2016. Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company (Washington, DC)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Suspension → Closure
Bank Type
state
Start Date
July 2, 1874
Location
Washington, District of Columbia (38.895, -77.036)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
f515fa8c

Response Measures

None

Description

Multiple contemporary articles (July–October 1874) report that the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company at Washington was ordered by its national board of trustees to stop taking and paying out money, suspended operations, and was placed in liquidation with commissioners/receiver appointed to wind up its affairs. No article describes an explicit depositor run on this specific bank; the sequence is a suspension and winding up/receivership rather than a run-driven suspension.

Events (4)

1. July 2, 1874 Suspension
Cause
Government Action
Cause Details
Ordered by the national board of trustees to stop taking and paying out money; bank placed into liquidation/receivership following board action.
Newspaper Excerpt
THE FREEDMEN'S SAVINGS AND TRUST COMPANY received orders yesterday from the national board of trustees at Washington to stop taking in and paying out money. A Washington dispatch says it is understood that the bank there has suspended and gone into liquidation.
Source
newspapers
2. July 18, 1874 Other
Newspaper Excerpt
The Commissioners to settle up the affairs of the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company are busily engaged at Washington examining the books of the institution, and will, in the course of a few days, issue a circular to those interested, giving an approximate statement of what they expect to be able to do; and urging them not to sacrifice their claims ... when it is expected that nearly the whole amount of the claims will be paid.
Source
newspapers
3. October 5, 1874 Other
Newspaper Excerpt
The commissioners to settle the affairs of the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company wrote to a correspondent: It is impossible yet to say when the first dividend will be paid. They have now only $45,000 in the treasury, and $600,000 are required as the basis of a dividend of twenty per cent. In the present condition of the money market ... the collections are slow and very small; so that it will take a long time to raise sufficient funds to make such a dividend.
Source
newspapers
4. October 8, 1874 Receivership
Newspaper Excerpt
An adjourned meeting of the depositors of the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company, which recently suspended operations, was held ... Mr. Robert Purvis, one of the commissioners appointed to wind up the affairs of the bank, was invited to make a statement.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (14)

Article from Evening Star, July 2, 1874

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TELEGRAMS TO THE STAR. New York Notes. HOLIDAY IN THE STOCK BACHANGE. NEW YORK, July 2.-The governing committee of the SI( CK exchange adopted a resolution to Monday. adjourn over from Friday p. m. to 11 o'clock A FORGED BOND of the Central Pacific railroad was discovered in Wall street yesterday. It is thought it came from Europe. A HYDROPHOBIA PANIC. The morning papers devote much space to the sublect of hydrophobia at present agitating this community. Several persons are reported bitten yesterday, and a number of alleged rabid dogs were shot in the streets. THE FREEDMEN'S SAVINGS AND TRUST COMPANY received orders yesterday from the national board of trustees at Washington to stop taking in and paying out money. A Washington dispatch says it is understood that the bank there has suspended and gone into liquidation. IN THECASE OF GILL, tried for the murder of Mortimer Sullivan, the jury this morning were unable to agree and were discharged. The prisoner then, with the consent of the district attorney, pleaded guilty to murder in the second degree, and was sentenced to the state prison for life, with hard labor.


Article from Alexandria Gazette, July 2, 1874

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The Freedmen's Savings Bank. NEW YORK, July 2.-The Freedmen's Sayings and Trust Company received orders yesterday from the National Board of Trustees at Washington to stop taking in and paying out money. A Washington dispatch says it is understood that the bank there has suspended and gone into liquidation.


Article from The Daily Phoenix, July 4, 1874

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The suspension of the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company, in Washington City, will prove a severe blow to the colored people, who havealmost without exception, in the Sonthern cities, deposited their savings in these branches. It will serve to make these distrustful of all banks in future, no matter by whom or how well managed; and they will prefer to hoard their money where they know that it can't be stolen, unless by burglars. At New Albany, Ind., yesterday, M. C. Kerr was nominated for Congress from the Floyd County District. A very modest girl was heard to remark to her beau: "Ob! Mr. -, isn't it hot. I'm weeping all over!"


Article from New-York Tribune, July 18, 1874

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FINANCIAL NOTES. There were reports yesterday that arrangements had been made for the completion of the Chicago and Canada Southern Raitroad, and to this report was attributed the advance on the bonds. W. G. White, Cashier and Chief Clerk at the Sub-Treasury 111 this city, and Ac ing Assistant Treasurer in the absence of General Hillhouse, has been reappointed. The Controller of the Currency has declared a dividend of 35 per cent to the creditors of the late First National Bank of Petersburg, Va. This is the second dividend, and makes a total of 60 per cent. At a meeting of the general superintendents and general freight agents of all the railroads leading to the South-West, at Chicago on Thursday, it was decided not to poel the earnings, but to advance the pres 11 freight rates to south-western points 10 per ceat. opposition between the companies is now obviated, high rates will be obtained. Articles of association under the General Railroad law of New-Jersey were filed yesterday in the Secretary of State's office, at Trenton, for the construetion of the Timber Brook Railroad, to run from a point on the Morris and Essex Road at or near Port Oram, in Morris County, to a junction with the Green Pond Rillroad, at or near the mines of the Timber Brook Iron Mining Company, in Rockaway Township, Morris County. The length of the road 18 12 miles. The capital stock IS $200,000. The Commissioners to settle up the affairs of the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company are ousily eagaged at Washington examining the Cooks of the institution, and will. in the course of a few days, issue a circular to those interested, giving an approximate statement of what they expect to be able to do; and urging them not to sacritice their claims, but retain them, If possible, until the affairs of the institution can be arranged, when it is expected that nearly the whole amount of the claims will be paid.


