by of the Holston Trust Company, which went when its parent, the Holston Union National collapsed. Although the National bank owned stock trust company. operated charter and was subject to legislative examina- Central Trust Bonds Bought The committee Curtis A1assistant trust officer to the Holston Trust Company, the first witness and spun his of the tie prodding committee said the ruin Holston Trust Company was due directly its dealings Caldwell and Company and to the fact that Basil Ramsey president of the Holston houses. was more terested in politics than banking He told length of the receipt of Please Turn To Page Four)


Article from The Times, March 6, 1931

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BANK RECORDS CAN'T BE SEEN Tennessee Legislators Barred From Investigation in $2,000,000 Shortage Knoxville, Tenn., March 5 (P).The forbidding palm of Uncle Sam was raised Thursday in the face of the investigating legislators as they started over the threshold of the Holston Union National bank on a hunt for the more than of state money that once was in its As the investigators protested a book of federal statutes was opened calmly and laid before them. with an apology on the part of the receiver of the national bank for his legal inability to open his records for the public scrutiny of the committee. Formal explanation will be made by an agent of the closed bank to the full committee Friday. The law was read Thursday afternoon to a sub-committee sent out as couriers to learn If it were not possible to obtain access to the records bearing on the state deposits. Under the law the bank receiver can resort to federal injunction to protect his records, but so drastic measure was not believed necessary. The bank representatives made it clear that they felt friendly toward the committee, but that the law forbade the grant of their request, and left the federal courts and the comptroller of currency in supreme charge of insolvent national banks This decision mean that the committee's trip over the mountains from Nashville will be rewarded only by examination of the Holston Trust "company, which went down when its parent, the Holston Union National bank, collapsed. Although the national bank owned the stock of the trust company, It operated under state charter and was subject to legislative examination.


