First National Bank (Denver, CO)

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Episode Information

Episode UID
101601123
Episode Type
Run Only
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
10160 national
Charter Number
1016
Start Date
July 18, 1893
Location
Denver, Colorado (39.739, -104.985)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
a4cef1552b32f779

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Borrowed from banks or large institutions, Fed/other loan, Public signal of financial health, Capital injected, Partial suspension, Full suspension, Books examined

Clearinghouse involved: Yes (loan, examination, or other measures)

Description

Contemporary reports conflict about which institution first closed, but First National is repeatedly described as remaining open and meeting demands.

Events (2)
1. April 17, 1865 Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2. July 18, 1893 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Runs and failures of other Denver clearinghouse banks (Union, Commercial, People's, German, State National, etc.) triggered depositor panic and heavy withdrawals at the First National.
Measures
Paid depositors; honored checks; limited payment on time certificates until maturity
Newspaper Excerpt
The First National appears to have been in an unexceptionable condition, having over sixty per cent of the deposits on hand...
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (23)
1. July 16, 1893 Tombstone Epitaph Tombstone, AZ
Article from Tombstone Epitaph, July 16, 1893

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IZONA. SUNDAY, JULY 2: ge NEWS BY WIRD it me Great numbers of Mexican parrd Ve are being imported through Lare itfor sale at the World's Fair. er One thousand negro men were p e ; on the cars at Birmingham last nigi efand started for Kansas to take tl by, place of the striking miners. ket Several attachments were issue old last evening against Denver busine ily houses, the principal ones being th silRoberts Hardware company and th ind Livermore Wayne Lunber Co. in a the The Kansas Bi-metallic convention wo convened at Topeka yesterday after ennoon in representative hall with SEV nd eral hundred delegates in attendance Dy There will be no more bank failure to in Denver. The panic wore itself ou are yesterday with the failure of the Pec We ple's, German and State National in banks. This morning when the Firs me Colorado. Denver, City and America kopened their doors there was hardly It dozen customers in all of them at th use paying tellers' windows. bly Information has been received fror ue Pekin to the eff ct that China ha taken measures to support Sia: against the French, Siam has fc fer many years paid tribute to China. bu ur only as a matter of usage or conver ience, and it is now apparent the ilt China is determined to assist th :Siamese against the French encroach as ments upon their territory. as A conservative estimate of the me be discharged by railwave, mines, busi at ness houses and factories since th of silver panic started places the number in at from 12,600 to 15,000. It is als Irestimated that Colorado, Utah, Mon ty tana and New Mexico merchanti by have countermanded orders on Nev d York wholesale houses for goods dur. flu ing this time amounting to over 1e $12,000. e. The Santa Fe management he a just unearthed extensive frauds of d that division of the road included be :tween Topeka and Chicago, Th ly frauda, it is said, have resulted in se loss to the road of $17,000 a month 1The conspiracy is far reaching in i h ramifications and includes, it is said of various officiale, from assistants to th division superintendents, down to th section bosses.

2. July 18, 1893 The Evening World New York, NY
Article from The Evening World, July 18, 1893

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PANIC ON IN DENVER. Four More Banks Close Their Doors To-Day. Runs Started on All the ClearingHouse Institutions. several Kansas Banks Go Down. with One in Ada. Ohio. DENVER, Col., July 18.-The Union National Bank, of which R. W. Woodbury is President, failed to open its doors this morning. The capital is $1,000,000. No statement can be had. A run is now being made on the City National, German National, First National. Colorado National and all the Clearing-House banks. The panic is on. LATER.-The Commercial National Bank has closed its doors. A notice says: "This bank has gone into liquidation by order of the Board of Directors." The National Bank of Commerce has also closed. Ex-Gov. Job A. Cooper is President of this bank. The Mercantile Bank. a private institution with a capital stock of $100,000, closed its doors at noon. The failure was caused by the failure of the Union National Bank, through which it cleared. C. C. Girda, the City Auditor, is President. W. F. Robinson formerly Treasurer of the Republican Publishing Company. one of the oldest and most respected individuals in the State, has been made assignee. President Woodbury is of the opinion that the Union National Bank will reopen and continue business as before. It is one of the oldest banks in Denver, and has always been regarded as one of its solid ones. The failure of the Chamberlin Investment Company a few days ago affected the Union National, the Company having become indebted to the bank about $50,000. The Commercial National Bank was in bad shape. It has a capital stock of $250,000. and only had $2,000 in cash in the bank. TOLEDO, July 18.-The Citizens' Bank of Ada, O., the most prominent one in Hardin County, failed to open its doors this morning. Its owner, Peter Ahifield, has controlled it for over a quarter of a century, and is one of the wealthiest men of that section. No statement of assets and liabilities, or the cause of failure, can be obtained. FORT SCOTT, Kan. July 18.-The First National Bank, of this city, the oldest financial institution in Southeastern Kansas, has suspended payment. TOPEKA. Kan., July 18.-State Bank Examiner Breidenthal this morning received notice of the failures of the Citizens' Bank, of Kansas City, Kan., of the Bank of Richmond and of the Farmers and Merchants' Bank. at Ossawattomie. The concerns all did a small business. Statements are unobtainable. The opinion is expressed that other institutions throughout the State will soon go under. The Denver bank failures reported above are in addition to the three reported in the same city yesterday, which were as follows: People's Savings Bank: assets, $1,125,667.55; liabilities, $966,996.88 Colora do Savings Bank: assets over liabilities, $73,063.62. Rocky Mountain Dime and Savings Bank: assets, $156,803.53; liabilities. $105, 654.32. The seriousness of the situation is quite evident from the collapse of all f these institutions.

3. July 18, 1893 Deseret Evening News Salt Lake City, UT
Article from Deseret Evening News, July 18, 1893

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THE PANIC IN DENVER People Needlessly Excited - The Banks Paying the Depositors. DENVER, Col., July 18.-No scene was ever witnessed here before like that this morning shortly after the hour when the banks opened for busi. ness. The failure of three savings banks yesterday had excited the missses, and at the hour of opening, the streets were crowded with anxious depositore. Eleven clearing house banks, located within four blocks O each other, were surrounded and far into the streets the crowd gathered till the police was called on to clear the way for traffic. At 10 o'clock the Union National, with is capital of a million dollars. posted notice that they would not open the doors. This started a panic and following quickly the Commercial National posted a similar notice. Then the National Bank of Commerce. A run was immediately started on all the other banks, though to 110 great extent on the People's National. The First National appears to have been in an unexceptionable condition, having overeixty per cent of the deposits on hand with a private fund of is million and a half in addi.