Article from The Daily Phoenix, August 5, 1874

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COLUMBIA, D. C. ednesday Morning, August 5, 1874. The Lesson of the Freedmen's Bank. The Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company, at its inception, had about is some marks of interest and concern in the prosperity of the colored people. But these were either baits which were put in to allure and deceive from the first, or, being available for this purpose, were captured and turned against those whom they professed to protect. The institution soon took on $ party character, and was placed under the wing of the Government. Depositors were led to believe that the Government guaranteed the safety of their money. It became an engine for political purposes, and the funds which poured in freely from branches sll over the country were intended to the used, and were used, to promote objectswhich are foreign to the legitimate-business of a bank. What more natural than that the freedmen should Joek with confidence to an institution which sent forth circulars announcing that the company was "chartered by the Government of the United States on March 3, 1865?" The effect was to inspire the belief in their minds that the Government guaranteed the se. surity of the deposits. But it did not; itionly allowed its name to be used in this way. The bank sailed under Government colors, and the money came in freely. The branches were kept busy feeding the mother bank at Washington. Certain special allurements were devised to induce the money to flow thither with a rush. The bank promised to pay six per cent. interest on all sums deposited. Da some of the branch bank books, it was announced that deposits were payable on:demand-a promise which transact redeemed. But the use to smbich the deposits were put was worse, if anything, than the deceptions by which they were gained. A portion was invested in the bonds of the District of Columbia, and the remainder Zent 40 favored customers on doubtful security, and on mortgages of real estate not worth more than half of the Sean. The list which was published seme time ago looked like the seouridies on which the money of the Bank of the State has been lent here. It plainly had degenerated into, or developed into, a local machine, run by Shepherd and those connected with Inim in his disreputable government. Such a machine could not be wound up to run long, and the end came, and the colored depositors and supporters Hound out, too late, that something very like a swindle had been practiced sathem. The matter went before Congress, and the same disposition which had mained the bank manifested itself as to the mode of settling up its affairs. It was attempted to close it up by a slow and complicated method, which, taking it through the intricacies of courts, would afford a chance for further pickZags and spoils. Fortunately, the Seaste bill, which proposed to appoint a receiver, and would have distributed the property among the officers of the slaw and special commissioners, to the Retriment of the depositors, failed to pass the House. A bill was at last massed, which seeks to protect the remunt which is left of the colored man's money. It provides that all Auture deposits, until July 1, 1875, shall be held as special deposits, and repealed the dangerous feature of the sriginal charter, which required that the branches shall send all their money to Washington. This bill was devised and passed in the real interest of the freedmen, chiefly through the sagacity, Terseverance and love of right and fair play of two members of Congress from


Article from The Daily Phoenix, October 6, 1874

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lending its assistance to prevent damage to the country. There is a panio in the Stock Exchange in South American stock, in consequence of the insurrection in the Argentine States. The Scotia is proceeding up the channel for Liverpool, under sail, having her shaft broken. Four persons were burned to death during a fire in the town of Raisley, Scotland, last night. BERLIN, October 5.-The Prussian Bank has advanced its rate to five per cent. Telegraphic-Amertcan Matters. NEW YORK, October 5.-Henry Clews & Co. have decided, in fairness to their customers, to suspend, for a day or two, receiving of deposits, and have transferred the remittances recoived during the past few days to the custody of the Continental Bank and credit of those who remitted them. The firm do this as a prudential matter, though's much larger loan than the £100,000 already negotiated in London is expected in a few days. Theodore Tilton and Francis D. Moulton were' officially notified this morning of indictments found against them by the grand jury, for libel and slander against Mr. Beecher. The bail in each case was fixed at $3,000, which they will be required to furnish by to-morrow. BOSTON, October 5.-The steamer Flag, hence.for Charleston, is hard aground. A portion of the freight was discharged. It is hoped the next tide will float ber. SALT LAKE, October 5.-Brigham Young is better, but not yet safe. ST. LOUIS, Ostober The convention of chiefs of fire departments of the various cities met here, to-day. Many representatives of insurance companies are in attendance. The cases of the Atlantic and Pacific, Missouri, Facific, St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Missouri, Kan8a8 and Texas, and Chicago and Southeastern Railroads, which have been argued for several days before the United States Circuit Court, on an application for injuncti n to restrain Counties from collecting taxes on their property, has 80 far progressed that Judg Miller, yesterday, decided they should pay from 59 to 62 per cent. of the taxes levied on or before January 2, 1875. Otherwise, the temporary injunction granted by Judge Dillon would be dissolved. This payment will in no way be a recognition of the validity or légality of the vote of the State Board of Equalization; bu the Court decided that some taxes are due and must be paid before the Court will provide in other cases. WASHINGTON, October 5.-The General of the armies departs to night for Sr. Lonis. Official reports show that Pensacola is the only Southern port where yellow fever has secured a foothold. The Gulf ports are reported unusually healthy. Saville opened his National Theatre for the season, with Janauscheck, tonight, who is playing brilliantly to a brilliant audience. The commissioners to settle the affairs of the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company wrote to a correspondent: It is impossible yet to say when the first dividend will be paid. They have now only $45,000 in the treasury, and $600,000 are required as the basis of a dividend of twenty per cent. In the present condition of the money market, and on account of the high rates of taxation in the District of Columbia, the collections are slow and very small; 80 that it will take FL long time to raise sufficient fouds to make such 8 dividend. The approximate liabilities on 1st of July were 82 800 000 and the en 700 000


