2669. Atlanta Bank (Atlanta, GA)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run Only
Bank Type
state
Start Date
August 24, 1855
Location
Atlanta, Georgia (33.749, -84.388)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
386a4955

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Public signal of financial health

Description

Multiple mid-1855 newspaper reports describe an organized, sustained run on the Atlanta Bank (Aug–Sep 1855) with large amounts of its notes sent back for redemption and at least one protest for unpaid notes (Sept 25/26). There is no clear evidence in the provided articles that the bank permanently suspended payments or was placed in receivership — reports repeatedly state notes being redeemed and the bank meeting demands, though one article notes the bank closed at 4pm leaving $4,900 protested. Thus the best classification is a run that did not obviously result in suspension/closure in these excerpts.

Events (3)

1. August 24, 1855 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Organized campaign by brokers and banks (Chicago, Galena, Mineral Point, Wisconsin banks) to return Atlanta Bank notes for redemption — coordinated withdrawal of circulation originating in the Midwest
Measures
Bank redeemed large amounts of notes in specie as demands arrived; agents counted and paid out sums; George Smith & Co. sent specie/redemptions
Newspaper Excerpt
A gentleman from Chicago ... informs us that the run on the Atlanta Bank is a thoroughly organized affair ... Two hundred and fifty thousand dollars of its notes are now on the way from Chicago to Atlanta for redemption
Source
newspapers
2. September 1, 1855* Other
Newspaper Excerpt
The run on the Atlanta Bank ... Upwards of half a million have been sent home during the past week. ... $147,900 has already been drawn, and $250,000 more will soon be demanded. Reports: 'Atlanta money ... is becoming scarcer' and 'several million dollars ... redeemed to the tune of millions.' (Various Aug–Sep 1855 reports).
Source
newspapers
3. September 26, 1855 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Continued demands for redemption by parties (e.g., Washburn, Chicago parties) leading to heavy specie payments and a protested unpaid balance at close of business
Measures
Counted and paid a portion of demands; closed bank at end of day (per report) after slow counting; legal protest filed by notary/creditors
Newspaper Excerpt
We presented ... $33,865, and gave notice that we should insist upon that amount being paid to us during banking hours. Of this they only counted $10,000 before dinner; ... when the bank opened in the afternoon ... they closed the bank, leaving unpaid $4,900; which the notary is now protesting.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (13)