4. July 18, 1893 Deseret Evening News Salt Lake City, UT
Article from Deseret Evening News, July 18, 1893

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tion to draw upon,making It im possible to close their doore. The Colorado National and several others were equally good. The peo+ ple withdrawing their money were all small depositors. The banks are paying all demands except those on time certificates, demanding these to remain till the expiration of the time. President J. A. Thatcher of the clearinghouse saye: am confident that today will see the worst of this, and people will come to their senses. At a meeting of the clearinghouse last night we decided that we could not help the banks, and 10 some of them have gone to the wall. All of them, believe, have ample security to protect all their depositore, but unfortunately at this time cash and not security is what the majority of the people is clamoring for. At the State national bank quite a run is in progress. The officers appear to be in the best humor land say they are confident that they can weather the storm. Upt to noon everything was quiet at the Col rado national. It understood that half 11 million in gold was received there just before the doors opened this morning. Quite a crowd of people are about the doors of the Denver Na. tions. It was rumored that a run W&F in progress there but it was soon learned that the men of the Union Pacific employee were simply getting checks cashed fo the last month's work. "This bank is closed by orders of the board of directors," is a notice posted every entrance to the National Bank of Commerce. The officers inside refuse admission to outsiders. The condition of this bank is not known as it did not print a statement yesterday as was done by almost all the other banks. Joh H. Hanna of the City National said that they were in as good condition anybody. Hanna hopes to be able to control enough deposits to tide over. Several of the principal depositors made large deposits this morning. Some who owe the bank in the shape of notes but have cash deposits had payment refused on their checks. Liabilities subject to check are $559,808. Of this the officials control nearly two-thirds, 80 that the cash on hand, amounting to $333,338, will meet the demands of the email depositors. The Union National closed its doors this morning. and a notice was posted explaining that the bank had paid out B million dollars to the depositors in the last few weeks. It had realized on securities as rapidly as possibly but not fast enough. It has $1,600,000 in securities and owes approx. imately half a million. It is thought it will be able to realize on the securities when all the depositors will be paid in full. It expects to open again soon. The bank's resources ed sist of loans and discount, $1,622,689 and United States bonds to secure a circulation of hundred fifty thousand; cash and exchange $147,568; overdrafts $32,078; deposits $583,558. Due other nationnal banks $14,098; state bank $29,809; paper outstanding $170,000. President Wood. bury thinks it will reopen. The Commercial National closed its doors when it became evident from the size of the crowd outside that a run was to be inaugurated and a notice was posted: "Closed for liquidation, by the order of the board of directors." It has a capital stock of a quarter of a million, but only $2000 cash on hand. At the American National the small dei ositors who are not numerous made a run. The bank has a million capital and deals largely with men who handle big sume. The following are the first reports received: PANIC IN DENVER. DENVER, July 18.-The Union Na. tional bank has failed. It has a capital of $1,000,000. There is no statement yet. A run is now being made on the City National, German National, First National, Colorado National and all A eleven clearing house banks. panic ison. Later-The Commercial National has closed its doors. A notice on the doors saye: "This bank has gone into liquidation by order of the board of directors." The National Bank of Commerce has closed its doors. Ex.Governor J. A. Cooper is president of this bank.

5. July 19, 1893 The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer Wheeling, WV
Article from The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer, July 19, 1893

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of the The failure the masses, vesterday located clearing of were each four other blocks within the the far and into streets surrounded, and until speofficers crowd gathered to the out were clear called police the for way Union truffic. 10o'clock a of with 000,000, capital National, not that they would notico posted the This their doors. startod the and Comno quickly National follow posted.ru of the Bank inercial then National and "Where asked: people on all started other Peoples run was banks, immediately thouNational to no groat The dest of of the extent National upon the having over appear to be with 60 per a private cent draw upon. First they on handdition close their doors. their all, deposits $1,500,000 impossible in National as others The mob fund of making The it Colorado are in are thdrawing equally their money deposit let being all small satisfied to in their holdor main banks. Accounts all ox. are The banks paying demandand time they rtificates, demand. the ing these until ing that expira remain As bank every crowded is no as rendering combeing tion clearing time. Institution the meeting it was sistance, stand each alone. house last and night gome pelled of the clearing to help banks, of which decided of them not went National Bank, quite a run is men Altho Stato is for of their in progrous a in large line waiting can get their ap. pear and women are 80 they of the bank and come officers of humor are say they storm. o'clock money. turn to to Confident The the best they can weather was overything National. of the "This bank of is board directors, to the at every entrance National the quiet Up at the 12 Colorado is closed by notice order posted Bank of of which Governor Commerce, is The offiCooper president. of but no amount been sufficers Job A. are indentraty or has to gain admis- is not pounding cient for newspaper condition men of public, as this bank vester offiThe the general statement of the banks cere day, was done City sion. known did to not print by a almost all National to other John R Hanna, they of felt the the any body. as selves $40,000 east Bank said good that condition borrowed in gold The be in bank as recently and is paying from this morning. the the deposite such and Several of deposits this putting can made large of bank the have at are hand and runs ac- on the bank spare. sums friends Those they are those who are who making have small posted had a counts Union National that Bank the bank 000 to notice approxime few The explaining mately $1,000, weeks. The had on realized it but paid out in the stated last that the rapidly bank as that notice depositor further its securities was not as fast enough in to suit possible, depositors. and owes that the bank securities It is thought upon been its socur paid in $500,000. will be able depositors realize have to realize. again Commercial when all The bank BOOD expects as can bank post- for notice: for full. business as National "Closed of diboard ed The the following by order of the in bad shape. only liquidation The bank $250,000 was and had jcan rectors. It has cash in of the rushed bank to the Amer and $2,000 in depositors bank this morning The has than Small National out their deposits. less sidall depositors capital. as city, began American to draw National any bank other of its dealing handled The $1,000,000. in the with who ot the who have been largely vico president and had to the big money. said that those thoso who paid The grocera depositors draw butchers money are with checks bank in person to in private a with noon. money Mercantile capital Bank, stock a of The $100,- fail. of the stitution, its doors at failure which 000, closed caused by Bank, the through audi F. ure was Union National O.C. Girda, Robinson the clip Pub- fortor.is cleared. president of W. the Republican oldest and been merly tishing treasurer Company, dividuals one of the in the state, and exeitement upon the respected made the assignee demands banks after una money continued it about al when o'clock all the banks the bated entirely until subsided State National line and of deseemed to increaso is bank National, Utah where the instead of to underato from way City reach here early special This bearing train on $400.000 the and that ved First little National after closing Bank 1 o'clock hour. recei This and money Moffatt President New nt the York. for Icua, bullion he the before the of close, failure Savings with Bank, Its $100,000, the hour dozen people hardly half the institutions except First president of the