Article from The Commercial Appeal, March 6, 1931

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Shrine Guest. Three days later another note Conley and Maxine and Bobby. was paid. also amounting to $50.000. month later the $75,000 was told. are regarded now as pracItem to the Central Com- tically pany. for obligations of the Central Q.-At whose direction was this Bank & Trust Company of Ashe- $75,000 of Tennessee money used ville, N. C., went through. The to purchase the securities in North curities purchased. the committee Carolina at the bank in which Lea and Caldwell had a finger? porters worried him so much, he By direction of Mr. Ramsey. "That wasn't all that worried loan and the Ramsey checks next him," said Senator Craig came in for committee scrutiny "Mr. Ramsey brought the note STENOGRAPHER RESIGNS. said the "and the $25,000 check was made payable to the The next morning was liscovered that this check had been placed to his personal account take care of two checks for $12,000 each that Henry Waldauer of Memphis, the issued. of these checks court senographer, who contracted had been held for around 10 days.' to record the entire proceeding of "Did the officers of the trust company this the hearing of the state legislative protest main?" asked the committee attor. investigating committee. announced ney here today that had "quit the "What do you mean by legards. committee main, Mr. "It wasn't any one thing that Speaker Haynes, "Don't you mean made me quit,' Mr. Waldauer said. "It was just that didn't like their "Call It Stealing." "Call It straight stealing." said the The witness continued the thread of his "The trust company efficers did he Mr. called me up to his desk. and said that as matter fact, was not his but that he was handling for Luke Lea. and that did It because Colonel name was criticised whenever it appeared in Knoxville Q.-Did he mean that the na. tional bank examiners had criticlased the handling Colonel Lea's that. The $25,000 Knoxville Journal note which the was obtained from state deposit re. mained in the trust company until substitute note was sent back The aubstitute was Tennessee Publishing Company note for like amount, signed by Luke vice president, and E. P. Charlet, secretary it come through the United States mails? am not sure. Mr. Ramsey sent It back by secretary with instruction that It was to take the place of the Knoxville Journal was the Knexville Journal taken was about two weeks before the closure became of the Tennes. are Publishing Company note? A. -It is still here. Yesterday, the witness said, payment $2,500 was made on this note to the receivers. making a total of $7,500 that been paid on it by the Tennessee Publishing Company Q.-Has Col. Lea, or his son. or Mr. Charlet been in here recently A.-Not that know of. Back came the United States mail angle of the story. on which the committee attorneys are putall these payments received in the U. N. mail? The trust company invested $30. 000 of the highway money bonds of the Knoxville Sentinel Company, the witness said. The the loan on the newspaper notes, the $75,000 for North Care. lina securities and the 000 pay its own notes for $230,000 of the $250,000 highway deposit. Q.What became of the re. maining $20,0007 A.-It is still here. "You mean it was there," snorted Chairman Faulkner. The came in exactly 10 days after Mr. Ramsey had walk ed into directors' meeting and suggested that the previous resolution to accept no deposits be scinded. The state banking partment never acted upon this move to receive deposits, but the state money taken anyway At one the trust had $5,000 note on its hands signed by Colonel Lea. but this was paid off. the witness said Who arranged that loan? A Ramsey. The colonel also, through Mr Ramsey. had the trust company take trade of the Belle Meade Land Company one of his Nashville corporations. For handling of this paper, $500 fee was paid. although the check for It was not brought out of Mr Ramsey's private desk until trust officials questioned the handling of the item. It was this item that led to the of the trust company officials, Made Him Resign. "Mr. Ramsey was no dissatisfied with the of anyone attempting to thwart his plans that he make it NO embarrassing for Mr. Slaughter. he left,'t said Mr. Blaughter's former If Mr. Slaughter decides to swer the committee's long distance subpoena to his home in Mobile, he will be here tomorrow as voluntary witness against Mr. Ramsey The details of the transactions with Caldwell & Company, credited with putting the trust out of business, were revealed in question begun by Speaker Haynea had many deals with Caldwell & Company after Caldwell and Lea bought into the Holston banks? A.-We bought quite few stocks through Caldwell & Company Q-Name some of them. A.Tennessee Products, Southern Surety, Memphis Commercial Appeal bonds, Memphis Natural Gas, Alli- and gator Raincoat Corporation Kentucky Rock Asphalt. Q-The truth that your concorn and Caldwell Company were Interwoven? -Practically all our capital was tied up by stocks and bonds purchased through Caldwell. unloaded on you? A -That is your dealings with Cald. well & Company really broke your trust company? A.-There is no question about it in my mind. Q.-1s It your opinion that the $250,000 deposit was largely the result of the close association of the Holston banks with Caldwell Company A.-My manipulated opinion is that by the deposit was Caldwell Company for the purpose of getting additional money to be used in making the Holston Trust Company buy additional stocks. Caldwell Q-In other words. state read money was diverted to buy Caldwell stocks? we had no for the deposit. need "It was in the atmosphere Cald at that the Knexville well relation to the Holston banks was a poisonous influence, wasn't it, Mr Allen?" asked Senator Craig so. Midnight think rides by Basil Ramsey between Knoxville and Nashville but the questioning. witness came up had litle information about them. Q-Did you know that Ramsey took midnight ride to Nashville just before bank came to Knoxville, got some securities, and then after the examiners left. shuttied them back to Nashville so they of for the Bank ready would Tennessee be know he went to made night trips, but don't know anything about the shifting of se. curities before the coming ch.bank examiners. said the in Florida now, "the newspaper way doing Mr. Waldauer and his assistants withdrew at the close of the sension yesterday, it was learned, and the sommittee left for Knoxville appar ently without having arranged for the keeping of its record.