Article from New National Era, October 8, 1874

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Freedmen's Bank. Depositors' Meeting AH adjourned meeting of the depositors of the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company, which recently suspended operations, was held last night at Union Bethel Hall, on M, between Sixteenth and Seventeenth streets northwest, Professor J. P. Sampson in the chair, and Dr. S. R. Watts, secretary. The chairman again breitly stated the jeet of the meeting, after which Mr. Robert Purvis, one of the commissioners appointed to wind up the affairs of the bank, was vited to make a statement. He stated that he was present in obedience to the demands of a number of depositors, who had sent invitation to the commissioners of the bank to be in attendance. The institution had grown out of necessity to that class of sons known as the wards of the country, a great moral educator to infuse into people Amount Jo personddo Buoi os industry. THERE WERE SEVENTY THO SAND DEPOSI. SHOL in the bank, and at one time the deposits STUD '000'000'18 jouns the too much for the greedy eye of financiers, -SununH 4314M Jo Sup 1: 0008 oqm don, Cooke, and others were prominent members. He was present without consultation with his fellow commissioners, Messrs Leopold and Cresswell, and consequently represented no one but himself, but they were all anxious to settle up the affairs the bank as soon as possible, consistent with a proper regard to duty. -1830NI THE TIV AMO GIVd GVH A3HL of the bank, such as pledges, securities, &c. SUM am JO 100000 equal on JI Assets $6'868 sioners could have realized all that is presoup 891888 these Jo and am uodn seriod Sam inq **quao Jed 96 applip could realize 96 per cent, because of the expense in keeping up the different branches, which was necessary to obtain possession of the books. ACC. This expense aggregates about 100,000 позкцр 09 THEM уриош sun 1818 am after pun tinued. 3HL The money was invested in trust deeds securities, notes guaranteed by collaterals the shape of mortgages, or a sort of confessed judgment. The provisions of the bank iti sisted that upon all loans of this kind the curities should be double the amount loaned which had not as a rule been followed. much of the property was unwittingly taken by those who loaned the money at rates too high. The amount thus secured amounted "II 30 and 09 Apread '89'876' 108'8 01 amount of money deposited in the bank. of this ought to be secured, and as these loans were made chiefly by the actuary, had asked that official what would be the amount of loss by lending too much money on these securities, and he had replied about $20,000. He (the speaker) thought it would "LL retorn 'sdsqaad 'JO '000'01$ 01 junoture next were classed as available loans on sonal securities, and amounted to 8317, This had been based upon collaterals, of them V3HJ BOTHAW NO PARER 3111 HINOM LON 'NELLIHM 383M Among the latter may be classed the of $57,500 to the Seneca Stone Company whose securities were virtually worthless The loss by these securities would probably *000'078 01 The next was the realestate in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, which amounted to $444,635. from which source, however there would be no loss. The furniture of the bank at its different branches, such as safes, desks, &c., was present estimated as worth $40,287, amount which would be realized by a force sale. In District of Columbia securities the had invested 798, frem which there would be no loss. in Northern Pacific railroa элолф pinom yours '61'9968 puty 11 spuoq total loss. They were the bonds of Joj 811M edent pur TOD 28 Cooke state OS SUM uns 041 1541 nonumers SMIVIS (13/11) NP there was only $400 left. If the deposits all been invested in these securities the could all be paid in gold, and there would ou suject 20 100'18 Painted E SEAL There


Article from National Republican, December 11, 1874

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FREEDMEN'S SAVINGS AND TRUST COMPANY. The report of the commissioners appointed to wind up the affairs of the Freedman's bank will shortly be submitted to Congress. As each of the branches was really an individual bank, the work of the commissioners amounted to the settlement of the affairs of thirty-four banks. The report is a voluminous one, as the commissioners make a complete exhibit of the condition of the bank, giving a detailed statement of the amount and character of indebtedness and schedule of the assets. Large portions of these assets are not of a kind authorized by the charter, and considsiderable losses will be due to injudicious loans, made chiefly in the South. The indebtedness of the bank amounts to about $3,000,000, for which there are assets amounting on their face value to 96 per cent. The commissioners attempt no estimate of the real value of the assets, as that is a matter unascertainable, and which will greatly depend upon the mode of collection. All the readily-convertible assets were disposed of prior to the suspension of the bank, and other portions of the assets had been hypothecated, and the commissioners had to raise money to redeem them and save them from sacrifice. These facts indicate that the settlement of the affairs of the bank will be a tedious process, unless the interests of depositors are ruthlessly sacrificed in order to realize upon the assets. The commissioners have now about $90,000 deposited with the Secretary of the Treasury, and to make even a dividend of 20 per cent. to the 72,000 depositors of the bank would require $600,000.