Article from The Daily Union, July 26, 1853

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T Texas. THE CROPS The crops of wealern Texas are generally good. The Henderson Flag says that copious show ers have refreshed the parched crops in Rusk county, and that they will yet turn out well. The San Antonio Ledger speaks of an abundance of rain in that region. GOLD MINES. The Flag says the bubble has burst, so far as concerns the yield of the mines above Austin The young men are advised to remain at home and work the ground. The Southwestern American says that armed men appear in the streets daily, generally on the bunt of gold, but thus far "the auriferous localities have not been defined.' COL. M.T. JOHNSON This gentleman declines a further canvass a candidate for governor. He says his prospects are flattering; but for the good of the democratie party be declines, as the whigs have nominated candidate. The Flag says the withdrawal of Col. Johnson insures the election of a democratic governor. JUDGE OCHILTREE accepts the nomination of the whig convention as a candidate forgovernor. He issues circular, and avows his purpose to veto any bill for,the division of the State. GENERAL HOUSTON.- made a speech at Nacogdoches late in June, in which he advocated the Pacific railroad zealously, but said General Rusk was his leader in this great enterprise. He censured Col. Davis, Secretary of War, for not sending a company to explore a route through Texas. Senators Houston and Rusk were together, and both remarkably well. North Carolina SUPREME COURT.- body is now in session in the city of Raleigh POLITICAL.-The Raleigh Standard is waging a fierce war upon the Hon. A. W. Venable for his vote in favor of Bennett's land bill, and his views on the Cuba question. The Standard favors the election of Mr. Lewis. Venable and Lewis are democrats NORTH CAROLINA RAILROAD.-At a meeting of the stockholders the amendments to the charter made by the last legislature were rejected. The vote was then reconsidered, and the question postponed. The directors were then elected, and the board organized-Go Morehead being chosen president. Major Gwynn was appointed State engineer at a salary of $8,000. RAIN.-The Standard of the 23d inst. says there has been abundance of rain within the last ten days. Georgia JUDGE WOFFORD. Atlanta Intelligencer says that Judge Wofford has written a letter in which he declares his purpose to support Judge Johnson for governor. ATLANTA NK.-The Intelligencer this bank is prepared to transact business; and that its notes will be redeemed in New York at three-fourths of one per cent. DEATH OF MRS. FORSYTH.-The widow of the Hon. John Foreyth, Mrs. Clara Forsyth, died in Georgia on the 17th inst. SCOTT WHIGS.-The Constitutionalist says that the Scott whige seem disposed 10 repudiate the action of the republican citizens" in running Mr. Jenkins. FRANKLIN COLLEGE.- Hon. John A. Campbell delivere an address before the alumni of Franklin College on the 2d of August. COL MURPHY.-Thi gentleman has declined the canvass for Congress on account of bad health. Kentuck , THE AFHLAND DISTRICT. -The Canvass seems to wax hotter as the day of election approaches. The democrats have discovered evidence that funis have been sent from New York city to defeat Breckinridge's election. This produces excitement, as a matter of course. The money is charged to be used in making large bets on the result-a most pernicious mode of corrupting the elective franchise. The Yeoman, speaking of the canvass, says We say to our friends, everywhere, that the prospect for the it success of Breckinridge is most cheering. We regard as morally certain that be will be elected, provided our friends do their duty. We tell them candidly, that the people of this district, by a large majority, want John C. Breckinridge for their representative; and no amount of money, bribery, bragging, and bullying, will be allowed to cheat the people out of their predetermined purpose. We are confident on this point, and assure our friends that all is safe if they are but vigilant and active. But they must be vigilant and active, and they will be so. We warn all against false reports, and lies and rumore, which will no doubt be put in circulation against Major Breckinridge on the eve of the election. His character, both public and private, is pure and spotless. No one here, where he is best known, dare assail his private character and is conclusive proof that his political char acter is unassailable, that neither his competitor nor the opposing press has ever assailed a single vote he gave while in Congress. OHIO.-The Ohio Statesman makes the following senaible remarks in regard to the pending canvasa in Ohio is doubtful whether the democracy of this State appreciate the practical results of their success or defeat at the October polls. Superficial reflection upon the position of partier, and the probable prospects before us, is calculated to inspire a rather indifferent interest in what may be called the contest, though really there is but the form of contest without its substance and apirit. The democracy are strong and in power; our enemies are weak, broken down-as a State organization and unity, dead Our friends deem it scarcely necessary to organize or to think of action. Yet there is no more subtle dan. ger to a party than this very confident --security which democrate may naturally feel in contemplating the state of things before them. We are at the very acme of political domination- to outward appearances, invincibly entrenched in power, with our enemies literally under our feet. But it has been truly said by a philosophical writer- and his words are cogent warning to all umphant parties- in this world all things react; and the very extremity of any force is the Feed and nucleus of a counter-agency, The most sanguine assurance of permanent rule over public affairs may beget a luil in our vigilance, in which we may be surprised and overthrown by an enemy always on the look out, always in ambush, always most sure to strike whenever their adversaries are most soundly asleep.' ILLINOIS.- Alta Courier says that the bank com. missioners of Illinois are preparing for the rigid enforce ment of the law of the last legislature, in regard to the circulation of unauthorized and probibited bank notes, after the first of August next. With this view. they have addressed the proper officers in each State, requiring from them a list of all the banks having legal existence in the State Returns have been received from all the States except three. Georgia has responded. and in the list the Atlanta bank does not appear. It is not put down among those legally authorized to do a banking business in that State This being so, it will be a crimi nal offence for any bank in Illinois to receive or pay our ite paper, and those who circulate it are subject to heavy penalties. The bank commissioners are determined, it is said, to execute this law faithfully, and if they do they will deserve the thanks of the country. MICHIGAN.-The Lansing State Journal makes the


