Bank of Commerce (Indianapolis, IN)

Episode Information

Episode UID
8542527391123
Episode Type
Run → Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
trust
Bank ID
854252739 hash
Start Date
July 25, 1893
Location
Indianapolis, Indiana (39.768, -86.158)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
6a82dcf5265061e9

Response Measures

None

Description

Bank type inferred (name lacks 'National'); Depauw-related nervousness triggered withdrawals.

Events (3)
1. July 25, 1893 Run
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Nervousness and withdrawals triggered by the failure/financial troubles of C. W. Depauw and the Depauw estate (owners/controllers of the bank).
Measures
Bank was prepared for emergencies and attempted to obtain assistance; directors closed doors to await aid.
Newspaper Excerpt
The Bank of Commerce did not open this morning. ... a run was made on the bank Monday.
Source
newspapers
2. July 25, 1893 Suspension
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Suspension followed a run driven by nervousness about the Depauw failure and absence of promised external assistance.
Newspaper Excerpt
The Bank of Commerce did not open this morning. ... it was deemed best to suspend until some of the resources of the bank will be available.
Source
newspapers
3. October 2, 1893 Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
The Bank of Commerce, which suspended the latter part of July, reopened today. The sign bank open was displayed promptly at 9 o'clock.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (24)
1. May 12, 1893 The Times Richmond, VA
Article from The Times, May 12, 1893

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HARDTIMES COMEAGAIN TOO LITTLE MONEY CAUSES SEV. ERAL BANK FAILURES. The Capital of Indianapolis and the Colume bia of Chicago Suspend Failure Also at Wilmington. INDIANAPOLIS IND., May 11.-The Capital National Bank, of this city, has suspended. The statement is made that the closing of the bank's doors was made necessary by the failure of the Chemical National Bank of Chicago last week, which institution owed the Capital $100,000. The bank also carried a large amount of Premier Steel Works paper. The latter concern was Placed in the hands of a receiver on Friday last. The bank opened, as usual, at 9 o'clock, but it was simply opened, pending an attempt to meet a run on it from depositors, with assistance of other banks The Capital was not a member of the Clearing-House Association, and has been at war with it. When the other banks were asked for assistance, they met and declined to render any. The doors of the Capital were then at once closed by order of the directors. The first public intimation of the failure was the placard pasted on the window. and the excitement for a time was intense. A number of people withdrew their deposits from other banks. The Bank of Commerce had quite a run. It is controlled by the Depaus, who were the controllers of the Premier Steel Works, now in the hands of a receiver. Some of the paper of the Steel Company was held by the Capital Bank. The Bank of Commerce was prepared for all emergencles. and confidence was soon restored. The actual liabilities of the Capital are about $1,050,000. The paid up capital stock is $300,000. and the assets are estimated at $250,000. M. B. Wilson was president, and Charles B. Doherty cashier. The failure may endanger the solvency of banks at Vincennes, Sullivan and Gas City, in which Wilson, Doherty and others are large stockholders, and between which and the Capital intimate relations existed. The Comptroller of the Currency has telegraphed that a special agent is on his way to take charge of the bank. It is believed that the Capital will pay 100 cents on the dollar. Wilmington Bankers Suspend. WILMINGTON DEL. May 11-The annourcement of the failure of R. R. Robinson & Co., bankers and brokers of this city, to-day created a profound sensation. Rumors of the failure of this well-known firm have been on the street for several days, and business circles have been excited. The liabilities of the firm are estimated at $300,000. while the assets do not exceed $100,000. The sheriff has seized all the property of the bankrupt firm. Another Chicago Bank Fails. CHICAGO, ILL., May --The Columbia National Bank of this city has failed. In a report of the bank's condition, made by its officers at the close of business May 4th, the deposits were stated to be nearly one and a half million dollars. The capital stock of the bank is $1,000,000. The failure was due to unprecedented withdrawals of deposits during the past two weeks, amounting to nearly half a million dollars Yesterday a demand for $100,000 was made by a customer. The demand was met, but it so impaired the condition of the bank that it was decided to seek the aid of other institutions today. This was done this morning, but rival banks were not inclined to give temporary aid till an examination of the bank's affairs had been made. At 11 o'clock it was decided to announce the failure of the institution, and a notice to that effect was posted on its doors. Insignificant London Failure. LONDON, May 11.-Hallett & Company, navy agents and bankers, have suspended. The suspension has caused a sensation in military and naval circles at the West End, as many officers are depositors with the company, but commercially the failure is of slight importance. The members of the firm are James Alfred Hallett, William Charles Hallett and Milford Hallett, and their place of business Is 7 St. Martin's Place, W. C.