Article from The Knoxville News-Sentinel, March 6, 1931

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ACTION TAKEN ON BASIS OF ALLEN'S TESTIMONY ABOUT ACTS AS TRUST CO. CHIEF Clements Makes Impassioned Statement Which Chairman Faulkner Says Has 'Full Endorsement of Investigating Committee.' ACCUSES BANKER OF TRUST BREACH Willing To Swear Out Warrants; Move Is First In State for Actual Prosecution In Series of Disasters; Ramsey In Florida. Developments As State Probers End Sessions Here Ordered the arrest of Basil Ramsey, after hearing an impassioned speech from Senator Hal Clements. Obtained thru Bibb a session of Knox County Grand Jury this afternoon to investigate Ramsey's acts as Holston Trust president. Heard Harley Fowler, attorney for the receiver for National Bank, testify that the Comptroller of the Currency had ordered no examination of books or witnesses on bank. Told by Fowler that he would write again to Comptroller, and state the committee' view that the State has right to make such examination. Adjourned to meet again in Nashville Monday. Criminal prosecution of Basil Ramsey, former president of the National Bank and Holston Trust Co., now in Florida, ordered today by State Investigating Committee. After the order was made in endorsement of demand by Senator Hal Clements of Knoxville, and following conference with Bibb, the Knox County Criminal Court Grand Jury was convened specially this afternoon to investigate the acts of Ramsey as president of Holston Trust Co., state banking institution. Adjourn To Meet In Nashville The committee, after hearing report from Harley Fowler, attorney for the federal receiver of Holston-Union Bank that the Government would not allow investigation by the State of affairs of the adjourned to meet in Nashville Monday. Ramsey left here some time ago for Florida, where he is understood still to be visiting his brother, E. H. Ramsey, Jacksonville. Before he left he said he would return to Knoxville at time on 24 hours notice. any The first step toward actual prosecution in any Tennessee court of persons involved in the series of financial disasters that followed the collapse of Caldwell & Co. the day after last election came when the Investigating Committee convened in Chancery Court Room this morning. Clements, sitting with the committee, was called upon by Chairman Walter Faulkner to make a statement which has the full endorsement of this committee." After a brief statement, charging that the committee's hearing yesterday had indicated Ramsey guilty of larceny, embezzlement, fraudulent breach of trust and violation of state banking laws in handling of state deposit in the Holston Trust Co., Clements announced that the committee had instructed its attorneys to draw criminal warrants against the former bank president. no one else will bare their breast, am going to sign Clements said. Bibb Calls Jury Back Clements conferred with Bibb immediately after the session, and Bibb ordered the Grand Jury to return this afternoon. Meantime, he will hold conference with Clements and attorneys for the State Investigating Committee, Joe Williams and Robert McReynolds. If the Grand Jury acts, it will not be necessary for Clements to swear out the warrant. Judge Stooksbury of Criminal Court is out of town and will not be back before Monday. Clements' Statement Clements made the following statement on convening of the committee: now with the entire consent and approval of the probe committee of the legislature. They thought perhaps that might help solving the terrible condition that find ourselves in. has been four months since the HolstonUnion National Bank and the trust closed their company doors in the 45,000 distressed citizens. During that Interim this probe has been at work. have written scores of letters to urge Federprosecution. don't know whether the Federal courts waiting for Christmas, let Santa Claus bring the indictments not, but are to have action thru this thru the testimony of fine young witness, struck pay dirt. According to this witness,


Article from The Daily Review, March 6, 1931

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TO THE TENNESSEE A New Turn Taken In Money Affairs of the Volunteer Knoxville, Tenn., March forbidding palm of Uncle Sam was raised the face of the investigating legislators they started the threshold of the Bank hunt for more than $2,000,000 State money that once was in its vaults. As the investigators protested, book of Federal statutes opencalmly and laid before them with an apology on the part of the receiver of the bank for his legal inability to open his records for the public scrutiny the committee. Under the the bank receiver can resort to Federal injunction protect his records, but so drastic measure believed necessary. The bank representatives made clear that they felt friendtoward the committee, but the law forbade the grant of their request. This decision meant that the committee's trip over the mountains last night from Nashville will rewarded only by the examination of the Holston Trust Company which went down when its parent the Holston Union National Bank collapsed. Although the National Bank owned the stock of the trust company operates under State charter and was subject to legislative examination. The drew Curtis len, assistant trust officer of the Holston Trust Company as the first witness and he spun his story the operations little prodding from Unhesitatingly said the of the Holston Company due directly to its dealings with Caldwell Co., and to the fact that Basil Ramsey, president of the Holston banking houses more interested in politics than banking. He told length receipt deposit $250,000 of highway funds and charged that part of used off the debts of the pay trust company and to purchase $75,000 bonds the Central Securities Company, subsidiary of the sunken Central Bank and Trust Company, Asheville, The young witness related many of the bank in which figured Rogers Caldwell, lionaire, and Luke Lea, publisher and politician. Since the doors the national bank have been barred against them the committee planned to turn to Nashville at the end of the week. While Senator Hal Clements declared today that warrants for criminal action would be sworn against Ramsey, president the defunct Holston Union tional Bank, the grand jury vened this afternoon to consider evidence against the president. The warrants will charge embezzlement, larceny and fraudulent breach of trust. Mr. Clements bank which the State funds kept failed connection the enterprises this