Article from Washington Sentinel, October 4, 1853

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Intelligence. Atlanta Bank Bursted.-We have often exposed the Atlanta Bank as a swindling affair, and warned the public against giving credit to its issues. We did not, however, suppose its race would so soon be run. But it appears by the following, from the Chicago Tribune of Wednesday, that George Smith & Co., have ceased to redeem its bills. Stand from under! "ATLANTA BANK REPUDIATING ITSELF.-We understand that Messrs. George Smith & Co., of this city, yesterday retused to take the bills of the Atlanta Bank, in exchange for common currency.' Up to that time, they had acted otherwise, and the refusal at this time, when a large amount of the Atlanta bills have been put in circulation, excites no small degree of surprise, and speculation as to the cause. We know of no reason, nor can we rationally imagine one, for such a course, except it be the inability of Messrs. Smith & Co., to provide means for the redemption of the Atlanta bills. We have had a good deal of confidence in the financial talent and pecuniary ability of the parties, but the refusal alluded to is by no means calculated to increase it." Let this serve as a warning against all other similar institutions. They are all rotten, and will all sooner or later burst up.-Exchange.


Article from Daily Davenport Gazette, August 24, 1855

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Atlanta Bank. The R. I. Adv. of Wednesday contains the following paragraph. Atlanta money, so sbundant recently, is becoming scarcer in our city. We pr sume its basis is quite as firm as any of the Georgia issues, and regret that we have not good Iowa bank notes to take its place: "A gentleman from Chicago, whose in formation is undoubted and whose veracity is unquestionable, informs us that the run on the Atlanta Bank is a thoroughly organized affair, embracing an amount of means and influence, under which the bank muet yield, and withdraw its circulation, at least. Two hundred and fifty thousand dollars of its notes are now on the way from Chicago to Atlanta for redemption, and three hundred thousand more are lying in Chicago awaiting the recovery of the bank, so that they also can be sent. The object is not to break the institution, but to force it to wind up. Its circulation is two millions of dollars for which the bill holder has no security except George Smith, and that only so long as he chooses to own the charter ! He may sell it at any moment and the bank may be. come worthless. We deem our duty to place the public here upon its guard in this matter."


Article from The Weekly Minnesotian, August 25, 1855

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STAND FROM UNDER.-It is currently reported that demands to a large amount are being constantly made upon the ATLANTA BANK for a redemption of its present bi'ls in specie. Thus far the requisitions have been promptly met, we learn. by this Institution, which we presume has the means at command to sustain itself against a more extended run upon its circulation, though there are but few who can tell how far its distance is to the end of the rope. Of course, this parent of all the Georgian wild cats will endeavor to sustain its own ex+ istence, though it be at the expense of the entire litter of the younger brood, and hence we consider it sane advice to suggest to our friends to keep as clear as possible from entangling alliances with this species of moneyed representation. It may do to pass, but we do not consider it over safe to keep.-Chi. Journal.


Article from Demoine Courier, August 30, 1855

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Mr. George Smith seems to be experiencing considerable trouble with bis Atlanta Bank. The institution is lo cated in Georgia, but its business is trunsacied in Chicago, where the people are running home the circulation. The manager of the office there, it seems, re. deems, too, notes with Exchange, charging for the latter a higher rate of premium than other banks. This kind of redemption the people very properly protest against. Mr. Smith's Banking must be profitable, otherwise he would not persevere 80 fiercely against the public opinion.-Cin. Gazette.


Article from The Weekly Minnesotian, September 1, 1855

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NEW YORK, Aug. 25. The Alta Californian says several well known citizens sailed in the Golden Age for Acapulco, to join Alverez's army. Some of them were to take high official grades in the Mexican army. NEW York, Aug. 24. Our census Tns are all in. The total population of the city is 624,000, being an increase of 109,00 since 1850. IN The Buffalo Republic gives an incident connected with the recent death of Capt. Titus, which is worthy of being made a note of. The wife of Capt. T. has for a long time held an insurance policy on his life, which expired about the time when he last sailed. He was notified of the fact, but stated that he could not then renew it, as he had not the money to.spare. Before the thirty days time for renewal had elapsed, and only a few days before his death, a friend who was informed of the fact, paid the premium, and the widow is now entitled to $3,000 for her future maintainance. The relief will be most acceptable, as it in reality constitutes her entire legacy. | Look OUT FOR A CRASH !-Our latest dates confirm the determination of some of the wealthy bankers in this State and Illinois to run out the Atlanta bank, Georgia. $250,000 more of their bills will be returned in a few days. We say to our friends look out for a crash!-La Crosse Republican.


