19837. Farmers & Merchants Bank (Aiken, SC)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run Only
Bank Type
state
Start Date
October 15, 1931
Location
Aiken, South Carolina (33.560, -81.720)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
c62ff9f8

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals

Description

The articles describe the failure/closure of the Bank of Western Carolina which provoked a short, small run on the Farmers & Merchants Bank in Aiken. Farmers & Merchants remained open, repelled the brief withdrawals, and business returned to normal. Dates derived from newspaper publication (run happened the morning the Western Carolina failed, reported Oct 16, 1931; other report references the same Thursday).

Events (1)

1. October 15, 1931 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Run triggered by failure/closure of the Bank of Western Carolina and general alarm among depositors in town and county.
Measures
Remained open; president prepared with a large surplus of cash on hand; bank served public and deposits later increased.
Newspaper Excerpt
The Farmers and Merchants Bank opened as usual for business, and weathered a small run during the first two hours.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (2)

Article from Aiken Standard, October 16, 1931

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

WESTERN CAROLINA BANK CLOSES DOORS Entire Western Section of State Severely Effected by Failure of Large Institution. IN EXAMINER'S HANDS Directors Hold Meeting Yesterday Thorough Audits Will Be Made. F. & M. Bank Doing Business. Consternation and dismay reigned Aiken and Aiken County yesterday morning when the Bank of Western Carolina, with nine branches in Barnwell, Blackville, Salley, Ellenton, Wagener, North Johnston, Lexington and Batesburg and with total deposits of $2,641,211.12, failed to open its doors for business. The Bank of Graniteville, the majority stock of which owned by the Bank of Western Carolina, also failed to Posted on the doors of the head office in Aiken and of the branch banks was the following statement from W. B. Turner, president: "Due to heavy withdrawals of deposits, the shrinkage of the value of securities, the impossibility of making loans, and for the purpose of conserving our assets and protecting all depositors, I, W. B. Turner, as president of the Bank of Western Carolina. after long consultation with our local finance committee, with the State Banking Department, and with our attorneys, have placed this bank in the hands of the State Bank Examiner." Accompanying this was a notice signed by Albert S. Fant, state bank examiner, in which he stated he had taken over the affairs of the bank for thirty days. The news quickly spread about town and large groups of persons directly and indirectly affected, gathered to discuss the situation: Business, though temporarily stunned, soon began to move however. the first shock of surprise had passed. The Farmers and Merchants Bank opened as usual for business. and weathered a small run during the first two hours. Later in the day. however, with the general atmosphere less strained. the bank's business began to get back to normal. More money, it was stated. was taken in than was drawn out. as the business people and displayed their confidence in its solidarity. The Bank of Western Carolina directors held a meeting early yesterday morning. Two representatives from the bank examiner's office were present, and told the directors that a thorough audit would be made at once determine the exact financial status the parent bank and the branches, that in about two weeks a meetof the stockholders would be callbe presented the facts. he general consensus of opinion is' the Bank of Western Carolina should be able to liquidate and that situation may not be as bad as it seem. The entire western section of the state, however, has been severely eflected by the bank's closing, and word rom the other towns where the pranches were located was anything jut optimistic. Barnwell County was left without a bank. as the Williston bank, to protect its depositors. closed 0 avoid any heavy withdrawals. The statement of condition of the Bank of Western Carolina as of Sepember 29 appears in another column of the paper.


Article from Aiken Standard, October 21, 1931

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

BANK OF WESTERN CAROLINA CLOSED DOORS ON THURSDAY Failure due to Shrinkage of the Value of Securities and Impossibility to Make Collections. The Bank of Western Carolina, often spoken- with pride by the citizens of the city as one of the best banking institutions in the state, closed on Thursday, and with it went its branches at Barnwell, Blackville, Salley, Ellenton, Wagener, North Augusta, Johnston, Batesburg and Lexington. The failure has caused sorrow, and has brought ruin to many people. The Bank of Graniteville, the majority of which was owned by the Bank of Western Carolina, also failed to open. When the bank ended the day's business on Wednesday no one thought that that was it's last day's business. During the early morning the following notice was posted on the door, and soon attracted large crowd. The notice was signed by the president, W. B. Turner, and read as follows: "Due to heavy withdrawals of posits, the shrinkage of of securities, the impossibility of making collections, and for the purpose of conserving our assets and protecting all depositors, I. W. B. Turner, as president of the Bank of Western Carolina, after long consultation with our local finance committe, with the State Banking Department. our attorneys. have placed this bank in the hands of the State Bank Examiner." Accompanying this was notice signed by Albert S. Fant, State bank examiner, in which he stated he had taken over the affairs of the bank for thirty days. The statement published in the showed total resources of $3,606.353.75. and deposits of $2,641,211.12. The failure has been a heavy loss to this county with four branches and several thousand people have suffered The directors held a meeting on Thursday morning. They went on record as favoring an economical plan to liquidate the affairs of the bank. A resolution was adopted proposing to the depositors to cmplay n receiver nt $3,000 per year. and an attorney that was to be cmplayed by contract. In this way large sum would be saved the depositors. It was stated yesterday at the head office that possibly some statement would be given to the public next week. and ns soon as possible meeting of stockholders would be called to elect receiver. The bank was founded in 1887 as the Bank of Aiken. with capital of $30,000. In 1906 it consolidated with the Peoples Bank. retaining the name of Bank of Aiken. In the Bank of Wes tern Carolina with four branches. and it has stendily grown until it now has nine branches. F. & M. Bank Served Public The Farmers and Merchants bank faced this crisis in splendid style. There a small run on the bank Thursday morning but this continused only short President J. P. McNair prepared for any contingency. and had large surplus of cash on hand. The confidence in this bank is unshaken. and each day their deposits have increased and they are serving the public well.