First American Bank & Trust Company (West Palm Beach, FL)

Episode Information

Episode UID
63011271527
Episode Type
Run โ†’ Suspension โ†’ Reopening
Bank Type
trust
Bank ID
6301127 routing
Routing Number
63-0112
Start Date
March 8, 1927
Location
West Palm Beach, Florida (26.715, -80.053)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
7219829c30e6df83

Response Measures

None

Events (3)

1. March 8, 1927 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Runs were triggered by failure/closures of other Palm Beach banks and large recent withdrawals following prior local bank failures and economic troubles.
Measures
Armored car dispatched from Miami to supply cash to banks experiencing heavy withdrawals.
Newspaper Excerpt
Runs on the Farmers Bank and the Citizens Bank of West Palm Beach were such that an armored car was dispatched from Miami bearing cash for panicky depositors.
Source
newspapers
2. March 8, 1927 Suspension
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Bank suspended operations citing heavy withdrawals and general adverse local conditions after other Palm Beach banks closed; directors said the bank was solvent and would reorganize.
Newspaper Excerpt
No sooner had the First American Bank and Trust company posted notice that business was suspended for the protection of depositors...
Source
newspapers
3. May 25, 1927 Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
After remaining closed for two months as the result of heavy runs last March, the First American Bank and Trust company has announced it will reopen for business here today.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (19)

Article from The Merrill Daily Herald, March 8, 1927

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BANKS CLOSE Three Leading Banks Close Doors Today Depositors Rush to Withdraw Their Savings (By United Press) WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. Three leading banks of the Palm Beach district closed their doors today and started one of the most frenzied runs in the history of Florida finance. Mid-day found streets jammed with depositors seeking to save their money by withdrawing it from the remaining banks of the city. Runs on the Farmers Bank and the Citizens Bank of West Palm Beach were such that an armored car was dispatched from Miami bearing cash for panicky depositors. No sooner had the First American Bank and Trust company posted notice that business was suspended for the protection of depositors than two other institutions closed-the Northwood Bank and Trust company of West Palm Beach and the First Bank and Trust company of Palm Beach.


Article from New Britain Herald, March 8, 1927

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Police Keep Order Police took charge of the crowds that gathered in front of the institutions, and maintained order. Officials of the Citizens Bank announced that an armored car had left Miami for West Palm Beach bearing a large sum of currency for the Citizens Bank and the Farmers Bank and Trust Company. Directors of the First American Bank and Trust Company stated that the bank is solvent and would be opened after a re-organization. The directors stated that they have c more than a legal reserve on hand. e The First American was capitalized at $300,000 and a statement issuo ed this morning showed: I Loans and discounts $3,416,503.42; cash in vault $58,255.35; cash in , other banks $553,730.85; liabilities, bills payable $1,140,000; deposits, $2,982,787.67. : The First American Bank's officers said it had to be closed because I of general conditions following the failure of three Palm Beach banks : last June, the hurricanes, the continued depression in real estate, the upheaval in the city affairs. the failure of the First Bank and Trust , Company a few weeks ago in Lake 1 Worth, and continued large withdrawals by depositors in the past few weeks. More than $10,500,000 has been withdrawn from the bank from a peak of $13,500,000 deposits a few months ago, directors said. The First Bank and Trust Company of Palm Beach is capitalized , at $50,000 and has $100,000 as a surplus and undivided profits. No reason was announced for the closing but it is believed that the bank closed in order to forestall a run. The Northwood Bank. which serv. 1 ed the northern part of West Palm Beach, is believed to have closed for the same reason. Closing of the re-organized First Bank and Trust Company of Lake Worth a few weeks ago had appar) ently inspired depositors here to withdraw their accounts in large sums. ) Illinois Failures. 3 I Mendota, III., March 8 (AP) The Arlington State Bank, at Arlington, t near here, was closed today by the S directors. Frozen assets were asL signed for the closing of the bank which had farmers mainly as clients, ) Springfield, Ill., March 8 (AP)-The S Marbold State Bank at Greenview, S was closed today after a run started yesterday when it was rumored that 1 the bank had heavy holdings in the North Side Bank of Springfield, I which closed last week