6. July 19, 1893 The Morning Call San Francisco, CA
Article from The Morning Call, July 19, 1893

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AT PANIC DENVER. Four Banks Compelled to Suspend. ALL THE OTHERS SUFFERED. Flurried and Weak Disqui- at New Stocks York on Account of eting Rumors. special to THE MORNING CALL ever was scene here witness hour when DENVER July 18.-No that this the morning, banks of failure shortly after for the business. yesterday The had excite streets three opened savings banks at the hour remaining of opening banks the wded were cro banks, the masses. in front and with anxious of the depositors. locate Clearing-house each other, were S until Eleven four blocks into of the street called crowds to within rounded, and far the police were gathered elear the way for the traffic. Union National, notice with that At 10 o'clock $1,000,000. posted a doors. The notice capital of open their had paid to depositors on they would explained not that the in bank the last few securities rapidlyas possible. and the panic weeks $1,000,000 and had realized but enough. few minThis started it utes became from when later, apparent on of the the the size crowd gathering inbe to run was that about sidewalk the closed National Commercial "Closed notice of augurated doors and posted order this of stock the board of $250,$2000 its for liquidation has by capital cash on hand. National Almost Commerce of the order 000. directors." There simultaneously is only suspended the payment. board is entrance Bank "This bank of is closed the notice by Commerce. posted at every The inside officers refused is this of directors, the Bank of admission to out- not bank condition yesstatement as other terday, known. siders. as The it was did done not by almost all of the noon were these the banks only it were suffering to suspend banks. Up failures, to the hour and was though hoped all that that no more hour, Bank. private with a institution by called it however, would be forced the Mercandie capital of $106.000 that of failed the cleared. after The failure National, was through demand which unabated upon the when 'clock. Union The excitement money and continued it subsided State Utah until banks about banks 2 except the National, instead where of depositors two National all the and seemed the German to increase asbanks more Bank aiminishing. Late this afternoon North Denver of Savings Stephens Savings & signed- the bank Capital 11a. Bank. the private as the assets or are filed. and Hanchett, No knowment statement of The the deposits bilities has to beer have been heavy. of the Clearingwill not President thought J. A. confident to-day people will house worst "I of am this and the meeting decided of the we could see come the to their senses. last night we and o some of them have gone have security ample Clearing-house not help the to the banks wal' All of to protect them, at unfortung is what this time of the majority all I believe. the depositors. cash people But not security are clamoring in unexcep of cent the for. First National having appears over private 60 per of fund $1,500,000 The condition. on hand. with a to draw it possible tionable deposits in addition close their and sevNational upon, making Colorado City National doors. The are equally of good. the as anysaid they hopes Hanna tide eral John others P. were Hanna in good be condition able over control the deposits depositors enough body Several of the of the this morning, notes. Some bank. made large deposits bank in the had shape payment reto check, who owe cash the deposited, Liabilities officials subject but have their checks Of this the cash nearly control two-third hand, $333,338, fused on $589,808. thirds so that will the meet amounting of small depositors. of consist and United Loans to ation, States bonds and cash on the The demand Union discounts Bank's $1,622,689 $147,566 $150,000; due exchange deposits. $32,078; overdrafts, State Bank, other banks, national $170,000 $29,809; the bank outstanding woodbury President will reopen. on by the banks scared drain Constant It about crisis. brought depositors no by less than stated bankers the from was banks drawn $8,000,000 Of a this the last three during is up city. least $5,000,000 were side While the feel the business bankommunity of the and hour shortly distress, the for Drybusiness McNamara the one largest houses open an in the attachment unThe liabilities The known. failure for the by Bank Goods West, was are closed $250,000; vas caused assets by attachUnion ments National The $20,847. $71,780: Colorado National, of had the ivate latter president an of and officer claim Sheedys. for in the $40,000. Denver $25.00 of Nabig Me the the failure Following other house mermara dry-goods were They failures cantile announced. the Mouat John Lumber Company. the on German National for restau Albert Nelson. Bank $155,200 of and with rant saloon, $111,510. M. Noah, $96,725; liabilities of with assets house. $40,000 furniture with firms other Three $16,000. liabilities also of failed. liabilities ON THE ECKELS SITUATION. a at the Comptroller New of York Banquet.

7. July 20, 1893 Richmond Dispatch Richmond, VA
Article from Richmond Dispatch, July 20, 1893

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years' standing. and the equally reputable State National failed to open their doors for business this morning. Later the People's National failed. All night long depositors stood in line in front of the German National, and by 9 o'clock there was one long sea of faces stretching down the street. At the opposite corner. where the State Bank has long done business, there was also quite a crowd of anxious depositors await. ing the opening of the doors. Here the people were relieved of their agony at a few minutes after o'clock when a notice was posted on the door to the effect that the bank would not open, owing to the lack of ready cash, and the crowd moved away. At the German National there was evidently & determination to go ahead with business up to almost the last moment, when a slip of paper was pasted on the window stating that the doors would remain closed temporarily. Then the scene became distressing. Men and women down the long line broke out into tears and wailing. By this time there on bank 11) the city, and the announcement BOOD was a came run every that the Peo. ples' National Bank had closed its doors. The notice on its doors read: "This bank 18 closed by order of the Board of Directors. Net assets. $1,000,000; liabilities. $310,000." The assets and liabilities of the other two failed banks bear about the same proportions as those of the People's Bank. Their failure is chargeable to the longcontinued drain by depositors and 111ability to raise ready cash. All expect to resume shortly. Frank Adams, Bank Examiner. to-day took charge of the Union National, Commercial National, National Bank of Commerce, State National, and German National. This afternoon the run at the Denver National was over, with an enormous amount of money still in sight. The same was true at the City and all the other banks. and the business.men are beginning to breathe freer. There has been a considerable number of failures among business houses of all kinds within the past three days. caused by attachments taken out by banks which foresaw their suspension. Five national banks are still open. VARIETY OF EMBARRASSMENT. DENVER. COL. July 9.-Among the fail. ures that almost escaped notice was that of the Bank of North Denver yesterday afternoon. Business firms whose embarrassment has become known range from liquor-saloonstostreet.railroads. in the list drugstores. lumber companies, Thereare gentlemen's furnishing houses, milliners, coal companies, dry-goods houses, jewellers, ready-made-clothing dealers, tailors, and grocers. Two bank failures are reported at Aspen and one at Loveland Commercial failures are also reported from many points in the State outside of Denver. due principally to the fact that the sufferers deposited in Denver banks which have suspended. TROUBLE AT GREELY, GREELY, COL. July 19.-The Union Bank closed its doors at 1 P. M. to-dav. and a half hour later the Greely National pulled down its blinds and turned the key in its door. The Union's statement says that owing to the suspension of certain Denver national banks which had on deposit several thousand dollars of its money and the fact of a steady withdrawal of deposits-about $30,000 the past ninety days-they were compelled to suspend business. They say their liabilities are about $100,000 with assets and paid-up capital amounting to $300,000. As the fact of the suspension of these known a SOOD banks as became steady Bank, run but was it made on the First National continued to honor all checks and drafts, and even after the regular closing hour cashed two checks presented, Colorado Banks Assign.

8. July 20, 1893 The Western Sentinel Winston-Salem, NC
Article from The Western Sentinel, July 20, 1893

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A Panic. DENVER, Col., July 18.-A regular panic has been experienced in this city today. The first failure announced was that of the First National Bank, with a capital of $1,000,000, which precipitated a run on the City National, the German National and all the clearing houses. The National Bank of Commerce closed,

9. July 20, 1893 The Waco Evening News Waco, TX
Article from The Waco Evening News, July 20, 1893

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FAILURE OF DENVER BANKS. The Panic is Ended and no More Failures Expected. By Associated Press to the News. DENVER, July 30.-There will apparently be no more bank failures in Denver. The panic wore itself out yesterday with the failure of the People's, the German and the State National banks. This morning when the First, Colorado, Denver City and American National banks opened their doors there was hardly a dozen depositors in all of them at the paying tellers' windows. In the First and Colorado National banks a long string of depositors, reaching nearly to the street, were lined up in front of the receiving tellers' windows, and money was going back into bank vaults almost as rapidly as it was withdrawn du ring the last three days. The German, State and People's National banks could pay three dollars for one if they could realize on securities. There may be a few commercial failures in the city within the next few days as the result of the suspension of the banks, but it is believed that in no instance, whether a banking or commercial house, will the failure be complete and the re. sumption of business will surely fol!ow shortly. It is stated today that the MeNamars dry goods house, which failed Monday for $260,000 have settled with their principle creditors and will resume business Monday.

