Merchants & Farmers National Bank (Charlotte, NC)

Episode Information

Episode UID
178101144
Episode Type
Suspension โ†’ Closure
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
17810 national
Charter Number
1781
Start Date
April 23, 1895
Location
Charlotte, North Carolina (35.227, -80.843)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
db497975880e54d2

Response Measures

None

Receivership Details

Depositor recovery rate
100.0%
Date receivership started
1934-07-24
Date receivership terminated
1937-11-30
Share of assets assessed as good
66.7%
Share of assets assessed as doubtful
17.2%
Share of assets assessed as worthless
16.1%

Description

Long-running embezzlement in 1895 and later 1934 restriction/receivership; 1933 item appears to be routine holiday closing.

Events (7)

1. February 1, 1871 Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2. April 23, 1895 Other
Newspaper Excerpt
Cashier J. R. Holland, of the Merchants and Farmers' National Bank, of Charlotte, is a defaulter to the amount of $60,000 or more; his peculations have been carried on for eight years past.
Source
newspapers
3. January 1, 1933 Suspension
Cause
Government Action
Cause Details
Banks closed for a holiday (New Year's/Monday holiday) as listed in bank notice.
Newspaper Excerpt
Monday, January ... the following banks be closed ... Merchants & Farmers National
Source
newspapers
4. June 30, 1934 Suspension
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Bank was placed 'restricted' and plans to reorganize failed; insolvency/liquidity problems prompted restriction and proposed liquidation.
Newspaper Excerpt
No reported yesterday movement liquidate Merchants National and the Indepen... the proposed new bank failed; Merchants Farmers bank ... restricted
Source
newspapers
5. July 24, 1934 Receivership
Source
historical_nic
6. July 24, 1934 Receivership
Newspaper Excerpt
James Stokes, conservator the Merchants and Farmers National bank of Char probably will receive appointment position the Charlotte office of the Reconstruction Finance corp... reports said friends are advocating for appoint...
Source
newspapers
7. August 19, 1934 Receivership
Newspaper Excerpt
K. Dorsett, in charge of the bank receiver and liquidating agent, ... dividend would be paid to creditors of the closed Merchants and Farmers bank ... Dorsett says M. And F. dividend not possible by September 15
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (13)

Article from The Progressive Farmer, April 30, 1895

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Article Text

A SENSATION IN CHARLOTTE. Cashier Holland, of the Merchants and Farmers' Bank a Defaulter to the Amount of $80,000--His Peculations Running for Years. CHARLOTTE, N. C., April 23.-Cashier J. R. Holland, of the Merchants and Farmers' National Bank, of Charlotte, is a defaulter to the amount of $60,000 or more. Bank Examiner Miller has been here for several days and says he will remain for at least two weeks longer. It was he who discovered the defalcation. Mr. Holland's peculations have been carried on for eight years past, and he has managed till the last few day to hide them from discovery. The exact amount of them is not yet fully known. No man in Charlotte has in the past been held higher in regard or been more fully trusted than Mr. Holland, and the whole city was greatly sur prised and shocked to hear of his embezzlement. He has not yet been placed under arrest, at the request of directors of the bank, he agreeing to waive an examination in case proceedings are begun against him. He has never made the slightest effort to escape. Week before last Bank Examiner Miller stopped at Gastonia on his way to Charlotte. He examined the National Bank there thoroughly, and knew every bank with which it had an account or money loaned. He found that bank in good condition and came on to Charlotte. The first day he spent at the Merchants and Farmers' bank he discovered on looking over Cashier Holland's books, where he had a loan of $5,000 marked to the Gastonia bank. He called Mr. Holland up and asked if that was correct. He aid yes. Mr. Miller made a mental note of the fact. He next proceed to look over the casb. He found it short just one dollar. That was easily accounted for and paid That night Mr. Miller left. No one asked where he was going, but supposed he was through his examination and gone elsewhere on the same errand. He had gone, but only to return. He took the 10:40 o'clock train for Gas tonia, rung up Mr. Jenkins, the President of the bank, and told him he wanted to look over his books again. Mr. Jenkins wondered what was up, but said little. He and Mr. Miller spent the night going through the books. No loan 0 $5,000 to the Mer chants and Farmers' bank was found. Mr. Miller said: You have loaned the Merchants and Farmers' bank, of Charlotte, $5,000 of which there is no record.' "No," said Mr. Jenkins, "I havenot." Tnat was the beginning of the end. Mr. Miller said nothing more, but came back to Charlotte the next day. He appeared at the Merchants and Farmers' bank and said to Mr. Holland, that he might have made a mistake in courting the cash the day before, and believed he would count it again. Instead of finding it only one dollar short, he found $16,000 short. Mr. Holland, as was his custom, had borrowed $16,000 to put to his cash while the exam iner was here, but thinking he had finished and departed, and that he was safe at least for another year. he withdrew the $16,000 and returned it to the party from whom he borrowed it. Seeing that all was lost, he confessed to President McAden that he was a de faulter and the sad story of his fall be came known. The Merchants and Farmers' bank is perfectly safe, having a sufficient re serve fund to cover all losses. LATER -Holland assured the bank officials that he would stand his ground. They trusted him. Oa Tuesday night he disappeared as effectually asif theearth had swallowed him up. It has since developed that he was a forger, as well as defaulter. The amount of the shortage is now over $80,000 and still grow. ing It was reported Saturday that Holland has been located.