2. May 17, 1893 The Enterprise Wellington, OH
Article from The Enterprise, May 17, 1893

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BANKS SUSPEND. The Capital National, at Indianapolis, Closes Its Doors. The Columbia National Bank, at Chicago, in the Same Predleament-Both Suspensions Caused by the Recent Failure of the Chemical National Bank at Chicago. INDIANAPOLIS, May 12.-The Capital bank of National this morning. city suspended The suspayments yesterday was caused of the pension Chemical National by bank the of failure Chicago and the Premier steel works of this city. The Chemical bank is debtor to the Capital National to the amount of at least $90,000. The first public intimation of the failure was the placard pasted in the window and the excitement for a time was intense. A number of people withdrew their deposits from other banks. The Bank of Commerce had quite a run. It is controlled by the Depauws, who were the controllers of the Premier steel works, now in the hands of a receiver. Some of the paper of the steel company was held by the bank. The was for all and Capital prepared Bank emergencies of Commerce confidence was soon restored. The actual liabilities of the Capital are about $1,505,000. The paid up capital stock is $800,000 and the assets are $250,000. M. B. Wilson was and estimated president at Charles B. Doherty cashier. The failure may endanger the solvency of banks at Vincennes, Sullivan and Gas City, in which Wilson, and others are Doherty large the stockholders, between which and Capital intimate relation existed. It is believed that the Capital will pay 100 cents on the dollar. CHICAGO, May 12.-The Columbia National bank of this city suspended yesterday. Rumors that the institution was in trouble have been current for nearly a week. It did business with small country banks and was not in esteem with the other banking concerns of the city. In a report of the bank's condition, made its officers at ness the were to May by 4, deposits the close stated of busibe nearly $1,500,000. The capital stock of the bank is $1,000,000. Bankers look upon the failure as natural consequence of more than one condition. Those in a position to know, declare that the Columbia owed $100,000 to a certain bank whose name is withheld, and that this bank refusing to accommodate the weakened institution and it to secure the to tide it over the means give time its difficulties, crisis was forced and the bank had to close its doors in consequence. Another reason for in business leged inexperience given the failure banking is the alof the efficials. The president of the concern, Zimri Dwiggins, came to this city from Logansport, Ind., and is believed to be interested in two or three banks in the Hoosier state. Some time ago the Columbia National made application to be admitted into the clearing house association. The bank's affairs were carefully examined with a view to such admission, but the showing made by its officials $ was so poor that the application was , rejected. , WILMINGTON, Del., May 12.-The an1 nouncement of the failure of R. R. Rob8 inson & Co., bankers and brokers of this city, yesterday ereated a profound sensation. The liabilities of the firm are estimated at $800,000, while it is said the assets will not exceed $100,000. WASHINGTON, May 12.-Comptroller 9 Eckels has designated D. A. Cook, bank 1 examiner for Illinois, outside of the t city of Chicago, to take charge of the Columbia National bank of Chicago. He has also telegraphed Hugh Young, I bank examiner for western Pennsylvan nia, residing at Pittsburgh, to proceed 1 at once to Indianapolis and take charge a of the Capital National bank of that r city.