10. July 20, 1893 St. Paul Daily Globe Saint Paul, MN
Article from St. Paul Daily Globe, July 20, 1893

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teenth street almost to Market. Just before the hour of opening had arrived a notice was posted on the front door of the bank. announcing suspension of payment. The notice was as follows: "Owing to the inability of this bank to realize immediately upon its assets it has been decided by the board of directors to close the same." The posting of this notice caused a general stampede for the doors, all being anxious to read the announcement, but there was no show of hostile demonstration on the part of assembled depositors, and the police that had been placed there to keep order had little trouble in dispersing the crowd. Despite the naturally trying condition of things the people were remarkably cool, and aside from one or two women, who broke into tears when they learned that the bank would not open, there was little display of feeling. All was comparatively quiet around the People's National bank this morning, and the bank was open for a short time. When the suspension of the German and State banks was known the directors of the People's decided to close, and this notice was accordingly posted on the doors: "This bank is closed by order of the board of directors. Net assets, $1,100,000; liabilities, $310,000. Following the suspension of the State and German National, a Few Small Depositors who had their money in the First National renewed the run on that institution, but it was a small a fair and soon wore itself out. At 11 o'clock the run which was started on the First National bank was completely brok n. and quiet was restored. Around the Denver National, Colorado National, American National and City National banks all was quiet. There were very few calls for money, and a few of those who had withdrawn from the suspended banks, doubtless repenting their hasty and wholly unjustifiable actions in aiding in closing the suspended concerns, were depositing in the banks that yet remained open. Among the officers of the banks which were open for business the expression was unanimous that the flurry was at au end. and that the people would now see the folly of their actions in foreing a suspension of the banking institutions by withdrawing their deposits at once, and taking from circulation all the money that would ordinarily flow through the regular channels and help in sustaining the business public and the banks. The suspended banks all had much more than enough money to be considered a perfectly safe guaranty under ordinary circumstances, and with business at its normal condition, would have laughed at the idea of a run. Cashier Charles M. Clinton, of the German National. stated that during the past three months over $1,000,000 in deposits had been withdrawn, and The Continual Drain, together with the run yesterday. had placed the bank in such a condition that a temporary suspension was an absolute necessity, and that Frank Adams, bank examiner for the district, had taken charge. "I can say this much, however," continued Mr. Clinton, "the depositors will all get their money in time. We had the largest number of depositors of any bank in this city, consequently many of them were comparatively poor people, who easily became frightened. and drew out their savings, the aggregate amounting to a very large sum. The business men and heavier creditors have with drawn proportionately less than the class referred to. "The bank's statement will be out as soon as possible. and the only statement I can make at this time is our securities are of the first class and largely in excess of our liabilities, thus guaranteeing depositors against loss in the end." The State National was unable to give out a detailed statement. The withdrawal of deposits has been heavy for several months, eniminating in a run yesterday, which forced a temporary suspension of payment. The statement of the bank published in Monday's papers showed deposits to the amount of $756,789.79, with currency certificates, clearing house exchange, bank bills. specie and other available cash items amounting to $115,000.23, with which to meet demands. Other assets, large in value, but not Immediately Convertible Into Cash will protect the depositors from loss. A tour of the banks just before their closing hour showed that all excitement had died away, and there was not the semblance of a run. The officers of the banks stated that they were taking in more money than they were paying out. "I do not think I will have to place a bank in Denver in the hands of a receiver," said Hon. Frank Adams, bank examiner for Coiorado, today. Mr. Adams further stated that he believed that the suspended banks will all re-

11. July 21, 1893 Wheeling Register Wheeling, WV
Article from Wheeling Register, July 21, 1893

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NEW YORK, July 20.-The nervous feeling in Wall street, which was s noticeable to-day, was said to be due largely to the uncertainty regarding of some corporations on bewhich an application was the half identity of Court made for yesterday in the U. S. Circuit the appointment of a receiver, without disclosing the name of the applicant. By direction of Judge Brown the papers in accordance with the request of counsel on both sides were kept private, so that the name of the embarrassed company should not be divulged. This action of Judge Brown was vigorously condemned in financial circles this morning. It resulted in the names of several prominent companies being suggested as the one concerned, and in a least one case a serious decline of in the price of the stock ons of those companies resulted therefrom. Prompt denials were, of course, made by the officers of the companies against whom suspicion of was thus directed, but in the absence precise information as to what company the application referred to, weil informed bankers, and others finally learned that none of the campanies mentioned was the one referred to in the application. Several bank presidents said that the action of Judge Brown was ill-advised, because it might be the means of doing a great injustice to innocent parties. "For instance," said one of them, "this bauk might in good faith to-day discount a note of this mysterious corporation, or accept some of its checks only to learn to-morrow, too late to protect ourselves, that the company was in the hands of a receiver." The sub-treasury was debtor at the clearing house this morning $451,000, of which about $400,000 was settled in gold. The sub-treasury up to midday had exchanged $200,000 in currency, mostly "tives," "tens" and "twenties." for large greenbacks and gold certificates and it was expected that's little more would be exchanged later in the day. It was supposed that the currency thus obtained from the sub-Treasury was for shipment to St. Louis and Kansas City from which points demands for cash were reported to-day by two or three of the larger banks. Regarding the shipments of cash to St, Louis, the president of one of the large banks which sent out the money said that be did not regard the demand from that center at this time as at all serious. The threatened closing of the mills in the East is regarded as a much more serious feature of the present situation than the closing of the Denver banks. The situation in Philadelphia was said by New York bankers to-day to be worse. Application had been received from there for cash, in order that this week's pay rolls might be supplied. barks which received the applications The forwarded the necessary currency. The clearing house committee met . this morning and issued $50,000 of loan I certificates to a small uptown bank. No certificates were retired, but it was regarded as probably that $150,000 would be retired before the close of business to-day.

