14186. Merchants National Bank (Newark, NJ)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Suspension → Closure
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
1818
Charter Number
1818
Start Date
November 1, 1881*
Location
Newark, New Jersey (40.736, -74.172)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
9c775a0c

Response Measures

None

Description

Articles report a gigantic embezzlement by cashier Baldwin (~$2,000,000) that rendered the bank insolvent; directors were advised to suspend on Monday morning. A receiver was appointed (reports list receivers on Nov 2, 1881) and later civil actions/arrests followed (Mar 9, 1882 arrest of S. N. Condit by action of Receiver Frelinghuysen). OCR errors corrected (e.g., 'suspendon' -> 'suspend on'; cashier name shown as Hensler/ Baldwin in OCR). No article describes a depositor run; event is suspension followed by receivership/closure.

Events (5)

1. May 15, 1871 Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2. November 1, 1881* Suspension
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Cashier H. Baldwin confessed massive embezzlement (reported > $2,000,000), leaving the bank insolvent; directors advised suspension of payments.
Newspaper Excerpt
Cashier Baldwin ... advised the directory to suspend on Monday morning, cooly telling them he was short two million dollars in his accounts.
Source
newspapers
3. November 2, 1881 Receivership
Newspaper Excerpt
Three national banks have been placed in the hands of receivers ... The Merchants' National Bank of Newark N. J., on November 2, 1881; ... placed in the hands of receivers during the year ending Nov 1, 1882, viz.: The Merchants' National Bank of Newark, N. J., on November 2, 1881 (Wheeling Register, 1882).
Source
newspapers
4. March 9, 1882 Other
Newspaper Excerpt
S. N. Condit of the Merchants National bank, was arrested to-day, on a civil suit brought up by Receiver Frelinghuysen. Bail was fixed at $250,000. The charge is that Condit had a knowledge of the situation of the bank and concealed it from the directors ... loss of the bank was fully $700,000 ... (Jamestown Weekly Alert, Mar 9, 1882).
Source
newspapers
5. March 19, 1927 Voluntary Liquidation
Source
historical_nic

Newspaper Articles (4)

Article from The Worthington Advance, November 10, 1881

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Article Text

A MONSTROUS ENBEZZLEI ENT. The Cashier of the Merchants National Bank of Newark. N. J., a Detaulter for Two Millions or Dollars-The Embezzler, a Prominent Society Man and Pillar of the Church. Arrested and Held to Bail. The most gigantic embezzlement of the times is reported from Newark, New Jersey. Cashier Baldwin, of the Merchants National, advised the directory to suspendon Monday morning, cooly telling them he was short two million dollars in his accounts. The confession paralyzed the directors, but they went into executive session as soon as they could recover their breath. They realized fully upon their worat fears, and Mr. Baldwin, "the loading banker in the state," will go to join Cashiers Berry of Hackensack, and Hed den of Newark, in the retirement of the New Jersey penitentiary. A telegram tersely tells the story when it saye that Baldwin got away with everything but the safe, which was heavy one. The crime is certainly the most coloseal of its class. The old Mutual Life Insurance company loses a million, all of the available assets of the company, and several suspensions are inevitible. The cashier's name is Hensler Baldwin. The main fact is the old and painful story-stock, gambling, robbery andruin. The affidavit on which he was arrested alleges a confession of the crime, and that abstractions were covered un by false ontries; that the amount taken exceeds $2,000,000, and that the bank is insolvent and ruined What this implies may be imagined from the fa t that the Mechanics' bank has hitherto stood in the very front rank among Newark banks, having been most prosperous during the half century since its charter. It has been paying dividends of 14 per cent., 7 per cent semi-annually. In fact the mechanics was considered the strongest and safest bank in Newark, though almost too prudent and conservative. Its board of directors includes some of the wealthiest and foremost citizens. The surprise is simply boundless. As one prominent citizen remarked, "he would as soon have thought of one of the churches turning over and standing on the tip of the spire." While Baldwin was making his statement to the directors Sunday, confessing his owu guilt, the bells on Trinity Episcopal church, of which he was a member and to which he had subscribed liberally, were calling the faithful to worship. Little indeed did Baliwin's old church friends think as they sat in church that one of their leading lights was at that moment confessing himself: thief. Christopher Nagent, a wealthy morocco manufacturer of the firm of C. Nugent & Co., was arrested Monday evening at his house by a deputy United States marabal ona charge of aiding and abetting Cashier Baldwin in embezzling funds from the Mechanics National bank. He gave bail in $25,000 to answer to the charge.