Article from The Daily Alaska Empire, March 8, 1927

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FLORIDA BANKS FAIL TO OPEN WEST PALM BEACH. Fla., March 8. The First Bank and Trust Com. pany of Palm Beach and the North wood Bank and Trust Company of West Palm Beach, closed their doors this morning when the First American Bank and Trust Company failed to open. Runs began on three other banks here. The police were called to control the mobs which gathered in front of the institutions. The First American Bank and Trust Company announced it was solvent and will reopen after reor ganization.


Article from The Sheboygan Press, March 8, 1927

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Frenzied Run On Three Palm Beach Banks Is Started United Press] Three West Palm Beach, the Palm Beach leading banks closed their doors today district one of the most frenand started in the history of Florida zied runs finance. found streets jammed seeking to with depositors withdrawing their money banks of the city. from remaining Runs on the Farmers bank and bank of West Palm the Citizens Beach were such that an armored dispatched from Miami bearing cash for panicky deposisooner had the First AmeriBank Trust company posted notice that business was for the protection of positors two other institutions Northwood Bank and Trust company West Palm Beach and First Bank and Trust of Palm Beach. company


Article from The Times, March 8, 1927

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BIG BANK CLOSES WEST PALM BEACH, Fla., Mar leading the Palm Beach district closed their today and one of the most frenzied in the history of Florida finance Midday found streets jammed with depositors seeking their money withdrawing from maining banks the Runs the Farmers' bank and the Citizens' bank of West Palm Beach were such that an armored dispatched from Miami bearing for panicky No sooner had the First American Bank and Trust company posted notice that business uspended for the protection of depositors than other institutions closed, the Northwood Bank Trust Company of West Palm Beach and the First Bank and Trust Company of Palm Beach. Heavy withdrawals on all three banks the eight and affairs this part of the state as reasons for the closing


Article from Marysville Journal-Tribune, March 8, 1927

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FLORIDA BANKS CLOSED DOORS PALM BEACH DISTRICT SCENE OF "RUNS" FOLLOWING ACTION OF THREE BANKS WEST PALM BEACH, Fla., March 8. Three leading banks of the Palm Beach district closed their doors to day and started one of the most frenzied runs in the history of Florida finance. Depositors jammed the streets at noon seeking to withdraw their money from remaining banks. Runs on the Farmers' Bank and Citizens' Bank of West Palm Beach were such that an armored car was sent from Miami bearing cash for depositors. No sooner had the First American Bank and Trust Co., posted notice that business was suspended for pro tection of depositors than two other institutions-The Northwood Bank and Trust Co., of West Palm Beach. and the First Bank and Trust Co. ef Palm Beach -closed Heavy withdrawals on all three banks during the past eight or ten months and unsettled conditions in this part of the state were given as reasons for the closings.


Article from Visalia Daily Times, March 8, 1927

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Three Palm Beach Banks Are Closed WEST PALM March leading banks the Palm Beaches closed their doors this morning and started one of the most frenzied runs in the history of Florida finance. Midday found streets jammed with to save their money by withdrawing from remaining banks of the Runs on the Farmers Bank and the Citizens Bank of West Palm Beach were such that an armored car was dispatched from Miami bearing cash for panicky depositors. No sooner had the first American Bank and Trust Company posted notice that business was suspended for the protection of depositors than two other institutions Northwood Bank and Trust Comnany of West Palm Beach and the First Bank and Trust Company of Palm Beach. Heavy withdrawals on all three banks the past eight or ten months and unsettled condition of affairs in this part of the state were given as reasons for the closings. Long queues of worried depositors waited during the early afternoon to withdraw their savings from banks remaining Police kept the open. lines moving. As result of the closing of the First Bank and Trust Company Palm Beach was left today without chartered bank E. M. Brelsford. Palm Beach capitalist and South Florida pioneer, was president of the First American Bank, which was the first to announce it had closed. Brelsford was also an officer of the First Bank and Trust company.