Article from Richmond Times-Dispatch, March 6, 1931

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Closed Bank's RecordsDenied To Committee Tennessee Legislators Confronted by Federal Statute in Tracing Funds KNOXVILLE. TENN., March forbidding palm of Uncle Sam raised today in the face of the investigating legislators they started over the threshold of the National Bank on for more than $2,000,000 State money that once was in its vaults As the investigators protested, book of Federal statutes was opened calmly and laid before them with an apology on the part of the ceiver of the national bank for his inability his records the public scrutiny of the comFormal explanation will be made an agent of the closed the full tomorrow The was read this afternoon to out to learn were not obtain access to the bearing on the State deposits. Request Forbidden. Under the law the bank receiver can resort to Federal injunction protect his records, but so drastic measure was not believed necesrepresentatives made clear that they felt friendly toward the but that the law forbade grant their reThis decision meant that the comlast Nashville will warded examination of the Holston Trust Company. which down when the HolstonUnion National Bank. collapsed. though the national bank owned the stock the operated State and was subject to legislative examina- committee drew F. Curtis assistant officer of the Holston Company the first witness and he off his story the the institution with little prodding from committee Blames Caldwell. Unhesitatingly, he said the ruin of the Holston Trust Company was due directly to its dealings Caldwell Co. and fact that Basil of president the two Holston houses, was more interested in politics than banktold at length of the of receipt deposit highway funds and charged that part of was used off the debts the trust company and to purchase $75,000 of bonds the Central curities Company subsidiary of the sunken Central Company of


Article from The Indianapolis Times, March 7, 1931

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Calls for Prosecution H. CRUMP, recently elected to E. congress from the Memphis district, and commonly recognized as the Democratic boss of west Tennessee, has been exchanging verbal amenities with Governor Horton on the latter's unfitness in general, but with particular reference to the LeaCaldwell affair. Crump not only declares that some people should be in jail, but gives names and addresses. Meanwhile, a legislative committee has been digging up a lot of ugly evidence, the first result of which is the arrest of J. B. Ramsey, president of the now defunct Holston-Union National bank and Holston Trust Company of Knoxville. In Asheville, N. C., where all the banks were wiped out, they are calling for the indictment of every one concerned, and in Kentucky the stockholders of a big bank which went down in the crash are being sued for $60,000,000. Receiverships are becoming so numerous and interlocked that the lawyers hardly can keep track of them.


Article from News-Press, March 8, 1931

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ADDITIONAL INDICTMENTS Committee Probes Banking Frauds For Report To Legislature NASHVILLE, Tenn., Mar. were falling the tangled financial political situation Tennessee tonight while members of the state investigating committee prepared to formulate report for the general assembly of their seven weeks investigation. One week remains until the legislature's recess ends. necessity for the investigators report to ready for the opening assembly sessions made it improbable that further witnesses would be called prior to the initial summarization of testimony. Immediately after hearing before the committee in Knoxville Friday, Knox county Attorney General Fred Bibb drew five dictments against Basil Rampresident of the Holstonsey, Union National bank and subsidiary, Holston Trust company, both defunct. The charges were fraudulent breach of trust and larceny in each case. These will be formally issued Monday, Bibb said. Meanwhile federal grand jury today issued three secret indictments against men believed implicated allegedly criminal transactions in the Knoxville bank. Federal receivers took over the Holston-Union and its affairs investigated by department justice agents. The indictments were handed down Greenville, Tenn., near Attorney General Richard Atkinson, of Davidson county, has been evidence of irregularities in conduct of Caldwell Co. and Bank Tennessee, subsidiary and already has announced that this soon will be placed before grand jury here.