Article from The Greenville News, February 14, 1930

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Article Text

Bank Of Chesnee In Examiner's Hands SPARTANBURG, Feb. The Bank of Chesnee, of Chesnee, 20 miles northwest of here placed its affairs in the hands of the state bank examiner at directors meeting at o'clock tonight. The institution lost a number of deposits when the Dollar Savings bank and the Carolina National bank of closed December 30, but the directors were able to restore confidence and stabilize matters until today when the failure of the Rutherford county banks and the American State bank at Gaffney. rendered the situation too acute for the Chesnee bank to continue operations. The deposits, at close of business yesterday, amounted to $228,793.26 showing decrease of about $106,000 since the published statement of December 31, 1929; capital stock of the bank was $50,000. surplus $20,000 and bills payable none.


Article from The Charlotte News, January 1, 1933

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Article Text

BANK NOTICE Monday. January being a the following banks be closed American Trust Co. Charlotte National Bank Commercial National Bank Independence Trust Co. Merchants & Farmers National Union National Bank


Article from The Charlotte Observer, June 30, 1934

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IS CANDIDATE FOR ATTORNEY HERE James L. DeLaney's Name Heads Senator's List for Appointment as Receiver of Merchants & Farmers; Formal Notice of Withdrawal of Approval Received. James L. DeLaney, Charlotte attorney, is the choice of Senator Robert R. Reynolds for the position of receiver of the Merchants & Farmers National bank, while Col. T. Kirkpatrick is a candidate for appointment to the position of attorney to the receiver, it was revealed last night from Washington. Yesterday withdrawal the of the plan Piedmont National bank announced and James conservator Farmers National and the leading sponnew bank was that office that the had been abandoned because the recent payment through the state banking department. Last Mr. Stokes made telegram had received yesterday afternoon from comptroller's office giving definite reason for the withdrawal the comptroller's approval the the new bank NOTICE OF WITHDRAWAL The plan organization approved condition that distribution depositors of banks Trust company the Merchants National would made through the proposed new bank and thereby furnish nucleus for sufficient volume deposits new warrant Release by Independence Trust its 50 per cent distribution direct agreed action taken by Charlotte banks. both which have under strictions banking formed the basis the new tution Washington that the Tyer. Independence Trust upon from Gurney Hood Raleigh of the proposed opening plan the opening and had resulted the the comptroller's approval plans for the new telegram to Mr. Stokes gave the specific reason for Both Hood and Tyer maintain, that paydividend should prevent Piedmont bank unless comptroller's wishes use that an arbitrary action in ing approval. The dicted would the that First tional might named ceiver Merchants Farmers order the the Some time effort displace Logan and time clared favored Senator office that would DeLaney for the new receivership and forecast the fight months named also Merchants Farmers bank expected make the clearer for the ATTORNEY TO COME LATER office and Mr. Stokes definite information given the Charlotte about the plans the comptroller have mind or when new receiver would be Because his previous with the bank, not permit the naming of Mr. Stokes as Wesley McDonald, secretary of Senator talked by telephone yesterday the senator, Asheville, and reported Senator Reynolds definite statement his for and that thought better receiver appointed before he indorsed anyone for attorney the unalloyed and simon now being handed the treasury the Washington but the receivers hold there anything in sight their Meanwhile. the victimized depositor the when Leod bill was under conwas believed however, that the office would sist naming to the position upon here capable experienced and keep polities the