Article from Fort Worth Star-Telegram, March 8, 1927

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3 PALM BEACH BANKS FAIL, 3 RUNS BEGIN By Press. WEST PALM BEACH. Fla. March First Bank and Trust Company of Palm Beach and the Northwood Bank and Trust Company of West Palm Beach closed their doors Tuesday when the First American Bank and Trust Company here failed to open Tuesday morning. Runs three other West Palm Police took charge of the crowds that gathered in front of the institutions and maintained order. Officials of the Citizens Bank announced that an armored car had left Miami for West Palm Beach bearing large sum of currency for the Citizens Bank and the Farmers Bank and Trust Company One May Reopen. Directors of First American Bank and Trust Company stated that bank is solvent and would be opened after reorganization. The directors stated that they have more than a legal reserve on hand. First American was capitalized $300,000 and statement issued Tuesday morning showed Loans and discounts. $3. 416,503.52 cash in vault. in $1,140,000; deposits. The First American Bank's officers said it had to be closed because of general conditions following the fail ure of three Palm Beach banks last June, the hurricanes, the continued depression in real estate, the upheaval in the city affairs, the failure of the First Bank and Trust Company a few weeks ago in Lake Worth and conlarge withdrawals by depositors in the past $10,500,000 Withdrawn. More than $10,500,000 has been from the bank from peak of $13,500,000 deposits a few months ago, directors The First Bank and Trust Company of Palm Beach capitalized at $50,000 and has $100,000 as surplus and undivided profits. No reason was announced for the closing. but it is believed that the bank closed in order to forestall run. The Northwood Bank, which serves part of West Palm Beach. is believed to have closed for the reason. of the reorganized First Bank and Trust Company of Lake Worth few weeks ago had apparent inspired depositors here to draw their accounts in large sums.


Article from The Sedalia Democrat, March 8, 1927

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CURRENCY Three At West Palm Shut Doors Heavy Withdrawals Associated Press. WEST PALM BEACH, Mar. Citizens Bank and The Farmers Bank and Trust survived prolonged runs today observed their usual o'clock closing hour custom, following the closing of three other banks PALM BEACH, Mar. armored car bearing in currency arrived shortly after noon today from Miami prevent closing of banks following the closing of three other banks today. Heavy withdrawals deposits the two continued in the bank officials expressed belief that the impendhad been averted the relief from Miami. WEST PALM BEACH, March First Bank and Trust Company Palm Beach and the Northwood Bank and Trust Company of West Palm Beach clostheir doors today when the First American Bank and Trust Company here failed this morning. open Runs began two other Palm Beach banks. Police took charge of the crowds that gathered in front of the instituand maintained order. Directors of First American Bank and Trust Company stated that bank would opened after The directors stated that they have than legal reserve on hand. The First American Bank's said had to closed general conditions following failure of three Palm Beach banks last June, the hurricanes, the continued in real estate, the upheaval the city affairs, failure of the First Bank and Trust Company weeks ago in Lake Worth continued withdrawby depositors in the past weeks. It capitalized at First Bank and Trust pany of Beach capitalized $50,000. No reason was announced the closing but is believed that the bank closed in order to forestall The Northwood Bank, which the northeastern part of West Palm Beach, believed to have closed the same reason.