Article from The News and Observer, March 8, 1931

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INDICTMENTS BANKING Meanwhile, Tennessee Investigators Begin Drafting Summary of Findings Nashville, Tenn., March were falling into tangled situation tonight members the state investigating committee prepared formulate report for the assembly of their seven investigation. One week until the legislature's recess ends. The necessity for investigators' report to ready for opening assembly ses sions made improbable that furthwitnesses would called prior the initial summarization of testimony. Immediately after hearing fore the committee Knoxville Friday, Knox County Attorney GenFred Bibb drew five indictments against Basil Ramsey, the Bank and subsidiary, Holston Trust Company, both defunct. The charges fraudulent breach trust larceny each These formally issued day, Bibb said. Federal Indictment. Meanwhile, federal grand jury today issued three against believed implicated allegedly criminal Knoxville bank. Federal receivers took and affairs investigated partment agents. The dictments handed down Greenville, Tenn., Knoxville. Attorney General Richard Atkin of Davidson been of conduct of Caldwell and Co., and the Bank Tennessee, and has that placed before grand All the institutions involved associated with Caldwell and investment firm controlled by ers Caldwell, spoken among the South's leading financiers. State charges close friendship and financial asso ciation Caldwell organization and administrative officers Governor Henry Horton. Millions dollars state highway bridge money were placed Cald banks. Caldwell charged allying himself with Col. Luke Nashville publisher and strong administration supporter, financial deals. NAMES OF DEFENDANTS NOT REVEALED so Knoxville, Tenn., March -Secret against prominent the National Bank crash. returned by the federal grand (Please Turn to Page


Article from The Knoxville News-Sentinel, April 10, 1931

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FOUR SIGNERS OF TRUST BOND DENY LIABILITY Former Directors of Holston Trust Ask That Suit Against Them Be Dismissed. Four of the signers of the disputed "bond alleged to have been signed to state deposits the Holston Trust Co., today filed Chancery Court. denying liability and asking the suit be dismissed The four are Hazen, M. chell Long, member of the board of directors of the trust now in receivership. They deny That the Holston Trust was ever engaged in the general banking business. That became legal state depository That is indebted to the state for Deny Liabilities That the deposits of $250,000 of state funds was ever legally That they ever had any know. ledge that the attempted deposit funds with the trust until about the date that the Holston Union National bank While the respondents admit that instrument of 25. to be an of ficial of bond, was to the request they as "they made no in regard They while the board had to officials to apply for permit to conduct banking be operated on Western Avenue, that never The "paper instrument" they was plation of that time when the perbusiness and would deposits. Discover Other Respondents have only recently that various and transactions were had by the defendant trust from which substantial losses probably result which would have been violation law if the Holston Trust been operated as banking business under the laws of state of Tennessee, and which would not have been permitted by the state of Tennessee,' the answer reads. The further charge that the deposits illegally made were never authorized by the State Funding Board and that because of this state is topped from proceeding against