12. July 21, 1893 The Madison Daily Leader Madison, SD
Article from The Madison Daily Leader, July 21, 1893

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A WONDERFUL EFFECT. Assurances of Eckels Greatly Restore Confidence at Denver. DENVER. July 21. - -The cheering news from Washington has had a wonderful effect upon Denver. The dispatch from Comptroller of the Currency Eckels to the effect that he would give every possible aid to the banks of this city is applauded on every side. Bank Examiner Adams, to whom the telegram was addressed. is besieged by excited people anxious to hear a confirmation of the good report and to get an expression from him. Mr. Eckels comments on the foolish course of those Denver citizens who had lost confidence in the banks. The newspapers are running off extras announcing the news and already things begin to Wear a Brighter Aspect. The officers of the several closed banks all notify the public that they will be able to pay every cent due to customers. But in some cases it will take some time to realize on securities. It is learned that heavy withdrawals have been made from several of the banks during the past few months which would indicate that some of the farseeing ones anticipated trouble such as has come upon the city in the past few days. It is noticeable that very few of the merchants or business men of the city withdrew their deposits. The newspapers feel greatly the distress, every daily having curtailed expenses. Difficulty in making collections is given as the cause. Opinion of Examiner Adams. Bank Examiner Frank Adams, who came up hurriedly from Pueblo to look into the condition of affairs, said that so far as he had been able to make an inspection of the suspended banks he did not believe that their condition was so serious as many were led to believe. He would, however begin at once a thorough examination of the several institutions, and would in a few days be able to make a more satisfactory report. The opinions of leading financiers in the East to the effect that the crisis would soon be passed will doubtless have a beneficial effect in restoring confidence among the people here. Those banks that have not suspended are transacting business as usual. President D. H. Moffett of the First National is greatly pleased with the news from Washington, and predicts an early resumption of business.

13. July 21, 1893 The Sun New York, NY
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liabilities are believed to be covered by the assets. CHICAGO. July 20.-It was said in court today that the assets of the suicide banker. Herman Schaffner. would not pay over 12½ per cent. of the liabilities. Judge Tuley this morning appointed N. H. Culver receiver for the Commercial Lumber Company of Havenswood. The concern was incorporated in 1891 with a capital of $30,000. It is declared that the assets are in excess of the liabilities. SAN FRANCISCO. July 20.-Attachments have been filed against the Union Stock Yards Company. whose meat packing establishment is at Rodeo. These claims are said to be preliminary to larger suits by Eastern holders of the company's bonds. The plant has practically shut down. It cost $1,000,000 and Was started on May 15. Attorney-General Hart has decided that the People's Home Savings Bank. which closed a few weeks ago. is solvent, and recommends that if the bank can make sufficient collections within a reasonable time it should do so. SAN BERNARDINO. Cal., July 20.-The national band examiners who have been! looking into the affairs of the First National Bank of this city have made a report to Comptroller Eckels. recommending that the bank be allowed to open at once. They say they find the affairs of the bank in good condition. ASHLAND. Wis., July 20.-The Northern Manufacturing Company. manufacturers of hard wood. assigned yesterday. Assets. $60.000: liabilities unknown. The failure is due to the recent loss of the factory by fire. TACOMA. Wash.. July 20.-S. B. Dusinberre. cashier of the Bank of Puyallup. who was arrested forthe emberglement of $41,000 and released on bail, has been rearrested on a second charge of embezzlement. Ho was held in $15,000 bail. in default of which he went to jail. DENVER, July 20.-The First National banks at Cañon City and Grand Junction. this State. failed to open their doors this morning. The failures were caused by the suspension of the Denver banks. TOPEKA. Kan., July 20.-Notice of the failure of the Bank of Belleville. Republic county. has been received at the State Bank Commissioner's office. It was a private bank with a capital of $20,000.

14. July 22, 1893 Arizona Silver Belt Globe, Miami, AZ
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The work of closing Denver banks by excited depositors may be said to have been effectually completed. The night of the 18th, the city was agog, and but few retired to rest. Streets in the vicinity of banks were crowded with people many of whom stood in line in order to maintain a position which would favor them in reaching paying tellers' counters at the earliest possible moment, but the night's vigils did not avail them. Before the hour for opening notices were posted on doors of banks that on account of exhaustion of ready cash, consequent upon the previous day's run, the bank would not open and thus it stood, at latest dates. This is not the worst feature of the depressing influence that encompasses Colorado. Mines in every part of the state are shut down. Leadville is as pulseless as a graveyard, and some of her best paying mines are virtually abandoned by the withdrawal of the pumps and consequent ruin by reason of accumulation of water, which in a brief period fills every shaft, tunnel and drift.

15. July 22, 1893 Morning Journal and Courier New Haven, CT
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CONFIDENCE IS RESTORED. Banking and Commercial Houses in Denver Resume Business- Merchants and Bankers Meet and Declare for Free Coinage of Silver. DENVER, Col., July 21.-Confidence in the Denver banks and the commercial houses is being restored in the east and at home with nearly the same rapidity that our people attempted its destruction for the first three days of this week. There has been no suspension of magnitude for two days and no more are expected. The banking houses have determined that they will push no creditor nor serve any attachments upon those who show an honest disposition toward settling. Times will probably be hard here until congress meets, and it is predicted that if silver then receives fair treatment it will not take long to place Denver and Colorado far in advance of where they were when trouble came. President D. H. Moffatt of the First National bank has received a telegram from one of the leading banks of New York offering assistance if needed. Mr. Moffatt replied with thanks that he had more money than he needed. Other houses have had offers. It is understood that the German and State National banks have received large sums of money and will be ready to open their doors again within a very short time. Comptroller Eckels' telegram to Bank Examiner Adams was opportune and did untold good. Mr. Adams is of the opinion that all the closed banks can settle in full and have & balance left. It will be some days, however, before he can prepare his statement. The commercial houses that went down with the banks are in equally good condition. The Hallack, Sayre, Newton Lumber company, which assigned Wednesday with assets of $600,000, resumed business to day. The Flanders Dry Good company, which closed for $200,000, have also resumed. Many others will follow shortly. The merchants and bankers to day issued a card to the public in which they declare their faith in Colorado's future, and that the present tronble is but temporary. They regret the violent utterances recently made by excited individuals and declare that these do not represent the people of this city or of the state. They conclude by declaring for free coinage of silver and ask all members of congress to aid them in securing this at the coming extra session.

16. July 22, 1893 St. Paul Daily Globe Saint Paul, MN
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# BRADSTREET'S. # A Birds-Eye View of the General Situation. NEW YORK, July 21.-Bradstreet's weekly review of the state of trade will tomorrow say: A birds-eye view of general trade conditions throughout the country indicates the South Atlantic and gulf states have suffered no material change in condition, dullness or exceptionally quiet trade being reported from almost all points with slight exceptions. There is a disposition West also to curtail the output of manufactured products, and runs on Kansas City and Denver banks, now ended, created for a time a renewal of exceptional caution on the part of banks at many Western centers. A large proportion of the suspended Colorado banks and mercantile institutions will pay in full and resume business, inability to borrow or sell collaterals alone being the cause of Denver banks closing their doors. Bank clearings this week naturally show a decrease, the falling off being not less than 7.5 per cent as compared with a year ago, and a smaller decrease as compared with the preceding week: Our Australian and London cables showed no material change in stocks of wheat available abroad last week, so that the net decrease was practically that in the United States, about 3,200,000 bushels. Exports of wheat, both coasts United States and Canada, seven days ending July 20, aggregate 5,077,000 bushels, as compared with 2,716,000 bushels in the third week of July a year ago, with 2,330,000 bushels two years ago, with 1,544,000 three years ago, and 1,385,000 bushels four years ago. The financial position at New York has been to some extent unfavorably affected by the demands for money at St. Louis and Denver. Near-by manufacturing centers are also calling for currency to meet pay rolls, and it is believed that the result will be a loss in cash holdings to an undetermined amount. Few changes have been made in the outstanding New York clearing house loan certificates, which are now nearly $23,000,000. The money market is unaffected by the break in stock values, call loans being at 6 per cent or less, while time loans and commercial discounts are exceedingly restricted at high rates. Foreign exchange is somewhat firmer on diminished foreign stock purchases. About $1,000,000 gold came in from Europe and the West Indies, and some $200,000 is in transit from London. Silver is weaker on the threatened adverse action by some nations of the Latin union. The number of failures for a week is the largest ever reported for a like period.