Article from Transcript-Telegram, March 8, 1927

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THREE BANKS OF WEST PALM BEACH CLOSE THEIR DOORS WEST PALM BEACH. March Three leading banks of the Palm Beach district closed their doors today and started one of the most frenzied runs in the history of Florida Mid-day found streets jammed with depositors seeking to save their their money by withdrawing it from the remaining banks of the city. Runs on the Farmers' Bank and the Citizens' Bank of West Palm Beach were such that an armored car was sent from Miami bearing cash for panicky depositors. No sooner had the First American Bank and Trust Company posted notice that business suspended for the protection of depositors than two other institutions closed-the Northwood Bank and Trust Company of West Palm Beach and the First Bank and Trust Company of Palm Beach. Heavy withdrawals on all these banks, during the past eight or ten months and unsettled conditions of affairs in this part of the state, were given is reasons for the clostag.


Article from Evening World-Herald, March 8, 1927

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FINANCIAL STORM HITS WEST PALM BEACH First American Bank and Trust Closed, Two Other Banks Follow. RUNS ON OTHER BANKS West Palm Beach, Fla., March 8 First Bank and Trust company of Palm Beach and the Northwood Bank and Trust company of West Palm Beach closed their doors today when the First American Bank and Trust company here failed to open this mornRuns began on three other West Palm Beach banks. Police took charge of the crowds that gath ered in fron of the institutions and maintained order Officials of the Citizens' bank announced that an armored car had left Miami for West Palm Beach bearing a large sum of currency for the Citizens bank and the Farmers' bank and Trust company. Directors of the First American Bank and Trust company stated that the bank is solvent and would be opened after a reorganization. The directors stated that they have more than a legal reserve on hand The First American was capitalized at 300 thousand dollars and a state ment issued this morning showed loans and discounts cash in vault, $58,255.35 cash in bills payable, $1,140,000; deposits, $2,982,787.67. The American bank's officers said It had to be closed be cause of general conditions following the failure of three Palm Beach banks last June, the hurricanes, the continued depression in real estate. the upheaval in city affairs, the failure of the First Bank and Trust company a few weeks ago in Lake Worth. and continued Jarge withdrawals by depositors in the past few weeks. More than $10.500,000 has been withdrawn from the bank from a peak of $13,500,000 deposits a few months ago, directors The First Bank and Trust company of Palm Beach is capitalized at $50,000 and has $100,000 as surplus and undivided profits. No reason was announced for the closing but it is believed that the bank closed in order to forestall a run. The Northwood bank, which serves the part of West Palm Beach, is believed to have closed for the same reason.


Article from The Lawton Constitution, March 8, 1927

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PALM BEACH Pardon And Parole Board Is Sought BANKS CLOSE; PARLEY BEGINS ON Low Grades Cause BILL IS PREPARED RUN STARTED NAVAL REDUCTION Panicky Depositors Rush Banks Seeking to Withdraw Money. WEST PALM BEACH. Fla., Mar. 8.-Three leading banks of the Palm Beaches closed their doors this morning and started one of the most frenzied runs in the history of Florida finances. Midday found the streets jammed with depositors seeking to save their money by withdrawing it from remaining banks of the cty. Runs on the Farmers bank and the Citizens bank of West Palm Beach were such that an armored car was dispatched from Miami, bearing cash for panicky depositors. No sooner had the First American bank and trust company posted notice that business was suspended for the protection of the depositors than two oher institutions closed-the Northwood Bank and Trust company of West Palm Beach and the First Bank and Trust company of Palm Beach.


Article from The World-News, March 8, 1927

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BANKS AT PALM BEACH WEST TO OPEN FAIL First American Bank Says More Than $10,000,000 Withdrawn in Few Months. West Palm Beach, March First Bank and Trust Company Palm Northwood Trust the failFirst open this morning. The was capitalized and statement issued this resources follows: Loans and vaults $58,255.35. Cash banks Deposits for the First Americlosing Bank as the of three Palm Beach June, the the continued in real estate, the upheaval affairs, the failure the First Trust Company, few weeks ago Lakeworth the by depositors in the past few been withdrawn bank of few months ago, directors Directors the First American Bank and Trust Company today stated that solvent would opened reorganization. they more hand. for the protecof officers Bank and Trust Company Palm 000 and surplus profits. No was given for the but was believed bank closed in order to forestall Northwood Bank. which serves city to have closed for the same ren- The closing of the local institutions upon the reorganibed First Bank and Trust Company Lakeworth, few weeks which inspired depositors withdraw their accounts here in large The other large banks in the crowds streets institutions. crowds are orOfficials the Citizens Bank announced armored route Miami for West Palm Beach bearing amount currency for both Citizens Bank the Farmers Band and Trust Company. GARBAGE SACKS. Buy paper sacks with the lifted out when full, leaving clean