Article from Chattanooga Daily Times, May 10, 1931

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Both Sides Grooming for Fight To Get Control of Government NASHVILLE, May forces and their opponents, headed Congressman Edward H. Crump, of Memphis, are grooming for fight finish for control of the government. May the report of its commitlegislature reconvenes tee that four months probing affairs, with reconvening the be earnest. The investigation resulted from the tie-up nearly $7,000,000 of state funds in administrathat failed. Supporters Gov. Henry H. Horton, anticipating drive by the Memphis leader support his intention an effort impeach the executive, have been busy strengthening their lines for the political reports today that the next would come from the Monday, the election meets to appoint election for in the state. The named two ago Crump Col. Luke administration political leader, compromised their differences. reports indicated that the administration expected at least be named to the board, giving the administration It known that effort be made by the "antis" to pass legislation the senate speaker office governor house charges, the that the governor under pending trial. Tennessee not have Should the house prefer articles of impeachment, both sides agreed the votes needed out of the the senate to oust execuive are doubtful this stage. Administration forces claim that the house not vote impeachment charges, although they concede close vote. bonds to the failure of the banks. the opinion that passed Horton affecting the fiscal polof the state was organized raid heard Nolan testithat Baker certain highway funas prevent republican governor from learning the deposits banks. Col the treasurer Baker and highway official sent several the Nolan The treasurer said he refused. Nolan Refused Hold Vouchers for Feb. state treasurer was again the camouflaging of state deposits in banks which he charged to Commissioner Baker, gave in detail the events conference Col. Lea's home before the election. He also told tempts Baker totaling until Briley. chief accountant the highway TreasNolan that he took the vouchtreasurer's office upon inand them. Caldwell, the insurance and banking department, failed records funds through office and that were the holes, desks, the office described by Mr. being Assessor Joe McCord, Davidson county, and deputy, testified that officials the Bank and Caldwell admitted that stitutions when turns filed. The officials financial requested nothing about the county ficials testified Feb. Hallum Goodloe, chief deputy in told the Knoxsuperior drawn against the Holston National bank for days before the institucollapsed. but them. some bonds, the the which the called veteran that he was assured Ramsey was wrong within few days failed doors. state impression' funding board resolution Aug. 1930. tended transfer all the bridge funds Tennessee said. action when Nolan drafted the resolution. Liberty Bank Held Checks for Col. Feb. former cashier the defunct Liberty bank. told that President Donnell permitted Col. Luke Lea's "cold" checks, for much held the bank items. He also ing $80,000 worth of certificates of posit which Col. secured from the Central Bank Trust company, them his credit certificates, with. placing the Central bank honor the futile, related. Col. and his activities reached Liberty Col. secure loan same amount was deposited, said. Feb. Baker turned the witness blamed taking state's Caldwell the efforts transfer after the but Nolan backed up his ment. billions the money shifted banks quest committee. stitutions being members which securiwhen of fact they were the Col. departin discussing this Tennessee Road Buildmagazine, Tennessee Road Builders' when Baker became the learned the highway chief. Advertising tractors road building equipment dealers was freely in magazine from the derived from that Baker the notes executed upon the publicatold that Treasurer Nolan called conference against telling of the conference at Col. Lea's home. Carter Describes Methods Used By Rogers Caldwell. Feb. Carter, the lated business methods employed Rogers Caldwell financial Interoffice letters showing how Caldwell had been warned from time that he practices hypothecating funds, breaking agreements breaches, Caldwell with colonel called the before the examiners came on Sept. 25 advised Mr. Carter charge Rogers "gyped" Louispublisher banker, the deal. Brown, said, traded Caldwell without even amining balance sheet Caldwell After discovering the truth about transaction nullithe Caldcomplete the harder get paper Carter said opinion that understanding reached Lehman New and Rogers Caldwell, bankers, cashier the Bank he merely machine business Rarely there trust agreement made Caldwell Bank collatwhich ordered the bank Sept. Had the attempt collect Baker drew transfer money from the Bank have met the deRogers Caldwell was testified Cashier Goodloe building he house, Co., guarrelated attempts money made the Caldwell firms. the relation the Bank Tennessee Caldwell They entities, the ran them both and all policies from his Donovan testified. March appearing the second time, told the committee the syndicate money sale and deals, denied there Lehman Bros Caldwell Co. in the last March made Donovan Rogers Caldwell had short him bank which moved to Knoxville. Trust Company Collapse Blamed Caldwell. March 6-Curtis Allen, former trust officer the Holston Trust company, made company Ramsey, Col. Luke and Rogers Caldwell. He blamed the collapse deals. said Ramsey more attention poliplained the trust The bidden tional bank records by federal March Fowler, attorney for federal threatened the After the adjourned meet Nashville following The Knox jury in afterpoon Ramsey the Trust company $250,000 March committee suspendpreliminary March report filed with legislature Luke Rogers Caldwell blamed critical conditions state. extended granted finish the commission, charged