Article from Minnesota Weekly Times, September 4, 1855

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A Chicago paper announces that a run has been commenced on the Atlanta Bank, and will be continued until all the Georgia shinplasters are driven out of circulation. $147,900 has already been drawn, and $250,000 more will soon be demanded. The Bank of Galena and the Bank of Mineral Point are the main drawers. They are backed by two leading houses in Chicago.


Article from Weekly Hawk-Eye and Telegraph, September 19, 1855

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GEORGIA MONEY.-The run continues on the Interior and Atlanta Banks. Upwards of half a million have been sent home during the past week. How this will result we are not able to determine. If it should introduce a safer and better corrency the people will be satisfied; but if it creates a panic, and depree ates the value of produce which it is likely to do, the mischief will be immense.-[Sterling Times.


Article from Daily Davenport Gazette, September 24, 1855

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GEORGIA Money.-The run continues on the Interior and Atlanta Banks. Upwards of halfa million have been sent home during the past week. How this will result we are not able to determine. If it should introduce a safer and better currency the people will be satisfied; butif it creates & panic, and depreciates the value of produce which it is likely to do, the mischief will be immense.


Article from The Daily Minnesota Pioneer, September 26, 1855

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readers some idea of the progress of the money war in that city :The Currency War. A week or two ago the Galena and Mineral Point brokers and their allies elsewhere, who are making war upon the Atlanta Bank and the Bank of the Interior, sent down a large package of the bills of those banks for redemption-rumor says to the amount of two or three hundred thousand dollars. Late advices from Atlanta state that the bills are being promptly redeemed in gold coin of the denomination of one dollar! It will probably take the agent from three to four weeks to get through with the count. Meanwhile, the money lying idle, the brokers making the run lose some fifteen hundred or two thousand dollars in the way of interest, the business community are pressed for lack of needful money facilities-all classes suffer loss, none obtain any good. Atlanta and Interior money passes as readily to-day as when the war was commenced. Nobody expects the war to run it out of circulation. And if it could, everybody knows its place would be supplied by currency of which we know less and on which there would be strong probability of suffering serious loss. Our present banking law is too stringent to give us a currency equal to the demand. But nobody is moving to secure such amendments as would remove this objection to it. The war is exclusively a money warmoney against money-with enough of personality in it to give it an exhilarating spice. The brokers and the bankers do the fiddling-the people pay the fiddlers. It may be sport to those who are active participants-but it entails incalculable mischiet upon those who are not. The one dollar coin and other contingents, will probably bring the currency war to a speedy conclusion. If, however, the allies should conclude to winter in the Crimea, we doubt not Sebastopol will be just as strong next spring as it is now.


Article from The Daily Minnesota Pioneer, September 29, 1855

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Georgia Currency. We had occasion a short time since, to make special mention of a run made by a combination of capitalists upon what is known as the "Georgia Currency;" having special reference to the notes of the Atlanta and Interior Banks, which have always circulated here as among the best that have been offered. The run on these banks has been continued now for several weeks, causing even in the New York market, which has suffered a drain of between one and two millions of dollars from GEO. E. SMITH & Co., the proprietors of these institutions, who have sent out that amount to Georgia, for the redemption of their notes. The run has, of course, still more seriously affected the money market of the West. During the continuance of the strife between the champions of free banking, and the regular chartered institutions, the local banks of the West dare not make issues to the extent demanded by western business. The resnlt is, that the void occasioned by the withdrawal of several millions of our common currency, is being filled by Eastern banks and capitalists, who in the present state of affairs enjoy a perfect monopoly of the western money market ; the value of whose issues fluctuate according to the will and interest of those who set them afloat, and of whose ultimate worth the people can have no certain security. The results of this monopoly are already beginning to be felt in the lack of supply, and enhanced rates of interest. It is impossible to conjecture the ultimate effect upon our business interests, of this war among the Bankers. Our opinion as to the merits of the quarrel, have not changed from the last season. We gave our opinions of the stock-banking system in the early part of last year-denouncing it as a system of false pretences, certain to be blown up at every period of financial crisis, The disastrous fall of scores of Indiana banks, during the pressure afterwards made upon them, fully justified the correctness of our judgment. The bills of stock secured banks, chartered and operated on the most approved modern principles, went down from par through the whole gamut of per centage, forty cents on the dollar; while, during the same crisis, the notes issued by G. SMITH & Co., based on individual responsibility, maintained their original quotations. And now, under the severest pressure ever concocted against any capitalist, we find Atlanta and Interior money promptly redeemed to the tune of millions. We allude to this matter only for the purpose of cautioning the people of this Territory against becoming parties of this fibancial quarrel, and thus serionsly impair their own interests. We believe GEORGE SMITH, and his associates, to be impregnable; that all his issues will be redeemed without question. What the people want here is a circulating medium which is safe, and in which they can repose confidence.Without any banking system of their own, there exists no necessity for them to interfere in quarrels about different systems in other localities. We trust that any attempt to create a monetary panic in our Territory will be promptly discountenanced and the people be thereby saved the losses which are their necessary result.