Article from Morris Tribune, November 10, 1881

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Article Text

A MONSTROUS EMBEZZLEMENT. The Cashier of the Merchants National Bank of Newark, N. J., a Defaulter for Two Millions of Dollars-The Embezzler, a Prominent Society Man and Pillar of the Church. Arrested and Held to Bail. The most gigantic embezzlement of the times is reported from Newark, New Jersey. Cashier Baldwin, of the Merchants National, advised the directory to suspend on Monday morning, cooly telling them he was short two million dollars in his accounts. The confession paralyzed the directors, but they went into executive session as soon as they could recover their breath. They realized fully upon their worst fears, and Mr. Baldwin, "the loading banker in the state," will go to join Cashiers Berry of Hackensack, and Hedden of Newark, in the retirement of the New Jersey penitentiary. A telegram tersely tells the story when it says that Baldwin got away with everything but the safe, which was a heavy one. The crime is certainly the most colossal of its class. The old Mutual Life Insurance company loses a million, all of the available assets of the company, and several suspensions are inevitible. The cashier's name is Hensler Baldwin. The main fact is the old and painful story-stock, gambling, robbery and ruin. The affidavit on which he was arcested alleges a confession of the crime, and that abstractions were covered un by false entries; that the amount taken exceeds $2,000,000, and that the bank is insolvent and ruined. What this implies may be imagined from the fa t that the Mechanics' bank has hitherto stood in the very front rank among Newark banks, having been most prosperous during the half century since its charter. It has been paying dividends of 14 per cent., 7 per cent semi-annually. In fact the mechanics was considered the strongest and safest bank in Newark, though almost too prudent and conservative. Its board of directors includes some of the wealthiest and foremost citizens. The surprise is simply boundless. As one prominent citizen remarked, "he would as soon have thought of one of the churches turning over and standing on the tip of the spire." While Baldwin was making his statement to the directors Sunday, confessing his owu guilt, the bells on Trinity Episcopal church, of which he was a member and to which he had subscribed liberally, were calling the faithful to worship. Little indeed did Bal twin's old church friends think as they sat inchurch that one of their leading lights was at that moment confessing himselfa thief. Christopher N agent, a wealthy morocco manufacturer of the firm of C. Nugent & Co., was arrested Monday evening at his house by a deputy United States marshal ona charge of aiding and abetting Cashier Baldwin in embezzling funds from the Mechanics National bank. He gave bail in $25,000 to answer to the charge.


Article from Jamestown Weekly Alert, March 10, 1882

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Article Text

Condit Caught. Newark, N. J., March 9.-S. N. Condit of the Merchants National bank, was arrested to-day, on a civil suit brought up by Receiver Frelinghnymen. Bail was fixed at $250,000. The charge is that Condit had a knowledge of the situation of the bank and concealed it from the directors, that the loss of the bank was fully $700,000, and that he personally profited by the concealment.


Article from Wheeling Register, November 29, 1882

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Article Text

is thus seen that their average cap893,518 and the average deposit S67. About 68 per cent. of them in New York City, representing + than two-thirds of the aggregate tal and over one-half of the aggredeposits. In the city of New York average amount of capital is $95,and deposits $105,157 for each pribanker: and the bankers in that also held 86,876,422 of United bonds, which is nearly one-half e amount of such bonds held by ae private bankers of the country. number of private bankers in three States and Territohaving a capital in excess of 000, exclusive of these sixteen tipal cities, is 2,530: the aggregate ant of capital is $39,287,623, and reposits $181,970,664, the average al being $15,529 and the average sits $71,955. The remaining thirStates and Territories contain sixe private bankers, with an aggrecapital of $527,670 and aggregate sits of $2,909,750. Massachusetts only three private bankers outside Ostep, with an aggregate capital oi 67 and aggregate depos is of 206. Maryland has but private bankers outside of more. The State of Maine has ten ate bankers, North Carolina but New Hampshire two, New Jersey Delaware and Vermont one each, Arizona eleven. The average ant of capital held by each of these -five private bankers is $8,511 and eposits $73,063. Three national 8 have been placed in the hands of vers during the year ending No. per 1, 1882, viz.: The Merchants' onal Bank of Newark N. J., on ember 2, 1881; the Pacific National of Boston, on May 99 22, 1882, and first National Bank of Buffalo, N. n April 1882; and the affairs of banks have been otherwise mated, making a total of eightybanks placed in the hands of reTS and 420 otherwise suspended the inauguration of the present