Horton swamp lands Reelfoot from Tom political friend testified, to not permit also testified spend $90,000 of highway funds an injunction from the state The of the Mr. Pardue tified. March Hall, former commissioner finance and member the commisPardue's testimony and Doty told meeting which which Tom Morris booster property. The governor invited the Special Auditor's Statement That Surface Only Sratched Among Outstanding Results of Four Months of without disclosing the purpose meeting, they said. learning what Morris had mind, refused they charged brought his finance and taxation department said that him when asked for March EducaHarned all by the committee appear. The discuss advisability adopting textbooks for the next years. Commissioner testithe commission. He admitted kept headquarters summer Horton's from sent ganda to teachers over the state. State Highway Funds Carried by March Briley related that Luke Lea, secretary, porters millions the state the streets Nashville the Commissioner Baker, Briley testified, him many times speed the various ahead other order date the Briley state employe the state The employe pay the the probe started. record showed. March Murrell, driving the the state the last mary. testimony sioner Baker examined concerning kyrock was reluctant about the road material department. Baker told the Lea roads questions tivities testiprinting with which kinsman Rogers contract for printing state They funding sold them, the April Davis, president of the American National Asheville, member the Caldthe deals, tified that these bonds result tween Lehman Both offered bids, through certain withdrew the Caldwell, Davis charged state keep contract. from syndibanks placed money banks actually which was appropriated, testified. deputy fire Gov. Horton pardoned Frank county poolroom offers furnish governor with votes primary campaign April described was for certain the O'Connell. West auditor duced check which certain material used state department. April testified Gov. Horbecause Lea Lea rectly the missing him, Bass said. Sheridan. material corrobothe day before the Grover Keaton. Parker dubbed Sheridan and again, related tried Lea get certain brand cement. Peay's and told the colonel Lea became said the witness said. Campaign funds would be forthcoming used, Col. was quoted as telling Commissioner April Highway Commissioner Berry Col. caused him testified had doubted Refusal build road college in West bridge the river Kelley's less Berry been the immediate his missal. Horton, Col. Berry wanted projects built standing them political campaigns. April timony feed the mills vored by Advertised in Tennessean To Get State April Riddle, Jr., former truck salesman, told committee he entered into contract with Luke Lea, in which Riddle's would advertise the Nashville Tennessean to state. Lea failed Riddle's company refused for the advertisOther dealers concerning their state April president of the Negro Universal Insurance Memphis. testified that paid James the actuary in insurance banking department, work Commissioner Cash, told attempted from the state for his but failed. Fred Bryan. Chattanooga contractor, said contractors had feeling that kyrock they would have time their the highway department. April Klein, southern manager company, Frank the Signal Mountain Portland company, described by president Road sociation, fund the purpose retaining Commissioner office. Patton, proached them scription fund, which fused. purpose promote proposed road bond issue, April O'Connell told the committee that Albert Caldwell fees for acting for an which he, had diction. auditor Commissioner Caldwell cashed checks, the which longed the state, and converted the money When the ditors chief paid money the April former Insurance testified that Caldwell forced him to agree that Caldshould the Also, belief that missioner would company, Harris he the $10,000 fee for trustee. April Washburn appeared defend his collection fees from the Universal Insurance April Neal, former plained him day commissioner not looking after the politiinterests. said lifelong friend the governor, but when suggested that he that think Bass was later fired, Dr. Neal said. Albert Caldwell Admits Irregularities. April 27-Commissioner Caldwell admitted several irregularities in office to the committee. He said he cashed checks belonging to the state, allowed conhad failed to collect by insurance companies. he had right to collect the fee from the company acted trustee. April former state ployes testified payroll foreman, Mims, bought and secured the the Many payrolls admitted by the employes, whom was immunity. orders pad the testified forged names to checks, declared read the other high state officials had ignored having printing done. auditor suffered financial loss the failure the follow the erning printing of state docuApril Brown. Warren and Cabbel, Nashville dealers, testified purchasing department ignored lower prices on standard almost Rubthe which higher price. May Coile, head the division, highway department, he ordered tires cut resold. Tires exhibited the hearing which had the the Cofle tires sold junk dealers the bead May H. O'Connell read several reports the favored dealers with 76 per cent. the business. former Genpaid commission on tires sell the state. The probe was closed several reports from highway and purchasing departments.


Article from The Knoxville News-Sentinel, April 9, 1932

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AUTHORIZE BOND SALE Holston Trust Co. Can Get $100.000 in State Securities. Purchase by the Holston Trust Co. $100.000 state bonds maturing in 1939 was authorized by Chancery Court today. Frank West, receiver, holds for the trust company of state bonds which mature April 29, 1932. He allowed accept in cash for these toward buying the bonds. The under the accepted by the state for full value should the state win in its suit against the trust company.