17. July 26, 1893 Watertown Republican Watertown, WI
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DENVER, Col., July 20.-There will b more bank failures in Denver. Th wore itself out yesterday with th lure of the People's, German an National banks. This mornin the First, Colorado, Denver, Cit American National opered thei there was hardly a dozen depos in all of them at the paying tellers ndows. In the First and Col nationals a long string € positors reaching nearly. to the stree lined up in front of the receiving windows and the money was go back into the bank vaults almost a as it was drawn during the pas days. The German, Stat People's nationals could par for $1 if they could realiz securities. There may be commercial failures in the city with the next few days as a result of th spension of banks, but it is believe in no instance, whether a banking commercial house, will the failure b mplete. A resumption of business will low shortly. It is stated to-day tha McNamara dry goods house, which Monday for $260,000, has settle the principal creditors and will re business Monday. While the situation in Denver i lieting down the effect of the loca failures is being felt in interio in the state. Word was receive to-day that the First Nationa at Canon City and the First Na at Grand Junction, this state to open their doors this morning particulars are at hand, but it i obable the failures were caused b spension of the Denver banks. The Flanders dry goods house, occu five store fronts and five storie on Sixteenth Street, was attache morning by H. N. Bradley, o oulder, Col., for $24,000. Ther no definite statement of th ndition of the firm available. Con judges place the assets at $200,00 liabilities at $125,000. The failur caused by the suspension of th cople's National Bank to which $25,00 due. speaking of the financial conditio Denver yesterday, D. H. Moffat esident of the First National Bank "The Denver national banks ar solutely all right and perfectly able j every dollar of their deposits an continue business. The onl who will have trouble from th on are those who have cause money to be locked up in the sus ended banks. The trouble SO far a banks are concerned is over. ] bound to come, and I am glad it as confidence will begin to re itself and business will grow be in Colorado."

18. July 27, 1893 River Falls Journal River Falls, WI
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WILL AID THE BANKS. Comptroller Eckels Will Do All in His Power to Help Embarrassed But Reputable Banks to Resume-The Flurry in Denver About Over. WASHINGTON, July 21.-Comptroller Eckles has sent a dispatch to Bank Examiner Adams at Denver in which he said, in effect, that he would give every possible aid to the banks of that city, and would grant to them sufficient time to enable them to not only collect such amounts as are speedily collectable, but to get together such amounts of money as will enable them to open upon a small basis. The comptroller also said: "It seems to me that such citizens as have. by a foolish course of conduct in withdrawing deposits from banks which so long enjoyed their complete confidence, brought about this condition, ought, in view of the damage they have done their city, as quickly as possible to repair it by standing ready to deposit with them.' Referring to his action the comptroller said the failures in Denver, like a number of other national bank failures, were caused by no fault of the bank officials, but through a foolish and uncalled-for lack of confidence on the part of depositors. He continued: "It is my Intention where a bank has been properly conducted and whose assets under or dinary circumstances would have permitted it to remain solvent, to give the institution every opportunity to resume business. All the Denver banks that failed were well conducted, and every opportunity will be given them to reopen. The people who have caused the Denver disaster by foolish runs should do all they can to help the banks resume." "What is true regarding Denver applies with equal force to banks in other portions of the west where suspension has not resulted from reckless investments or bad managemento the part of officers. Wherever the citizens of a place have precipitated trouble by*instituting a run upon long-established and well-conducted institutions it is but just that they should take hold and assist these banks by redepositing with them, thus placing them in A position to resume their business on a sound financial basis. Wherever possible and advisable the most trusted employes of suspended banking institutions are to be retained by the bank examiners in the interests of the creditors and stockholders, so that every possible means of realizing on the absets of the institution may be accomplished. Instructions to the examiners. however, are to the effect that only in cases of reputable, -established banks are these conditions to be imposed, and no wild-cat institutions or methods will be sanctioned by this office." DENVER, Col., July 21.-There will be no more bank failures in Denver. The panie wore itself out Wednesday with the failure of the People's, German and State national banks. This morning when the First, the Colorado, Denver, City and American nationals opened their doors there was hardly a dozen depositors in all of them at the paying teller's window. In the First and the Colorado nationals a long string of depositors reaching nearly to the street were lined up in front of the receiving teller's windows, and the money was going back into the bank vaults almost as rapidly as it was withdrawn during the past three days. The German, State and People's nationals could pay $3 for $1 if they could realize on securities. Bank Examiner Adams has received a dispatch from Comptroller Eckels which has gone far toward restoring confidence. The officers of the several closed banks all notify the public that they will be able to pay every cent due to customers. But in some cases it will take time to realize on securities. It is learned that heavy withdrawals have been made from several of the banks during the last few months, which would indicate that some of the farseeing anticipated the trouble. It is noticeable that very few of the merchants or business men of the city withdrew their deposits, the runs being made principally by the working pec ple and poorer classes of customers. There may be a few commercial failures in the city within the next few days as a result of the suspension of banks, but it is believed that in no instance, whether a banking or commercial house, will the failure be complete. A resumption of business will surely follow shortly. It is stated that the McNamara dry goods house, which failed Monday for $260,000, have settled with their principal creditors and will resume business Monday. The Flanders dry goods house, occupying premises of five store fronts and five stories high on Sixteenth street, was attached by H. F. Bradley, of Boulder, Col., for $24,000. There is no definite statement of the condition of the firm yet available. Competent judges place the assets at $200,000 with liabilities at $125,000. The failure was caused by the suspension of the People's national bank, to which $25,000 was due. The Union bank of Greeley has closed, with liabilities of $100,000 and assets of $300,000. The Greeley national bank also suspended, but has made no statement. The failures are attributed to the Denver troubles. The Bank of Loveland, at Loveland, Col., has closed its doors, having been caught by the general depression. President Benson, of the bank, assures depositors they will be paid in full. Word has reached here that the First national banks at Canon City and Grand Junction, in this state, failed to open their doors. There are as yet no particulars, but probably the failures were caused by the suspension of Denver banks. The banking house of J. B. Wheeler City and Manitou