Article from Evening Star, January 27, 1875

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EVENING STAR. Washington News and Gossip. on GRANT'S RECEPTIONS are and held lastSaturdays, MRS. commencing at three until five o'clock p. m. will ocing President's public receptions FebruaThe follows:-Tuesday evening, 23d, and will continue cur as evening, February eight to ry 2d; Tuesday on both evenings from ten State o'clock Dinners:- p.m. -Tuesday, January 26th; Tuesday, February 9th. from INTERNAL REVENUE-The receipts to-day were $316,787.73. this source ELECTION CASE democrat, of Ward, in THE CONTESTED against Harrison, district, has republican, Illinois Congressional withdrawing the 2d by the contestant been settled RECIPROCITY WITH CANADA Relations have AGAINST Committee on Foreign CanaThe Senate agreed to report adversely on the dian reciprocity treaty. A memoLITTLE TARIFF BILL York merTHE numerously signed by by New the President, chants rial has been received veto the little tariff bill. requesting him bill to was sent to him to-day from the The enrolled Senate for his signature VETEFOR MEXICAN WAR Pensions PENSIONS House Committee on will report Mexican RANS-The favorably a granting pensions war, of whom the to all survivors committee of the estimate there are twenty thousand. AttorPUBLISHED STATEMENT that upon the THE General Williams appeared the Me ney floor of the House yesterday is just incorrect. as The of the House this Garrahan Attorney General case came winter. has up, not been on the floor Attorney GenAT THE WHITE Senators HOUSE Harvey, Speneer, John Boreman, eral Williams, Logan and Dorsey Scofield and Represent and St atives had R. R. audience Butler, Sheets, with the President this morning. ORDERS On the recommendation Dallas ARTY Surgeon General, Surgeon duty at of the is temporarily assigned surgeon to and Bache Md., as attending A. Jones, examiner Baltimore, of recruits is Capt. ordered Wm. to report by corps of gineers, Secretary of the Treasury for duty às èus letter to the winear of the 6th light. house dls trict. FOLLOWING internal revenue Gaugers ap THE were made to-day: F. Crail pointments B. Buckner and Charles 10th Il Thrashly district of Kentucky; R Alabama; H. Gill, R A 5th linois; A. Y Kentucky Sharp, ist George F Ellis Ohio 32d Burnside, 8th Charles H. Davis, 8th 1st Virginia; New Storekeepers- York; Wm. R Kentucky; Dickey J. Dallen, George Robinson James 7th R. Hartsock 4th Iowa 3 1st Tennessee; RECORDS. General Orders 25, No FAMILY the War department, January prepare dian from rects:-' That chaplains of the accurate army record a book marriages, and enter therein baptismal and performed, funeral and serof all which they may have eivilians vices in future perform, service both for at the postsat may persons in the military stationed, or in the vicinity to which they are such particulars relative This thereof, with as may be of importance part of the book each case must of the be post, considered and will as be a subject to inrecords spection by inspecting officers." FREEDMEN'S BANK BILL.-The spent THE Committee on Finance have in Senate time considering the charter bill pending of the some the House amending and the Trust company the Freedmen's provisions is Savings of which since. were It published is designed in THE STAR the some interests days of the Committee depositors favor to protect dividends. The from the to facilitate number of petitions asking the bill. A before the Committee losses south Congress are to reimburse F depositors Freedmen's for Savings and Trust company by the failure of the There is no probability of this being done. CONFIRMATIONS. The Senate in follow- execusession yesterday confirmed the to be tive nominations: Joseph R. Lewis, of Washchief ing justice of the Samuel supreme C. court Wingard, to be of associate ington territory justice of the Samuel supreme R. court Harlow, Washington States territory. marshal for the Botsford, eastern to be Urited New York. James S. western district of States attorney for the to be to be United Missouri R H. Isabelle, James district of for New Orleans, La. Waldspension az ent be collector of customs at KenneA. Hall, to Me. J. W Sargent, do nominations at bunk, borough, Me Also, a number of of postmasters. The following are registered W. PERSONAL Willard's W. H. Coffin, H. S. New Wells, York; at S. H LeFarr and wife, J. H. Smith, California; G.J Luchy Pa.: Moore, D. D Wickersham, Collin, Pa.: Mrs. A Phila.;_A.G M. Phila. P. Miss New M York; Oakerman Henry Winsor London Phila Goodall, J.A. Wright, Phila. Lucian B G. Northory, Vespe, New C.L. Vanzant, Arrived N.Y at the Ebbitt Charleston to-day Haven. H. G Worthington, C.: Hon. W S General J. C Shailer, M Norfolk C. G Rodgen Major Judge W H. and Ellis, wife Miss S Va.; Hon. Henry Taylor Hon. H. F. Tarbox and B. Taylor, Indiana; General D. D. Smith wife, Batávia, N. J. Y.: M White, U.S. R. M Will N.Y.; Carleton, Captain Mich.; III. Commodore Hon. J. B. Wass, C. L Stephenson, Paymaster Galena, H Read, S.N. Gov and wife, N. Y. N.Y O.P. Hebert, La. Judge James Hickey ELECTION OF PRESIDENT AND VICEThe House voted yesterday PRESIDENT on the question of making the afternoon presidential 1 term six years, and favor while of there the was a majority was of defeated; thirty in a two-third vote of proposition, it The vote on the adoption being required was 134 to 104. the resolution of Elections of the House to The presented Committee two reports with reference have the mode of election for President report changing Vice-President The majority reported and the same features as that the exembodies Morton in the Senate, with made the by Mr that the Supreme Court is and the ception for counting the votes, the tribunal thereof are made ineligible to justices President and Vice- President the office of minority report provides that the people, elecThe be by a direct vote of aggregate tion shall counting the votes the divided by and in vote in each state shall be popular of