Article from The Charlotte Observer, July 6, 1934

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DELAY BANK RECEIVER No Action Yet Taken Toward Liquidating Two Restricted Institutions. No reported yesterday movement liquidate Merchants National and the Independ banks formed basis establishthe proposed Piedmont The proposed new bank failed materialize result of payment by the of the Independence Trust instructions of the department, of per dividend to depositors that inwhich with the Merchants Farmers bank the holiday in March, MENTIONED After the office the bank plained that would be appointed liquidate Friends James DeLaney, Charlotte torney, his behalf for and Senator RobReynolds announced would favor Mr. DeLaney's Senator Bailey The Observer he wanted Reynolds his choice position. He said he and Senator submit the names several persons acceptable to them for the Yesterday explained also the Trust that orders had Gurney for that institu- To Give Ice Cream Supper The Ona Patt rson circle of terian church give an ice supper night the home Mrs. Pat the circle are invited to be pres-


Article from The Charlotte Observer, July 11, 1934

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AWAIT WORD ON RECEIVER No Information Available as to Profitable Appointment of James A. Stokes. No information was available from yesterday on the proposed appointment receiver for restricted chants Farmers National bank which shortly liquida tion posal new here that bank and the Independence Trust restricted, as the basis of the James Stokes conservator of Farmers whom appeal being made had heard the the expected the comptroller decides to break cedent long standing by appointreceiver who has been connected the bank both and officer bewent restricted basis. Stokes has indorsed for the place Senator Robert and Senator Bailby depositors commitreported Monday, and generally have an excellent chance of being the Independence Trust company, state institution whose payment of cent sulted in the collapse of the plan establish the national bank. terday by Tyer. the conserv-


Article from The Charlotte News, July 15, 1934

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Bailev Favors Smith As Bank Receiver Here Is Made For Receiver For The Merchants And Farmers National Bank Bank and Helped Proposed organizing nationwide banking holidays was the Merchants Farmers former cashier was the but Charles Stone was the appointment contrary policy The week abandoned efforts half Stokes Meanwhile and Senator eral submitted comptroller lists men acceptable as the the week there indications pressure was being exerted upon Bailey upon Senator Reynolds the Wants Depositors Protected Senator the position wants and must receiver will "look the positors Senator authorized The Charlotte quote as am going over any bank ing one experience, after the terests know the financial interest the bank and first matter matter of protecting individual Commenting on Smith Senator Reynolds said came know when was nection with the new national bank down Charlotte He made good survey of the situation Washington at the week-end summarized this stood that the treasury will follow the action has been taken mendation was that in behalf of Mr Smith this development available Mr Smith night Reports the busi section indicated that the recommended groups friends for Vaughan Hawkins, Pat Long, James DeLaney patrick and the First National bank of Char. An effort is being made was Kirkpatrick appointment as attorney for the receiver


Article from The Charlotte News, July 18, 1934

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Fowler, Smith Supported For Bank Receiver Situation Here Regarding Appointment Of Receiver For M. And F. Bank Is Unchanged. The Charlotte situation involving the prospective early appointment receiver for the Merchants and Farmers National bank of this city remained outwardly unchanged early this afternoon. Latest advices from Washington indicated several days may elapse before the appointment is made by the office the comptroller of the currency. Meanwhile, vigorous activities in behalf of Henry Fowler, chairman the Mecklenburg county board of commissioners, and Roy Smith, merly cashier of the Independence Trust company. were in progress. An unconfirmed report that the possibility of influencing the government Stokes, conservator the Merpresent chants and Farmers as receivbeing examined again. Recently was said Washington dispatches federal policy would prevent appointment of Mr. Stokes was learned that the Merchants and Farmers mittee developments carefully but far has avoided taking sides between Mr. Fowler and Mr. Smith The committee has taken no position with respect possible appointee informed Washington that Mr Stokes was ineligible Vaughan well known was brought forward again today in the rather widespread discussions possible pointees. Several days ago, prior to the announcement Senator Bailey has recommended Mr. Smith for this appointment, heard that Mr. might the pointment Friends of Mr. Hawkins have reported that Senator Bailey some time ago promised to recommend Mr Hawkins to the comptroller of the currency.