Article from Dayton Daily News, March 9, 1927

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TOURISTS OFFER AID IN RUN ON FLORIDA BANK Additional Funds Awaited in Palm Beach From Jacksonville. WEST PALM BEACH. Fla., March 9-(P)-Ready money Ass incident heretofore in this resort for the wealthy of prime concern today The man in the street regarded apprehensively an abrupt suspension of three banks. Millionaire winter visitors, attracted momentarily from their sports and tea dances, paused to offer financial assistance to two banks that had the burden of keeping the dollar in Citizens bank and the Farmers Bank and Trust Co.-as solid as Gibraltar officials said, awaited additional funds from Jacksonville with which to augment a special consignment of $2,000,000 that yesterday enabled them to meet withdrawals and remain open until 2 o'clock the regular closing time. The three banks, with cap. ital aggregating $500,000 awaited inspections by state bank examiners. The First American Bank and Trust Co. and the First Bank and Trust Co. of Palm Beach failed to open yesterday. The Northwood Bank and Trust Co. suspended business "in the interest of depositors" an hour after opening. Offers of assistance were made by several prominent tourists, some of whom had pressed through long lines of anxious clients, bent on withdrawing accounts, to make comparatively large deposits. T. T. Reese, president of the Farmers bank, said that among those who volunteered support were E. R. Bradley, Lexington, Ky., E. Stotesbury, Philadelphia, Davies Warfield, Baltimore, John S. Phipps, Pittsburgh, A. J. Brexle- Biddle, Thomas A. Clarke, Brooklyn and F. C. Butler, Chicago. Mr. Reese, attributing the failures to several causes, said there was no real emergency. Whether the volunteer millionaires put their shoulders under the financial burden was not made known. Depressed land values contributed originally, bank officials said, but a combination of difficulties running through the failure of bank chain, a devastating hurricane, and an internal difficulty that brought criminal charges against city officials, finally had their climax. Last June the Palm Beach Bank and Trust Co. closed its doors after the Bankers Trust Co. of Atlanta, Ga., failed. The Atlanta company had sponsored a chain of 83 banks, several of which were in Florida. The Commercial Bank and Trust Co. and the Palm Beach National bank, members of the chain, also closed. Two months later a hurricane swept the section, causing considerable evacuation and consequent business depression. The city hall then involved in contractor's fight over street paving contracts and when the smoke had cleared city officials were charged with graft and a movement was under way to recall the city manager and four commissioners. Citizens voted the recall down in a special election last January, but the opposition tied up city books and tax collections were negligible for the time. Uneasiness was felt generally still later when officials of the Palm Beach Bank and Trust Co. and the Commercial Bank and Trust Co. were indicted by a grand jury for alleged violations of the state banking laws. A charge of conspiracy to defraud the city of $200,000 was entered in criminal court action against the city manager, a former city engineer and treasurer, and two contractors. The case awaits trial. Bank deposits have dwindled throughout the section in the last six months. Officials of the First American Bank and Trust Co., an institution with deposits of $13,500,000 early in 1926, reported that deposits now were approximately $3,000,000. Losses to depositors hardly will result from the latest difficulty, bankers said.