Article from Evening Star, July 9, 1875

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ous, (appeal), nolle pros. The grand jury recommended the discharge of the following prisoners, which was ordered accordingly: William Hart and John O'Day. larceny; William Garey, false pretenses; Willie Rouser. assault and battery with intent to kill; West Jordan, burglary. The case of Campbell agt. American Popular Life Insurance company was resumed this morning. Martha Bell, committed to jail May 11th for infanticide in killing her infant child, was discharged on the recommendation of the grand jury. CIRCUIT COURT-Judge Humphreys. Yesterday, Second National Bank of Leavenworth, Kansas, vs. Smoot et al.; verdict for plaintiff for $7.000. Arm. strong. Cator & Co. vs. John Enders; judg ment for amount admitted in plea. To-day, Brown agt. Burk: verdict for plaintiff $510. Patch agt. Scott; on trial. EQUITY COURT-Judge Wylie. To-day, Grant agt. Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company; bond of receiver approved. Fant agt. Dufief; do. Hurst agt. Fry; decree confirming auditor's report and appointing trustee. Keller agt. Everett; do. Berger agt. Berger; order of reference to examiner. Lewis agt. Lewis; do. In re. C. G. Farr; order appointing W. M. Sefton committee. Pippert agt. English; decree pro confesso. Stanton, receiver, agt. Hunt; order postponing sale. Abbott agt. Gray; testimony published. Bundy agt. Lucas; decree confirming sale nisi and order of reference. McCalla agt. Ward; order appointing guardian ad litem. Larner agt. Gideon; order for distribution. POLICE COURT-Judge Snell. To-day, Robert Thomas was charged with keeping a vicious dog which bit Eldridge Turner; dog ordered to be killed. Si Waters, disorderly conduct; 85. James Green for. feited collateral. Robert H. Smith, same. Ellen Clinch, a vagrant, was sent down. Lizzie Robinson and Sarah Clark, loud; $10 each. Minnie Langdon, a prostitute and vagrant, was sent down. Theresa Thompson, disorderly conduct and vagrancy, sent down for thirty days. A. Davis, for obstructing street; $3. Nelson Warren, colored, indecent exposure-a most aggravated case; $100 or ninety days in jail. Jos. Spears, charged with cruelly beating a horse with a club; $20 and costs-appeal taken. Leopold Weis. for trespassing upon a park, was fined 85. A. Rozin, assault on Sarah Shriftgeiser; $5. John Warren, charged with assault and battery with intent to kill Catherine Thoma; grand jury. Betsey Temple. assault on Emeline West; continued. Leopold Weiss was fined $5 for washing his dog in the fountain on K street. A CASE OF JEALOUSY. Malvina Massey, charged with threats to Lewis Davis, husband of Henrietta Davis. This seems to be a first-class case of jealousy. The testimony developed the fact that Lewis, a rather dandy colored man, made the acquaintance of Malvina Davis, tall, with lustrous eyes, with whom he became intimate in Chicago, she promising to become his wife. He came to Washington and seeing Henrietta, a bright and rather geod-looking mulatto, was smitten with, wooed, and married her. Malvina followed her truant lover, and finding she could not retain the affections of Lewis, has frequently threatened both him and his new wife, to whom he was married last Wednesday night. Lewis produced some letters which Malvina had written to him, in which threats were made to go for him in case he married Henrietta. Malvina, in the dock, eyed Lewis closely while he gave testimony, when she told the court that instead of making positive threats she only said what ought to be done to Lewis for doing her so dirty a trick as he had done her. The court saw how it was, and took Malvina's personal bond to keep the peace on Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Davis. ALL SORTS. Nicholas Casaco, and


Article from The Morning Star and Catholic Messenger, October 3, 1875

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Publication Office-No. 116 Poydras street, corner of Camp. "HOW BE VOLUME VIII. Term and in favor of a speedy retarnto specie string Star and Catholic Messenger. payment The mills at Fall River opened on the 27th to give the strikers. numbering NEW ORLEA SS. SUNDAY OCTOBER 3. 1875. 15,000, a chance to go to work. A large oumTELEGRAPHIC SUMMARY. ber availed themselves of heapportunity and since then daily every mill has gained hands. FOREIGN. THE HERALD STANLEY EXPEDITION-Some months ago the New York Herald sent H. M. ROME.- The Pope has appointed Mgr. Diaz Bishop of St. Christopher, Caba. Cardinal Stanley, the discoverer of the longlost Livingston, to find the sources of the Nile. On the McCloskey took possession of the Church of Sancta Maria Supra Minerva on the 30th Sept. 27th the Herald received advices from Stanley, He entered the Church with thirty Dominican dated village of Kagehiji. district of MetramFathers and several prelates and, after a short bra, March 1st, and May 15. He had reached Victoria Nyarza Lake, having accomplished prayer, seated himself in the Episcopal chair. the remarkable march of 720 miles in 103 days. IRELAND.-Cor Sept. 28.-The river rose Dering the journey he passed through a totally several feet, inundating a portion of the city new country, much forest and jongle, where and flooding the country for miles around. he suffered from honger and attacks from the Accounts of floods come from other parts of Irenatives for several days. A fight resulted in land. The damage to the crops in Longford, the loss of twenty-one of his followers. Kerry and Tipperary is said to be enormous. MISCELLANEOUS. BAVARIA-Munich, Sept. 29.-The UltramonVery Rev. P.B. O'Connor, V. G., dicoese of tane (Catholic and National) party have elected the President, Vice President and other officers Vincennes, is dead. The Washington Board of the Bavarian Diet by a majority of two. of Health declares that wooden pavement, of which that city has 60 miles, engenders dis GERMANY.-The London Pall Mall Gazette ease. Madame Titiens, the Prima Donna, has the following: Dean Susezinsky has joined and Chas. Bradlaugh, the British Radical, the Old Catholics and married. The Old Caarrived in New York on the 25th alt. There tholics were thus obliged to decide the quesare $373,941,124 legal tender notes in circulation in regard to priests marrying, and decided tion. The City of Berlin recently made the affirmatively. The Government has resolved trip from Queenstown to New York in 7 days 12 to protect Dean Sasezinsky in the enjoyment hours and 2 minutes, the fastest time on reof his temporal ties. The Emperor has gone cord. The Third Avenue savings bank, New to Baden-Baden. He goes from there to Italy York, has suspended. It had 8,000 depositors on the 10t h inst. to whom $1,340,000 are due. Mr. W. C. DurENGLAND-Early in the past week a great yea, of New York, has failed. Liabilities $3,storm passed over England. Accounts from 557 500 nominal assets, $921,518; real assets, the Northern part report great damage to $114,127 Columbus Delano, Secretary of property. Theinjary to Liverpool is immense, the Interior for six years, and now under the nearly every building in the city having sufmost serious charges of peculation in office, fered some damage. has tendered Lis realguation and Grant has FRANCE.-Le Temps confirms the report that accepted it. The commissione rsofthe Freedthe Government has determined to make the men's Savings and Trust Company, will comadoption of the system of voting by arronmence paying a dividend of twenty per cant. dissements. instead of departments, a Cabinet on all audited claims on the 1st of November question. It adds that President McMabon next, at their office in Washington, upon declared at a Cabinet meeting that he could be presentation of pass books or other evidences RO longer in favor of immediate dissolution of of indebtedness.