3. May 19, 1893 The Goodland Republic Goodland, KS
Article from The Goodland Republic, May 19, 1893

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MANY BANKS FAILED. INDIANA INSTITUTIONS FALL WITH THE COLUMBIA. Capital National of Indianapolis Forced to Close Its Doors-Lincoln Grain Dealers Fail, With Heavy Liabilities-Sioux City Company Collapsed. INDIANAPOLIS, May 13.-The Capital National bank, established here over two years ago, suspended payment Thursday morning. The bank opened as usual at 9 o'clock, but it was simply pending an attempt to meet a run on it from the state depositors, with assistance from the other banks. The Capital was not a member of the Clearing House association, and has been at war with it. When the other banks were asked for assistance they met and declined to render any. The doors of the Capital were at once closed by order of the directors. The first public intimation was the placard on the window, and excitament became intense. Some withdrew deposits from the other banks. The Bank of Commerce had quite a run. It is controlled by the Depauws, who were the owners of the Premier Steel works, now in a receiver's hands, and some of the paper of the latter was held by the Capital bank. The Bank of Commerce was prepared for all emergencies, and confidence was soon restored. The direct cause of the Capital's failure is the failare of the Chemical National bank of Chicago, with which the Capital had a deposit of over $80,000. The failure of the Capital National bank may endanger the banks at Vincennes, Sullivan and Gas City, in which Wilson, Doherty and others were large stockholders, and the relations between the banks were intimate. It is not known accurately whether the failure will affect their solvency. The clearing house banks refused assistance because they believed that the suspension could not be averted.

4. July 25, 1893 Evening Star Washington, DC
Article from Evening Star, July 25, 1893

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WESTERN BANKS SUSPEND. Nervousness Caused by the Depauw Failure at Indianapolis. INDIANAPOLIS, IND., July 25. -Indian apolis was in a fever of excitement this morning. At nearly all the banks there were depositors drawing out their money. The doors of the Bank of Commerce were not open this morning. This was not unexpected, as the bank was owned by the Depauws, and the Depauw estate, and because of the failure of C. W. Depauw Seturday a run was made on the bank yesterday. The bank is the oldest in the city and one of the oldest in the state. Vice President John W. Ray says that the nervousness about the Depauws was the cause of the run. Assistance, he says, was promised. but was not forthcoming When it was found that the Indianapolis National had closed its doors this morning It was deemed best to suspend until some of the resources of the bank will be avallable. He says that the suspension will be only temporary. LOUISVILLE, KY., July 25.-The Merchants' National Bank suspended payment this morning. 1:30 p. m.-The - Fourth National Bank has closed its doors. MEDFORD; WIS., July 25.-The Taylor County Bank. owned by Hartman & Matt. assigned yesterday for the benefit of creditors to E. L. Urquhart. The bank was the depository for county and city funds. Assets are given at $16,000. Herman Matt, the cashier, has absconded. MILWAUKEE. July -The Wisconsin Fire and Marine Insurance Company Bank closed its doors this morning. This is Senator Mitchell's bank, and has been considered the strongest bank in the city.

5. July 26, 1893 The Helena Independent Helena, MT
Article from The Helena Independent, July 26, 1893

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Business Difficulties. LOUISVILLE, July .-The Merchants National. the Fourth National and the Louisville Deposit bank did not open this morning. There were rune on other banks, mostly small, but all stood the storm. None of the failures AIR considered bad. Depositors of the two national banks will be paid in full. MILWAUKEE. July 25.-The Wisconsin Marine and Fire Insurance bank closed its doors this morning. It was commonly known as the Mitchell bank. None of the other banks were affected. INDIANAPOLIS, July 25.-The Bank of Commerce and the Indianapolis National did not open their doors this morning.