Article from Effingham Daily Record, March 11, 1927

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FRENZIED RUN ON WEST PALM BEACH BANKS STARTED West Palm Beach, Fla., March Three leading banks of the Palm Beach District closed their doors today and started one of the most frenzied runs in the history of Florida finance. Mid-day found streets Jammed with depositors seeking to save money by withdrawing it from the remaining banks of the city. Runs on the Farmers Bank and the Citizens Bank of West Palm Beach were such that an armored car was dispatched from Miami bearing cash for panicky depositors. No sooner had the First American Bank and Trust Company posted notice that business was suspended for the protection of depositors than two other institutions closed, the Northwood Mank and Trust Company of West Palm Beach and the First Bank and Trust Company of Palm Beach.


Article from Johnson City Staff-News, May 24, 1927

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WEST PALM May remaining closed for two months the result of heavy last the First American Bank and Trust Company has announced will for business Cornish, will head the new institution in place of Brelsford, became chairman the beard The First American Bank has creased its capital $500,000 will carry surplus of $100,000. announced. The bank after period during which officials worked stantly untie thetangle in which involved in March. All and doubtful paper has been charged off. claimed. Ernest Amos. comptroller of rency for Florida has wired ulations the new officers the bank. Lynn H. Dinkins. president of the Trust and Banking and M. president Marine Bank and Trust both New Orleans, were added to the rectorate the new president of the First American.


Article from The Birmingham Post, May 25, 1927

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BANK WILL RE-OPEN West Palm Beach Institution To Resume Business. By United Press Leased Wire WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. May 25.-After remaining closed for two months as the result of heavy runs last March, the First American Bank and Trust company has announced it will reopen for business here today. Ed Cornish, of Little Rock, Ark. will head the new Institution in the place of E. M. Brelsford, who becomes chairman of the board. The First American bank has increased its capital to $500.000 and will carry surplus of $100,000. it was announced.


Article from The San Diego Sun, May 25, 1927

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Bank is Reopened With New Capital By United Press WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. May 25.-The First American Bank & Trust Co., closed after heavy runs last March, reopened Its doors for business here today. The bank increased Its capital to $500,000 and will carry a surplus of $100,000. it was announced. Three new directors were added.


Article from The Palm Beach Post, June 1, 1927

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FIRST AMERICAN HERE ADDS GRATIFICATION Twenty-five Banks Closed In State Are Reopened In Last Nine Months BANK OPENS May thority has been granted the People's Bank, St. Cloud to reopen was announced today the state banking department. The bank pended operations sometime ago. By the Associated Press May by the state banking the rapid succession of bank reopenings taking Reopening of the Bank of Orange Trust and the American Bank and of West Palm the latest of the institutions announce resumption of business satisfaction here by the department officials. The was declared. has due largely operative efforts extended among banking department officials and heads the institutions, and excellent prevailing among the public Particularly the latter, such progress could not be accomplished, was stated. Since banks had have reopened. according to revised list compiled by banking department heads. Two other institutions and later closed Following list of the reopened banks of the state, their location. and the date their repoening: Citizens Bank of Bushnell, Bushnell, Feb. 1927 Delray Bank and Bank and St. Oct. Bank County Sept. 14. Bank Dade City, Dade City, Palatka Bank and Trust company, Palatka, Bank GroveDec. Bank of Umatilla, Umatilla, 1926: First State Bank Clermont, ClerSept 28, 1926 Citizens Bank Eustis, Oct. 1926: Bank Mount Dora, Mount Dora, Sept. 1926: Bank of Aug. 24, 1926 Bank of OakOct. Bank of Live Oak. Live Oak, Sept. Bank Sept. 13, 1926 Lake Butler, Dec. Bank of Monticello, 14, 1926: Polk County Trust Lakeland. 28, State Bank. Lake 1926: East Florida Stuart Bank and Trust company. Stuart, Oct. 1926: People's Bank Sept 1926: Palmetto State Bank. Palmetto, May 19. 1927: Bank Orange and Trust company. Orlando, May 23. 1927, and First American Bank and Trust company. West Palm Beach, May