Article from The New York Herald, April 24, 1876

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teller at the time, drew $1,050 on forged notes, and Wilson, the late cashier, indorsed two of them. The bank loaned $33,000 to the Young Men's Chris- tian Joint Stock Company. The Young Men's Christian Association owns about $15,000 worth of the stock out of $200,000 worth issued for the building, which, with the exception above stated, was held by different par- ties. A mortgage, or deed of trust, was given to secure the loan on the property of the Young Men's Christian Association. At the time the loan was made it was supposed to be good, and it would have been good if the title had been good. This was the testimony of G. W. Stickney, who succeeded Colonel Eaton as actuary. C. B Purvis gave the following testimony:- Q. Do you know anything of a transaction between Stickney and a man named Boyle? A. After Jay Cooke & Co. failed we had in our bank $650,000 of cur- rency sixes and other bonds, amounting altogether to over $800,000; to meet the run made upon us we had to sell our bonds; the trustees met every two or three days and authorized the executive officers of the bank, the president, with his actuary, to sell bonds, $100,000 or so, at a time; the president went to New York to sell some of the bonds, and, it seems, without any authority whatever, Mr. Stickney sent Mr. Boyle to Baltimore to selt some of the bonds; this I have only got from our inspector, Mr. Sperry; it was hard to sell these bonds because they were of $1,000 denomination; if they had been $100 bonds we could have sold them readily; afterward my father asked me in regard to a loan to Boyle, and I told him that we had never made any such loan; on inquiring into it I found that Mr. Stickney, even when we were in such a state in the bank that we had sold every bond except $500, simply on the pretext that Boyle had done the bank good service had loaned him $21,000, on which we had no security; on the strength of that I called the trustees together for the purpose of asking them to remove Mr. Stickney from the trusteeship, which he had acquired under the law of June, 1870; I there mentioned the matter, and Mr. Leipold contradicted my statement that Stickney had loaned the money in the way I have mentioned, but he made this extraordi- nary statement, that Mr. Boyle had sold bonds for the bank at different times, and that every time he had retained some of the money, so that in the aggre- gate he owed the bank the amount of $21,000, and that then, to cover up the transaction, Stickney took this note from him, but put it in the shape of a loan. Boyle has never rendered any account to the bank of the amount of bonds that were put into his hands by Stickney. Of that transaction, however, none of the bank officers proper except Stickney had any knowl- edge. Q. This note of Boyle's, according to Mr. Leipold's statement, was given by Boyle to the bank? A. Yes. Q. And Stickney took security for it on a house and lot? A. I believe he afterward got security on a whole row of unfinished houses, which houses were encum- bered by various kinds of liens, and which houses have been sold since and purchased by Mr. Stickney; the bank never realized a dollar out of that $21,000 loan and never will. Q. Was there not another loan made on representa- tions of Mr. Alexander R. Shepherd? A. It appears in the report of the Commissioners that Mr. Vandenburgh owes a large amount; these loans never came directly before the Board of Trustees, or, at least, a very few of them did; the Actuary, in reading his report to the Board, would say, "City securities (naming the class), so much invested;" some members of the Finance committee, including Moses Kelly, the Sinking Fund Commissioner, were very earnest in the defence of these securities, and Mr. Kelly invested largely in that kind of security for his own bank-the National Bank of the Metropolis; I was very much opposed to it, as I was opposed to everything connected with the Board of Public Works; Mr. Stickney stayed at my house, and, talking with me one day, he said he had never done a wrong thing in the bank except letting Vandenburgh have a large sum of money one night; I asked him how much; I think he said $30,000; that perfectiy astonished me, so I "went into" him and questioned him very closely, thinking that I would have occasion to recollect it and use it: he said that Vandenburgh came to him wanting some money to pay off his hands that night, and that Shepherd said "Vandenburgh's accounts are approved;" (this was on Saturday night); "I will pay you on Monday if you let him have the money;" Stickney said that he would let him have the money, and he did let him have it; afterward he went day after day to see Mr. Shepherd and could not see bim; when he did see him Mr. Shepherd was more forcible than polite, and told him that he was in a damned hurry to get that money; subse- quently Mr. Shepherd said to him, "If you do business in that kind of a loose way you are a damned fool," and that he told the truth; this is what Mr. Stickney says about the matter, and I presume he is to be be- lieved on that point. Q. Who is the solicitor of the Commission? A. Mr. Enoch Totten; although Mr. Leipold's name appears on the docket as associated with him in these bank cases, he never appears in the courts in these suits. Q. Then he and Totten are associated professionally? A. Yes, sir. Q. Did not Mr. Totten make a collection for the bank and offer to Mr. Leipold half of his fee? A. I can only answer that in this way:-Mr. Sperry came and told me that Mr. Leipold came to him and said, "Totten has offered me so much money (I think $700, or half of what he received), had I better take it?" "No," said Sperry "you must not take it;" Leipold came to him subsequently and said that ne did not take it, but after that his name appears with Totten's; Sperry can swear to these facts; the only hesitation I have in making this statement is that Leipold is rather a vindictive man and as Mr. Sperry is a very poor man Leipold might remove him; in fact he has been wanting to re- move him ever since he told him about this offer. It further appears that Leipold sought to buy the bauk books of depositors, after the bank's failure, at a nominal figure and practise as an attorney. He stated to Purvis that he could then make more money than the salary he received as commissioner. As the settle- ment of the affairs of the institution is practically in the hands of Mr. Leopold, an effort is being made to have him removed, and hence the proposition in the House yesterday, offered by Mr. Bradford, a member of the Investigating Committee, requiring and authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to appoint, without unneces- sary delay, a good and competent man to take charge of and wind up the affairs of the Freedmen's Savings and Trust Company. During the existence of the Freedmen's Bank from $50,000,000 to $60,000,000 passed through the principal bank and its branches, The committee say the failure was from bad manage- ment, and the frauds began at the commencement and continued to the end. # UNFOUNDED CHARGES AGAINST THE DOOR- KEEPER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Charges of arson against Colonel Fitzhugh, door- keeper of the House of Representatives, are revived both privately and in print. Two indictments were found against him in Kentucky in 1871, alleging arson, but