19. July 27, 1893 The Austin Weekly Statesman Austin, TX
Article from The Austin Weekly Statesman, July 27, 1893

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THE PANIC SUBSIDING. MONEY GETTING EASIER EVERYWHERE AND CONFIDENCE RETRUNING. Money Going Back Into the Denver Banks -Suspended. Banks Will Resume Business Shortly-Commercial Bank of Milwaukee Assigns. DENVER, July 21.-Confidence in Denver banks and commercial houses is being restored in the East and at home with nearly the same rapidity that our people attempted its destruction the first three days of this week. There has been no suspension of magnitude for two days and no more are expected. Banking houses have determined that they will push no creditors nor serve an attachment upon those who show an honest disposition towards settling. Times here will probably be until congress meets and that it is expected that if silver then receives fair treatment it will not take long to place Denver and Colorado far in advance of where they were when this transfer came. President D. H. Moffatt of the First National bank has received a telegram from one of the leading banks of New York offering assistance if needed. Mr. Moffat replied with thanks that he had all the money he needed. Other houses have had offers. It is understood that the German and State National have received large sums of money and will be ready to open their doors again within a very short time. CALIFORNIA BANKS REOPEN. SAN BERARDINO, Cal., July 21.-Jas. H. Eckels, comptroller of the currency, has authorized the First Natlonal bank to reopen, which it did this morning. The bank has a large amount of capital on hand, more than enough to pay every possible demand. It is said the Farmers' Exchange bank will also reopen in a short time. BETTER FEELING PREVAILS. NEW YORK, July 21.-The bank presidents reported today that the situation was fairly easy with some shipments of currency to St. Louis, Denver and Kansas City. Money is is easy and there is a more confident feeling everywhere. MILWAUKEE BANK ASSIGNS. MILWAUKEE. July 21.-The Commercial bank failed. It assigned to A. B. Fiefuss, cashier, who filed a bond of $165,000. The troubles of the bank are said to result from its acceptance of a large amount of paper of Corrigan, Ives & Co. The officers of the bank are, E. R. Paine, president; J. C. Flint, vice president, and A. B. Guilfuss, cashier. Capital stock $250,000. The July statement gave total liabiliwhich of ties $1,656,850.85, due is depositors $557,743.22 on demand, $528,915.22 due depositors on time. The direct cause of the sus pension of the bank at this time is attributed to the failure of the Douglass Furnace company of Sharpesville, Pa., of whose certificates of stored pig iron the Commercial bank had about $130,000. It is claimed that somebody ignoring those certificates had the sheriff attach the iron. For some time also depositors in the bank have been quietly withdrawing money from it. A TACOMA BANK. TACOMA, July 21.-The Traders bank suspended today. SCHLESINGER MINING PROPERTY. MILWAUKEE, Wis., July 21.-The first step toward re-organizing the Schlesinger mining property was taken today. A meeting of the Chapin mine owners was held and flve new directors were ehosen. John H. Tweedin, Jr., was elected treasurer. No other changes were made in the directory. GREELY BANK GOES. GREELY, Colo., July 21.-The Union bank assigned today to James F. Benedict of Denver. Depositors are safe. A SMALL BANK. CRESTED BUTTE, Colo., July 21.The Bank of Crested Butte elosed today. Liabilities $35.000, assets $65,000.

20. July 27, 1893 Wood County Reporter Wisconsin Rapids, WI
Article from Wood County Reporter, July 27, 1893

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DOINGS AT DENVER. Depositors Hustling Money Back Into Banks' Vaults. Denver, Col., July 20.-There will be no more bank failures in Denver. The panic wore itself out yesterday with the failure of the People's, German and State National banks. This morning when the First, Colorado, Denver, City and Amerian National opened their doors, there was hardly a dozen depositors in all of them at the paying tellers' windows. In the First and Colorado nationals a long string of depositors reaching nearly to the street were lined up in front of the receiving teller's windows and the money was going back into the bank vaults almost as rapidly as it was drawn during the past three days. The German, State and People's nationals could pay $3 for $1 if they could realize on securities. There may be a few commercial failures in the city within the next few days as a result of the suspension of banks, but it is believed that in no instance, whether a banking or com mercial house, will the failure be complete A resumption of business will follow shortly. It is stated today that the McNamara dry goods house, which failed Monday for $260,000, has settled with the principal creditors and will resume business Monday. While the situation in Denver is quieting down the effect of the local bank failures is being felt in interior towns in the state. Word was received here today that the First National bank at Canon City and the First National at Grand Junction, this state, failed to open their doors this morning. No particulars are at hand, but it is probable the failures were caused by the suspension of the Denver banks. The Flanders dry goods house, occupying five store fronts and five stories high on Sixteenth street, was attached this morning by H. N. Bradley, of Boulder, Col., for $24,000. There is no definite statement of the condition of the firm available. Competent judges place the assets at $200,000 wih liabilities at $25,000. The failure was caused by the suspension of the People's National bank to which $25,000 was due.

21. July 28, 1893 Bismarck Weekly Tribune Bismarck, ND
Article from Bismarck Weekly Tribune, July 28, 1893

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BISMARCK WEEKLY TRIBUNE: FRIDAY, JULY 28 1893 xpectant of an early turn in the current of affairs. They attach no serious importance to the troubles among the far western small banks, as it is found that those institutions are generally in a sound condition and may be expected to resume payment so soon as the temporary panic among depositors subsides. The "run" on the Denver banks appears to be chiefly due to the exciting harangues of certain local demagogues and silver fanatics, and therefore must subside on the sober second thought; while there will remain the advantage of its weakening the pro-silver element in Congress during the coming debate on the Sherman act. The silver states are having a taste of the fruits of their policy and will henceforth better understand what that policy means. The stock market has been unsettled and widely fluctuating. The "bears" have summoned their whole force of attack, employing every resource of rumor and canard and assailing almost every important stock on the list in detail. With allies in London, they have also attacked our securities in the transatlantic markets, causing heavy declines there and London sales in this city. Their forces have been handled in concert and with great skill, and some heavy declines have resulted from "short" sales from which however there have been quick recoveries upon purchases to cover the sales. The unsettled condition of the London market and the bank troubles in the west have encouraged the "bear" side, and that they have rot made a deeper impression on the market is clear evidence of its intrinsic strength. Purchases for investment are certainly on the increase, and hoarded money is gradually being turned into the dividend paying stocks. again into similar channels. Intelligence, enterprise, and genius would assert itself in the future as in the past, and it would be but a question of time when practically the same conditions as now exist would be brought about. It is pleasant to contemplate a condition of universal peace, contentment and prosperity for all, and quite another thing to put theory into practice. A sliding scale of taxation is the most logical theory. Remove the burdens of taxation as much as possible from the poor and add them to the rich. The millionaires do not pay their proportion of the taxes. They have not borne their just proportion in the past, else the accumulation of these vast fortunes in so short a time would not have been possible. THE North Dakota Independent, the organ of the present administration, goes out of its way to hit ex-Governor Burke, by declaring that "the people of the northern part of the state have lost faith in criminals getting their just deserts since Governor Burke pardoned, etc." Governor Burke pardoned one man out of the penitentiary for every month he was governor. Governor Shortridge's record has been the same and the TRIBUNE doesn't for a moment question the justness of this action. The pardoning power is one of the most difficult problems a governor has to deal with and those who know the least about the matter should be the last to criticise. The Independent is right when it says that the pardoning power should be in the hands of a board and not in the hands of the executive. It would relieve the governor of great embarassment. THE silver producing states that are endeavoring to pit area against capital full confession of his awful crime, and that it was taken down by a stenographer, has been transcribed, read to him and signed by the murderer. It ought not to require much time to meet out justice to this tiend, who, driven to the deed by lust as he confesses, brutally killed six people. DURING the fireworks display at the World's Fair, Saturday night, a bomb lost its bearings and fell through a light in the roof of the Manufactures building and set fire to one of the window screens. Now the authorities announce that there will be no more displays of fireworks on the grounds. On this mode of reasoning, if the roof should be taken off by a cyclone some day an order would be issued to put no more roofs on buildings. THE appointment of ex-Gov. Geo. C. Perkins, of San Francisco, United States senator to succeed the late Senator Stanford, was a disappointment to the friends of Editor Mike DeYoung, who thought they knew the intentions of Governor Markham. The dispatches say that Perkirs is a strong man and his greatest unpopularity comes from his friendship towards the Southern Pacific railway corporation. OCTOBER 11th is the day decided upon for North Dakota day at the fair, the theory being that at this late date very many farmers will be enabled to be present. The month of October will be the most interesting time for farmers to go to Chicago. The great display of live stock will be made in that month and it is certain that it will be the greatest display of the kind ever seen in the world. ATTORNEY GENERAL STANDISH has issued another proclamation. This time A ments of THE greatly d is being belief that state is v trust to i twine. I to make July pier binding t A. FEW