6. July 26, 1893 Arizona Weekly Journal-Miner Prescott, AZ
Article from Arizona Weekly Journal-Miner, July 26, 1893

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TELEGRAPHIC BY ASSOCIATED PRESS TO JOURNAL-MINER. A Big Bank Failure, MILWAUKEE, W18., July 25.-The Fire and Marine Insurance Bank failed this morning. There are due to depositors nearly eight million dollars. The Panic Strikes "Injeeany." Indianapolis, July 25.-The Bank of Commerce and the Indianapolis National Banks failed to-day. The Baltimore & Ohio Keeps Up Its Liek. CLEVELAND, July 25.-An excursion train on the Baltimore & Ohio was wrecked near here this morning and twenty people were injured, three fatally.

7. July 26, 1893 The Morning News Savannah, GA
Article from The Morning News, July 26, 1893

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INDIANAPOLIS BANKS FAIL. A Quiet Run, as the Result of Rumors, Depleted One of Them. Indianapolis, Ind., July 25.-The Indianapolis National Bank suspended this morning. The failure is for $1,200,000. For some days rumors have been current that the bank was in trouble and these rumors had the effect of starting a quiet run upon it, which, though quiet, depleted the bank's funds and finally made necessary the action of to-day. The Bank of Commerce did not open its doors this morning.

8. July 26, 1893 The Daily Morning Astorian Astoria, OR
Article from The Daily Morning Astorian, July 26, 1893

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WRECKS IN INDIANAPOLIS. Indianapolis, July 25,-The Indianapolis National bank, and the Bank of Com merce failed to open their doors this morning: The Indianapolis National was considered one of the strongest banks in the city and was the desig nated depository of the United States. At eleven a heavy run was begun on the Indiana National.

9. July 26, 1893 New-York Tribune New York, NY
Article from New-York Tribune, July 26, 1893

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ALL THE LIST DECLINES. THE BANK FAILURES DEPRESS PRICES. HEAVY CURRENCY SHIPMENTS TO MILWAUKEE, LOUISVILLE AND OTHER WESTERN POINTS-TROUBLE WITH PHILADELPHIA COLLECTIONS. Depressing news, to which to attribute further demoralization of the stock market, was not lacking yesterday. On the contrary. It came in with a rush from the sections of the West which have been the recent centres of uncertainty. The morning bad shown some encouraging features, among which was the continued buying for London account, and the feeling was reflected In the prices of some stocks. The news from the West, however, turned the current. The telegraphic announcement of the failure of the Indianapolis National Bank and the Bank of Commerce, of the same city, and, still more, the suspension of the Wisconsin Marine and Fire Insurance Bank of Milwaukee, contributed an element of significance far more effective than recent signs of Western financial distress have been. Following them came the news of other bank failures, notably of the Louisville Deposit Bank. the Merchants' and the Fourth National, of Louisville. All of the Institutions named are in citles from which. with St. Louis, Chicago and Cincinnati, have come the largest demands for currency. These cities have taken the bulk of the millions which have been shipped in the last four or five days. There is yet no end to this westward movement in sight, though accurate prognostication Is as impossible as accurate figures of shipments are unobtainable. It was estimated that another $1,500,000 was sent yesterday from New-York banks in response to calls from Western Institutions. The continued big balance of currency movement against New-York is an unpleasant surprise to the bankers here, who have been hoping that the calls for currency had reached their limit. In the language of the Street, New-York has financed" the country, and the burden has not lightened yet. From the cities where banks were crashing the calls for money yesterday were naturally urgent. One Milwaukce bank telegraphed Its New-York correspondent: "The Marine and Insurance has suspended. We are sound. Can you send us $200,000 currency ?" The amount asked for was sent. Larger smounts were sent to St. Louis and Louisville. There were also some receipts of currency, especially from the Southwest, but financial men estimated that the balance against New-York equalled the shipments made on Monday and on Saturday. The demand for currency at the Sub-Treasury amounted to $400,000. The Clearing House Loan Committee authorized the Issuance of $50,000 in loan certificates, making the amount outstanding $22,000,000. It was expected that 2% much larger amount of new certificates would be issued, reports having It that an additional million or so was to be demanded. Chairman Frederick D. Tappen ridiculed these rumors, as did also other officials of the Clearing House. There was, however, a feeling that a considerable increase of the certificates to-day or to-morrow would not be the happening of the unexpected. The $50,000 issued yesterday was taken by a small uptown bank. The Sub-Treasury was a debtor to the Clearing House yesterday $600,000, and it followed its as yet unexplained course of last week by paying that amount in gold. Its balance on Monday was paid in currency. Money on call opened at 4 per cent, but stiffened to 8 per cent and closed at that point. Time money is still practically unobtainable. One banker called attention yesterday to the fact that from June 18, 1892. to July 18, 1893, the NewYork banks suffered a shrinkage in deposits of $149, 000,000. or this amount there has been a loss of $97,000,000 since February 11. 1893. The deposits in June. 1892. averaged about $534,608,000: in February, 1893. about $491,747,000. and this month about 2204 174.000, This great shrinkage makes more re-