Article from The Times, March 9, 1899

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MUCH MONEY FOR THE NEGROES Freedmens' Bank Depositors to Get Their Claims. GILES JACKSON AS A LOBBYIST. He Says the Work of Pushing a Bill Through Both Houses of Congress is a Great Undertaking-Is Try- ing to Get Hold of Pass Books If everything moves along smoothly and those who have the matter in charge don't run against any snags many thou- sands of dollars will be distributed among Richmond negroes, At the present writing there is every indication that a little po- litical pull may produce more happiness among a large number of colored cla m- ants than was ever seen at a country cir- cus or inside the limits of a watermelon patch of a hot afternoon in midsummer. There is a story, and it is a narrative of patience and hope, discouragement and anue.pat.on, lo..ging and covetousness such as seldom combine to furnish ma- teral for inancial items on the stock market page. Away back in reconstruc- tion days, when the negroes had just been set free and didn't have any idea as to what to do with any little funds they might accumulate, there was established what was known as the Freedmen's Sav- ings and Trust Company. This was under the government banking regulations, and it was understood among the negroes throughout the South that the govern- ment was partially responsible for the soundness of the same. WERE GLAD TO DEPOSIT. Now, the negroes at that time in the South knew about as much on the sub- ject of trust companies as they did about the Assyrian language or the Chinese tariff. They had great faith in the finan- cial standing of a government, however, which could ove power the Confederacy, and so they were induced to deposit their savings in the concern without much ar- gument. The bank had branches in many parts of the country, and there were many depositors from Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia and the Guif States, Arkansas, Tenéssee, Kentucky, Missouri, Pennsyl- vania, Maryland, District of Columbia, and other places. Among the Virginia depositors were a large number from Alexandria, Lynchburg, Norfolk and Richmond. The total number of depositors at the 1'me the company went to pieces in 1874 were 61,131, to whom the e was due $2,- 929,925.22. Since the failure of the com- pany five dividends have been declared, as follows: 1-2 per cent., Nov. 1, 185$.....$ 587.985 01 2-1 per cent.. March 20, 1878.... 29.902 62 3-10 per cent., Sept. 1, 1880..... 293.962 52 4-15 per cent., June 1. 182. 440.958 78 6-7 per cent., May 12, 18:3 (final) 206,74 76 Aggregating 62 per cent., and amounting 10 $1,822,763 62 Of this amoun, there was ca led for and paid $1,678,259 49 This left unpaid and barred by act o Congress February 17, 18si, $154.494.13. Of this amount there was revived by act of February 17, 1883, $11.481.10. Of this there was paid $10.735.88, leaving uncalled for on December 4, 1597, 36,746,22. GILES AS A LOBBYIST. So much for the statement of the com- pany affairs up to a comparatively re- cent date. A meeting was held in Charleston, S. C., and Giles Jackson, the negro lawyer, of Richmond, was en- dorsed by a large number of depositors in his efforts to get the matter before Congress and have the claims paid in fuli, Jackson is the counsel for the claimants, and for quite a while has been engaged in lobbying through Congress a bill to pay off all the de, itors in tull. He has appointed agents in all the South- ern citice to examine the claimants' papers and report to him. Giles had a rather hard time during his work on the case.. Lobbying was a now line of work to him. and quite dif- ferent from defending clients in the Po- lice Court in Richmond. "Those Northern congressmen don't know nothin' 'bout how to treat niggers," sald he yesterday. "They don't like us colored foks nohow. Southern congress- mon gives us heap better showing. When I sent my card to them congressmen from up North, Jest as soon as they knowed I was a nigger they took and sent me word they was excused. And so Senator Daniel and Captain Lamb was the only ones what helped me lobby the bill through." Both Houses have passed the bill to pay off the claimants, and the President attached nis signature which made the measure a law. Apou: $81,500 have already been paid to Richmond (laimants, and several thou- sand more remain to be paid. A bg anussmeeting will soon be called here at True Reformers' Hall to have the condi- ion of affairs explained, and the details set forth. HIS FEES. "And you will get some snug commis- sions?" was asked Giles Jackson. "Well, you see," sald he, "I am these Folks' counsel in the matter, and lemme tell you I been a workin' hard on this here bus'ness. I spent six thousand dol- ars on it, and if you could a seen me lobbying the bill through you would a seen wnat difficulties I had to contend with. Now, of course, I get a per cent. for my services in the matter" And then he looked serious and added: "This here thing of shoving a bill through both of them Houses is a great big undertaking. But we got her through, and now them claimants what's got traightforward claims will git their money soon." WANT THE PASS BOOKS. A special to The Times from Washing- ton last night says: While at the Treas- ury Department yesterday Giles Jackson made strenuous efforts to have himself appointed agent to collect the pass books of the depositors of the Freedmans Sav- ings and Trust Company. He didn't sne Comptroller Dawes, as he has long since earned to know the face of Jackson and promptly turns him over to one of the clerks. Giles is understood to have a number of the pass books in his posses- sion. Comptroller of the Currency Dawes, has issued a circular in which he in- tructs claimants that all that is neces- ary is for them to enclose their pass books to him, giving a return address. and send the letter by registered mail addressed to the Comptroller of the Cur- ency, Treasury Department, Washing- ton. If the books show that the claimant has not received five payments or 62 per cent, of the whole amount, the balance up to sixty-two per cent. wili be remitted.