Article from The New York Herald, October 2, 1855

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40 per cent, and there are people who hold New York Central now at 95 per cent, who a year or two hence will not touch it at 75 per cent. Confidence is a very important element in the stock market, and many a stock has been sustained by it long and long after its real value had been extracted by the speculating leeches who fastened upon it in its early days. The Sub-Treasury is steadily drawing specie into its vaults. The Assistant Treasurer reports to-day as follows:Paid on Treasury account $55,139 82 Received do. 120,845 51 Balance do. 7,225,383 24 Paid on disbursing checks 94,853 56 The payments to-day include $45,000 on California drafts. Telegraphic dispatches were received on Saturday to the effect that the notes of the Atlanta Bank had been protested. Under what circumstances will be seen by notes from the two parties:ATLANTA, Ga., Wednesday, Sept. 26. To Geo. Smith & Co.-A quantity of notes were present. ed yesterday morning by Washburn. We counted and paid $29,000. At the close of banking hours the balance uncounted was protested. We are advised by the best legal counsel in the city that we have claim for heavy damages. Shall we hold Washburn to bail? S. C. HIGGINSON, President. ATLANTA, Tuesday, Sept. 25, 1855. We have just put the Atlanta under protest for $4,900, We presented of this money for payment to-day $33,865, and gave notice that we should insist upon that amount being paid to us during banking hours. Of this they only counted $10,000 before dinner; and when the bank opened in the afternoon, (2 o'clock,) we took a notary to the bank, who demanded the payment of the balance of the amount before the closing of the bank. They then proceeded to count very slowly until 4 o'clock, when they closed the bank, leaving unpaid $4, 900; which the notary is now protesting. When protested it will be expressed to you to have suit instituted against the owners. At the time of closing they ordered us out of the bank. The Washburn referred to is the Hon. E. B. Washburn, member of Congress from Illinois. The Chicago Tribune of the 22d of September, has the following items about " poor money going and good money coming:"A gentleman from Galena left here on Thursday even. ing for Atlanta, with a big sack full of Georgia notes, going home for redemption. The amount taken, we are informed, was $178,000. They will keep this matter going until every dollar of Atlanta and interior money is sent home. Arrangements have been made by parties in Chicago for bringing here to loan to grain dealers and others, $250 of the notes of sound, specie paying banks, to take the place of Atlanta that is going out. The Wisconsin banks are increasing their circulation to fill the gap left by the withdrawal of Georgia; and our own banks are plucking up courage and putting out their own paper in lieu of the depreciated currency that has heretofore circulated so freely. Since the run on Georgia commenced, several bank presidents from New England have been here to see upon what terms their money could be loaned; and all, so far as we are informed, have gone home entirely satisfied that ample security can be given for all they have to spare. The most important matter connected with the finances of our railroads is the extent of the actual operating expenses, compared with their gross earnings. This is a subject upon which the community and even those most interested are profoundly ignorant, and it is the fixed determination of the managers of our railroads to keep their stockholders completely in the dark as long as possible. Bankruptcy which has for years existed is in this way kept secret, and it is only when the company's liabilities have reached a sum too unwieldy for the financiers to manage that the public get an insight into these dark and mysterious operations. Such an exposé destroys at once the company's credit, and the investigations which follow show a condition of things almost surpassing belief. It is really astonishing for what a length of time these shrewd managers will disguise and cover up the insolvency of a railroad for what a length of time they will continue to pay six, seven and eight per cent dividends, without earning one half of the amount paid. Instances have been known where they have actually increased the per cent dividend from year to year, when it was afterwards shown that even the lowest rate had not been earned. The New York Central Railroad Company reported, last year, that fifty-two per cent of its receipts were paid for operating expenses. This we believe to be consideraly under the actual rate. The average in the State last year, according to the State Engineer's report, was 60 per cent. For the purpose of arriving at the amount expended, without regard to the per cent on receipts, we have taken as data the calculations of our most experienced engineers, and with that we arrive at results much more in accordance with the views we have always entertained regarding railroad expenses than can be obtained from official reports. NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD. 2,117,038 1854, Fept. 30.-Miles run by passenger trains 1,200,240 Miles run by freight trains 3,317,278 Total miles during the year According to the standard adopted by engineers and other scientific men, the actual cost of every mile run by . locomotive on the road of each company is one dollar. This standard is so well established that the profitable railroads of the country can be selected by It. It is the opinion of those who have devoted a great deal of time to the examination of this subject that no railroad company which does not earn gross at least two dollars for every mile run by Its locomotives cannot earn a dividead on Its stock. The New York Central's locomotives ran during the year ending Sept. 20, 1864, 3,317,278 miles, which must have cost, according to the rule, 88,317 instead of $3,088,041 as reported in the official returns. The gross earnings of the company in the same year amounted to $5,918,334. which is equal to $1 T8 per unite. If it cost one dollar to run each mile, as estimated, the company could have netted but seventy-eight cents per mile during the year. which would actually give it but 2,587,474 84 net instead of $2,830,293 27, a differonce against the company of $242,818 43. The standard of expenses referred to has proved nearer correct than any other. There is no way of avoiding the expendi ture when enumerated in this way. The actual cost of running a locomotive a mile is something An engine may be run up and down a road alone without & train of ears attached, but the expense of its movements cannot be taken away. An outlay is fuel, oil, labor, wear and tear, & & has actually been incurred, and it must be provided for. For the purpose of placing this princi.