Article from The Charlotte News, July 18, 1934

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Gets Kirkpatrick Endorsements Colonel Kirkpatrick has applied for the position attorney the proposed receiver for the Merchants Farmers National bank he said today. Colonel Kirkpatrick the endorsements of McA. Currie, man of the county Democratic executive Smith, president of the Mecklenburg Bar association: Solicitor John CarpenPostmaster Paul Younts, John Renfrow, register of deeds; Sheriff Irwin, Mayor Wearn, Clyde Stancill, county attorney; City Manager Pridgen, Edwin Bridges and Frank Orr city attorneys, about members of the bar association


Article from The Charlotte Observer, July 19, 1934

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F. BANK RECEIVER IS AGAIN DELAYED NAMING OF M. LIKELY BY NEXT WEEK Treasury Official Says Other Matters Need Attention; O'Connor Must Approve. Appointment Merchants Farmers bank hardly be made before week chief bank division treasury night from his home in Washing are going into the matter declared Mr. Fouts. there are great other matters coming and shall be able little time to the Charlotte matter the following expect will hardly be settled before early next week.' The treasury official said the pointment would be made by office, not had been en the approval of Comptroller of get man Fouts, get touch the and approval. not be wait until he Mr expected back his desk until Auwas several ago when he left for his cation. NAMES NO CANDIDATES. dispatch to last night from Washington nounced that the contest the receivership had narrowed down two men, Charlotte and the other the hope that he might name the two don't know what infor the field narrowed said Mr. Fouts. haven't been touch with the Charlotte matter this aft. however since have been other matters understand the Much of the work Investigat persons admittedly the hands subor dinates in the closed bank the office, not believed that without consent with Char for the that they paid such high ability and Har fitness for the place referred and thing that no bad be found any of the insolvent bank has eliminating and chance having the affairs home man centered person, confidential inquiries being made outsider wind the TEN NAMES SUBMITTED. Mr. said that had been presented the names about 10 men. that many submitted by Senator Reynolds indorsed six of the Yesterday several Charlotte citi the county for the celved from senator the These letters declared the senator had Mr. name among others and added that the senator felt the task naming the receiver was question be settled by comptroller's the basis business Fowler's friends felt he had excelbeing He had also by Senafor Reynolds Press from Washington the have indicated that Senator Reynolds asking the of Mr while Senator Bailey was preferable the appointment Roy former presiof Independence Trust company deny "holding out for Thompsons to SALISBURY July fourteenth annual reunion the family will be held the Unity church near Wodleaf August nounced Thompson Polkton president.


Article from The Charlotte News, July 24, 1934

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James Stokes, conservator the Merchants and Farmers National bank of Charprobably will receive appointment position the Charlotte office of the Reconstruction Finance corporareports culated in business circles here reports said friends are advocating for appointthe place vacated by K. Dorsett, appointed today receiver the Merchants and Farmers an said he has plans for his future business activities. He expects to be gaged this bank more days making the formal transfer assets.


Article from The Charlotte News, August 19, 1934

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DIVIDEND FOR DEPOSITORS TO WAIT Dorsett Says M. And F. Dividend Not Possible By September 15 HITCH OVER ATTORNEY The Washington correspondent The News informed at the offices of the comptroller of the currency that dividend would be paid to creditors of the closed Merchants and Farmers bank here "about the middle September.' K. Dorsett, in charge of the bank receiver and liquidating agent, yesterday refused to be that optimistic, however. "If were to start writing checks today they could not be finished and approved by the middle September,' he "That too big that period ready for dividend payment. The News Washington correspondent also informed that there hitch attorney the receivership far appointment attorney for this post has been made. The Farmers is pected pay dividend the bank had entered agreement with the Trust company pay per cent dividend part the plan for forming the Pledmont National bank Supposedly funds then available for such diviThe Piedmont bank plan was voked the Trust company paid its per cent state bank and compliance with the state law, before Merchants and Farmers bank made similar payment.


Article from The Charlotte News, August 21, 1934

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Joseph Ervin Attorney For Bank Receiver Charlotte Lawyer Is Named By Comptroller Of Currency For Work With M. And F. National Bank. By H. E. C. Bryant Charlotte News Staff Writer Washington, Aug 21.-Appointment of Joseph Ervin, of Charlotte, attorney for the receiver of the Merchants and Farmers National in Charlotte announced today the comptroller of the currency Several names were submitted for the place and was that the appointment Ervin reflection the Mr. Ervin never had any Merchants and Farmers bank and has the support of Senators Bailey and Reynolds for the position. Attorney for Receiver Is Prominent Young Lawyer Here Much developed the today the Washington Ervin. of law firm Carswell and had been by the comptroller of the chosen currency, attorney for newly pointed the and Farmers here. himself was reticent subject. saying that he had not received the appointment and was, therefore, not in position discuss He of the more prominent of the younger lawyers the city, here county about ten ago. memwell known Burke county His father leading of that section