Article from The Houston Daily Post, July 4, 1899

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JO V END DISGRACE. THE Washington, D. C., June 28.-The old building of the department of justice will razed in a few days. The effects of to the be attorney general have been removed Ex-Senator Palmer's former residence. The edifice from which the department of justice migrated has a history of romance and injustice. The Freedmen's Bureau came into existence during the early days of reconstruction. Its inception was from a fond parental idea that the freed slaves, and espe158no 'JUM aq: u) 148noj oum 0804) ***** have some one to care for their money and to were established at Beaufort of Norfolk. Agencies Then came the organization Freedmen's Saving and Trust company, of the with afty trustees or directors, most among men of National reputation. Culthem being Peter Cooper and William them Bryant. Headquarters were established len Washington, and this buildingw as tere at Washington, and this building was at erected at a cost of half a million dollars. It was fraudulently constructed. It was unsafe. When the Freedmen's bank falled. ten its after its organization, this part of isnf V 101 quemuniques am 01 pios SUM Fears assets quarter of a million. and the scene of a crime became the seat for the dispensation of the highest judicial opinion. With the firm establishment of the bank the broadest opportunities were afforded to the freedmen of the country to deposit $ their savings. Auxiliary banks were put in operation in New York, Baltimore and Philadelphia, and no less than thirty-four agencies were scattered throughout of the South. Money poured into the coffers 3 uondunsss -01 us SEM 11 JOJ aq: that the credit of the whole Union was d -PE leasion puv sig us POALOA d ministration. During the ten years of its existence there were on the books upwards E -28 supeded our puw depositors, 000'02 jo 0 gregated more than $50,000,000. prosedent our SUM рламон O o Request H was a man of the highest Christian M u) companyee рец эполодо put Chargeter 9H at his abilities and probity The late FredE erick Douglass was another of the high 1) officials of the institution, and his name p understand colored our 01 U SEM of the States. = S All the secrets of the operations of the 0 bank will never be known. but a strange 8 -asom B иецм 1870 UI ssed 01 aureo Soiqi $ ment WES made in congrese to amend the th charter of the bank to permit investment V of the funds in real estate. The charter at had provided for Investment only in govU ernment or other easily negotiable securties, whose stability could not be questH tioned. When the proposition was made to give the managers the legal privilege th 11 Teal u; 10 10 was easily recognized that there was lit18 erally a "nigger in the woodpile." 10 P 10 -18 Sentetor 10 credit out 01 #1 71 up mon Cameron, who had come forth from 111 sujuiemos THM JEM our 10 eq: 13 H more than the smell of fire on his garM ments, that he warned the senate and as MIEW starts pinom dais . yons 1841 asnoq by the beginning of the end of the Freedmen's of JOAD had 04 SE SV RUEQ en on any subject, he inveighed against 119 the granting of this privilege, telling of 4 - UI 1841 banks HIM experiente UMO siq 4L vested in real estate, and found it impossu sible to realize on their holdings in time 101 of distress. He made the plain prediction pri Taxt JOJ OZUJO eq: 10 presente our u; :Rq IM estate investment, the fictitious values BA hat were quoted by reason of certain con1111 litions brought about by the existing Disrict government, there would unqestionhe ably be made bad investments and that fuj he institution would surely be banrupted. q The lobby in support of the measure was IM stronger than any warning of wisdom or 08 experience. The circle of real estate spec101 -do uu ueqa $141 up 200118 41 portunity is presented for a large investnent or government or banking funds, 10 was at that time in its first mature bloom eq: jo moneys ISUA eq: 01 puu TODIA pu "reedmen's Savings and Trust company 18 sale JO enuore 041 MES year ront. Te punoj SUM 11 emm short ] UE uI hat the bank was crippled. Within four ears after the solemn warning uttered res y Senator Cameron, the doors of the big (so rown stone front across the avenue from he treasury department closed, and tens OR f thousands of poor depositors who had cat laced all their savings there were plunged to distress. IVI At the time of the failure there were he ore than 000 depositors, and there was IM 10 skip esort uI them on our 1841 peounouve SEM # when 1874 'aun ank had failed there was gloom among uo Country em 10 en seandal 10 sections 10 pue ou pu here. General Howard was investigated, OH AUE JO incoment punor SEM eq in legal obliquity. 4L Nobody was found worthy of blame! It nq as a time of panic. Many banking insti101 11 puq pilos eq 01 pasoddne stropt 10 "HoM SW Injury 10 polied " SV 109 church circles, the Tilton Beecher af110 su 01 Jabble social em shaken peq in bundation. The Boss" Twoed revelaon ons were at the front. Pacific railroad 101 riberies, salary grab. safe burglary, dis108 ict government affairs were on the pubcq tongue throughout the country. The failure of the Freedmen's bank was 101 nly one of many sensations that shook