364. Bank of Green Forest (Green Forest, AR)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run → Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
state
Start Date
November 8, 1907
Location
Green Forest, Arkansas (36.335, -93.436)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
dea1203f

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Public signal of financial health

Description

Nov 1907 Panic: local depositors' withdrawals and restrictions ('lid') were imposed in response to the Wall Street/financial panic. Articles describe precautionary limits on cash payments but indicate the bank remained solvent and confident; later reporting implies normal business resumed. No receivership or permanent closure mentioned.

Events (3)

1. November 8, 1907 Run
Cause
Macro News
Cause Details
Nationwide Wall Street financial panic in early November 1907 prompted heavy withdrawals and strain on local banks.
Measures
Bank limited cash payments to depositors ('lid'); adopted precautionary measures restricting withdrawals.
Newspaper Excerpt
THE PANIC IS OVER ... The extraordinary precaution ... in the matter of paying out funds, might have excited some distrust ... On 'balled up' last week.
Source
newspapers
2. November 22, 1907 Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
BANK HERE IN GOOD SHAPE ... the business of the Bank of Green Forest is now the high water mark of prosperity. There is no reason ... why conditions should have become so disturbed locally.President John A. Buell ... Sees No Occasion for Alarm.
Source
newspapers
3. November 22, 1907 Suspension
Cause
Macro News
Cause Details
Partial suspension (a 'lid' limiting cash withdrawals) imposed due to panic-induced demand for cash tied to Wall Street disturbances; described as precautionary rather than insolvency-driven.
Newspaper Excerpt
It is of the utmost importance that the patrons stand by the bank at this time, said Mr. Buell ... If the people had conducted themselves as though nothing happened, no 'lid,' as you call it, would have been necessary at the bank.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (2)

Article from The Green Forest Tribune, November 8, 1907

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Article Text

THE PANIC IS OVER But Relaxation from Financial Squeeze Comes Slowly BANK HERE IN GOOD SHAPE Depositors Haven't the Slightest Occasion for Alarm The financial flurry which had two its origin in wall street some weeks ago was felt more or less the in every nook and corner of that country. But for the fact the financial stability of the Bank esof Green Forest is so well tablished as to have the full confidence of practically every depositor, some trouble might have been experienced here. The extraordinary precaution all that our bank, along with felt other banks of the country, necessary to employ in the matter of paying out funds, might had have excited some distrust the people who were in a position to understand the situation fully not been able to offer every personal assurance that the condition of the bank was in no way responsible for the adoption a of such measure, and that, as matter of fact, the business of the at Bank of Green Forest is now the high water mark of prosperty. The banking; system is a most wonderful piece of mechanism, and the average depositor is not its well informed concerning working. When one joint of the banking system gets out of repair it effects the whole when body sometimes, especially that the trouble emanates from great nerve center of the country known as Wall street. Millions upon top of millions of dollars exchange hands daily through our banking system without a dollar being counted is out, yet every transaction debased on the actual cash on in posit or in the hands of some dividual somewhere. Take the bank of Green Forest, deinstance. It now has on for posit more than $100,000. Only small amount of this money, kept comparatively a speaking, is one the bank's safe at any this time. in About $80,000 of money is loaned back to the peoof the town and country; divided the ple other $20,000 or so is and with banks of St. Louis of Springfield, up as a matter merchant convenience. Say a here owes a St. Louis dry goods the house a thousand dollars; on merchant issues his check the Bank of Green Forest, where for he has his money on deposit, the the amount and mails it to of wholesale house; upon receipt check the St. Louis merchant and takes the it to his banking house books takes credit on the bank's turns for the amount; this bank as check into what is known the the clearing house, where perhaps the a number of checks on be Bank quite of Green Forest may over bunched together and turned holds the St. Louis bank which Green to the money of the Bank of forForest, and the checks are Bank warded by that bank to the checks Green Forest, and the is of where the original sender amount. charged up with the efa settlement has been of a Thus fected without the handling dollar. Often in the course of business for becomes necessary it to express money from one bank's another in order to keep and matters to properly adjusted got right here is where banks On ac"balled up" last week. conof the prevailing Louis ditions count in New York the St. down and Springfield banks shut to the shipping out of money pendtheir on corresponding banks, street the adjustment of Wall become ing and thus it 1 necessary matters, for our local banks of prd adopt similar measures


Article from The Green Forest Tribune, November 22, 1907

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Article Text

THE REASON WHY President John A. Buell of the Bank of Green Forest Talks THE PRESENT BANK SITUATION Sees No Occasion for Alarm. Banking Methods Explained President John A. Buell of the Bank of Green Forest sizes up the matter in regard to the present banking situation about as concisely as it can be put. "Itis of the utmost importance that the patrons stand by the bank at this time," said Mr. Buell in an interview with The Tribune editor Wednesday morning. "There is no reason under the sun why conditions should have become so disturbed locally. We have everything here we had before the panic begun. If the could all have to pended people upon conduct been them- had deselves as though nothing happened, no 'lid,' as you call it, would have been necessary at the bank. "The first impulse of the man who was prohibited from drawing out in the form of cash more than a mere pittance of his balance in the bank would be to say: 'Can't I do what I please with my own? It is my money I and I am entitled to it when want it and as I want it, whether in the form of gold, silver, paper or drafts. What business has the banker or any other man to say to me how I shall manage my business or my earnings?' "From one point of view the answer would be yes; a man has an absolute right to do as he pleases with his own, but every other depositor necessarily has the same right. In other words, one man has just the same rights and no more than has every other depositor. A moment's consideration, however, will convince any man that no bank ever has or ever can have money enough on hand to pay all its depositors the same day or even the same week. If it had that power it would not be a bank at all, but a safety deposit company; and of for your deposits it would be gratuitously, stead caring service compelled to charge you for its as safe keeper of your cash. The theory on which banking is done is that all the depositors will not want their money at the same time. The law recognizes this by providing that banks must in keep a certain reserve fund cash, it having been found by experience that under ordinary conditions this is ample and that the majority of depositors do not d want their money at the same I time. A bank could not exist unless it could loan its deposits. ly "The banking business is based on the theory that the ded positor will not want his deposits c all in cash but will use checks and drafts. In fact, from 90 to 96 per cent of the business of the country is done not with cash but with checks and drafts which take the place of cash. If therefore through panic the depoeitors demand all cash or all at the same time or within a few days, they simply render banking impossible. If allowed to have it they would put the business of the country back two hundred