22. September 4, 1893 The Providence News Providence, RI
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gency will have disappeared. P1 ttsburg Dispatch. Business better, money easier, and the outlook good. Troy Times. There is a slight improvement in the industrial and financial situation here. heeling Register. Business conditions in this locality and near by portions of Ohio and Pennsylvania show a decided improvement over the situation during the past thirty days. St.Louis Republic. Money here is much easier and business is picking up in all jobbing departments. Many manufacturers are resuming, among which is ex-Congressman Neidringhaus' tin plate mills. Building trades are especially active while the prospects for the unemployed are unexcep ionally bright. Chicago Inter-Ocean. The retail trade of Chicago is greater than it has ever been this season of the year. Wholesa merchants report only fair buying by country merchants. The banks are strong in reserves and are loaning large amounts to move the crops. If New York would retire its clearing house certificates our bankers say over eight milligns of new loans would be made in ten days. Chicago Tribune. Business outlook very promising here. Collections improving, money growing easier day by day and merchants doing a splendid business for the present time of the year. Minneapolis Journal. Business prospects in the northwest have improved a good deal of late in a general way. Confidence is growing through the resumption of suspended banks. Money is somewhat easier than a month ago, and bankers feel much better. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. The business outlook here is decidedly encouraging. The banks are all sound, and merchants are letting money needed at fair rates. Real estate sales at full prices show evidence of the confidence of the people. Factories that closed down two months ago have resumed operations. Cincinnati Inquirer. Financial condition much improved. and everything indicates more prosperous times. Cleveland Leader. If congress would adjourn at once so the country could havesomething else to think of the panic would soon be forgotten. Portland Oregonian The past two weeks has notei a decided improvement in finances here at the Pacific Northwest, of which this city is the leading jobbing and banking centre. While there is still a scarcity of money, there is evidently a mutual understanding between buyer and seller not to crowd payments at the present time, and, as a result, no large business failures have been noted. Denver Republican. The business depression following the closing of Denver's banks in July is passing away, and all the national banks except one have reopened and report good lines of depositors. Confidence is being restored, money that was withdrawn is being deposited in the banks, and business in all lines is better. Cheyenne. Wyo., Leader, Encouraging features of business conditions are in mining. All coal mines are being worked to full capac ty. Great activity is being shown in prospecting for gold and developing gold mines, and numerous oil wells are being put down. Propositions made to connect oil pumps with railroad by pipe line makes prospects for placing oil on the market very bright. Indianapolis Sentinel. The business outlook for this city is all that can be expected. Sloux City Journal. There are some signs of improvement in business here. Detroit Free Press. The financial situation in this section is in provingdaily. Money is easier, general business is reviving and confiden e rapidly being restored. Notices of withdrawals, filed with the savings banks, are being cancelled and deposits largely increasing. The effect of the repeal of the purchase clause of the Sherman act by ongress has already made itself felt: merchants and manufacturers are encouraged and looking forward to a 200 I fall trade. Atlanta Constitution, Economic methods of the farmers, together with home supplies, which they have raised, have made cotton a surplus. Crop cotton is beginning to move, and there is money enough to handle it. Tradeis improving, and the outlook is very encouraging. Natchez Democrat. E. K. Thompson, acting president of

23. October 21, 1897 The Middleburgh Post Middleburg, PA
Article from The Middleburgh Post, October 21, 1897

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Result of Free Trade and Pro tective Laws. ONE BRINGS RUIN; THE OTHER PROSPERITY Sixty Days Under the Wilson and Sixty Under the Dingley Law. close of the first 60 days of law and vis operations of the new a are in every that 10 compatison B suggested 1919 have during the two months conditions with those of the correspond Cleve question date in the first year of the which ing administration, during elected land the free trade congress be time President Cleveland was just with its attack upon the protective day system ginning which the Dingley law 60 ago two periods re-established. from July 24 to in The the years of 1893 and 1897, 24. spectively, present a marked contrac business conditions, and it is as to to obtain from government ords sible some data bearing upon this and now especially interesting. ject SIXTY DAYS UNDER WILSON LAW The following data, gathered largely official reports, presents a picture 1893 from the 60 day period of the year ended of which the two months just with correspond. both as to the portion and the period of the presi the dential year administration and also proxim ity to tariff legislation. Week ending June 24, 1893.-Failur bank Bezeman, Mont., National doors of Denver banks closed their cit Four suspensions in other western Bank Two bank failures in Milwauke banks ies. runs on numerous other fails and Commercial bank, of Denver, Ver $250,000. Bank failures at capi capital, Tex., and Knoxville, Tenn.: non. $200,000. Failure of Tacoma, Wash. also tal, National bank; capital, $200,000; Mont. failures of banks at Great Falls, Sus Orlando, Fla.: capital, $200,000. and pension of work in manufactories ported from all sections. Week ending Aug. 1, 1893.-Nationa In at Manchester, N. H., and banks dianapolis, Ind., fall: capital, $500,000 of First National bank at bank Spo Failure Wash.: capital, $250,000. Ten kane, in one day (July 27): capital Da suspend $2,000,000. Bank failures in South Texas Montana, Illinois, Kansas, cor kota, Washington, New Hampshire, and business respondingly large number of Week suspensions. ending Aug. 8, 1893.-Collaps Chicago provision deal and Failure many of failures of commission houses. Fail National bank of El Paso, Tex. of of National bank of San Antonio Mun ure Failure of National bank of Tex. Ind. Fifty-third congress destruc meets in cie, special session to begin its tion of the McKinley law. Week ending Aug. 28, 1893.-Encoun