Article from New Orleans Daily Crescent, October 10, 1855

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OFFICE OF THE STATE TREASURER, September 25, 1855 To THE PUBLIC: The " Southern Bank of Indiana," located at Terre Haute, has organised under the amended Bank Law of this State, and has this day deposited securities equal in value to one dollar and ten cents in gold to every dollar of circulation of said Bank. The paper of this Bank is just as safe as the gold, and far preferable to a large majority of the foreign paper brought into the State. W. R. NOFSINGER, Treasurer of State. It has been reported that the Atlanta Bank of Georgia was under protest and in a tight place, as the most extensive, and at the same time concentrated arrangements had been made and were carried out, to run it down, ever attempted, perhaps, in reference to any one Bank in this country. George Smith, the chief owner of the Bank, is & Scotchman, and is reported to be immensely wealthy, and a large portion of the farmers in Northern Illinois have great confidence in him and his Atlanta currency, and have taken it in preference to the Illinois State Stock money. George, like most of his countrymen, is exceedingly shrewd; and with his immense capital, unimpeached character, and Scotch shrewdness, he has so completely outgeneralled and controlled the Banks and money dealers of Northern Illinois and Wisconsin, that they have entered into a grand alliance, and have besieged the Scotchman and his Atlanta Bank, and have perhaps taken them by storm. We have no doubt that George is honest, but his financial arrangements in regard to the Atlanta Bank, were not, we must say, above mischief. The following card, from the Board of Underwriters of St. Louis, we find in our last St. Louis papers. OFFICE BOARD OF UNDERWRITERS, St. Louis. NOTICE. - The following resolutions were adopted this day by the Board of Underwriters of St. Louis, (the same having been adopted by the New Orleans Board of Underwriters, June 26, 1855.) Resolved, That our Tariff be made to conform with the following: 1. Mississippi River above the mouth of the Ohio 1/4 per cent. additional premium on salt, sugar, coffee, rice, hemp, hay, bagging, bale rope, bran, grain of all kinds, and tobacco in hogsheads, (to or from New Orleans.) 2. One-half of one per cent. additional on all shipments made from and after October 1st, and before March 1st, (to or from New Orleans,) to go into effect October 1, 1855. The above are the Minimum Rates incorporated in the Tariffs by the Boards of Underwriters of New Orleans and St. Louis. J. 8. CHEW, Secretary.