10. July 26, 1893 Pawtucket Tribune Pawtucket, RI
Article from Pawtucket Tribune, July 26, 1893

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Business Complications. The Louisville Bank of Deposits has failed. The Indianapolis National bank has closed. The Taylor County (Miss.) bank has assigned. The First National bank, Orlando, Fla., has suspended. The Bank of Commerce, Indianapolis, has suspended. The Merchants' National bank, Louisville, has failed. E. J. Gaynor, railroad contractor, Pottsville, Pa., has failed. The J. Obermann Brewing company of Milwaukee has failed. The Wisconsin Fire and Marine Insurance bank has closed. Parkhurst & Wilkinson, Chicago iron merchants, have assigned. The G. B. Hodgman Manufacturing company, Sandusky, o., has assigned.

11. July 27, 1893 Wheeling Register Wheeling, WV
Article from Wheeling Register, July 27, 1893

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CONCERNING BUSINESS AND FINANCE. INDIANAPOLIS, IND., July 26.-There were no disturbing scenes at any of the Indianapolis banks to-day and business wore its usual aspect. The determination expressed yesterday by the business community to proceed calmly is evidently in permanent force. There was nothing unusual in the demeanor of the people about the banks and other business centres. The expression most frequently heard was that Indianapolis had no cause for alarm. The banks have been hoardng gold for six months and all conservative citizens are operating with them to preserve a normal state in the financial situation. Bank examiner Young arrived in the city to-day. He went to the Indianapolis National Bank and took possession in accordance with the instructions from Washington. John W. Ray, of the Bank of Commerce, says that bank will make no assignment but that on the contrary it will resume business. It is beleived that this bank has made substantial arrangements for aid. DALLAS, TEXAS. July 26.-The Land Loan and Collecting Agency of Murphy and Bolang has made a general assignment. E.S. Loughberough was named as the assignee. The cause given is the stringency in the money market and failure of the banks and Eastern correspondents to carry their paper. No schedule of assets or liabilities have been filed; but as the firm did an enormous business the chances are that the liabilities will reach $500,000 and the assets fully that sum. MILWAUKEE, WIS., July 26.-The bank panic in this city is over. To-day there is not the slightest tendency toward a run on any of the local banks. The crowds that have surrounded the various hanking institutions from morning to night the past week have dispersed, and business at the paying teller's window has resumed its normal condition. The men in charge of the affairs of the several failed banks are engaged in preparing statements, but none

12. July 27, 1893 Mexico Weekly Ledger Mexico, MO
Article from Mexico Weekly Ledger, July 27, 1893

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DISASTER TO BANKS. Depositors Clamoring for Their Money in the Banks at IndianapolisBank Failure at Milwankee, Special Dispatch to the Ledger INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., July 25.A semi-financial panic is prevalent in this city. All the banks aresubjected to runs by depositors and up to this hour two have succumbed. The Indianapolis National Bank has closed its doors with liabilities amounting to $1,200,000. It holds $300,000 of United States funds. The Bank of Commerce is also closed. MILWAUKEE BANKS CLOSED. Special Dispatch to the Ledger. MILWAUKEE, Wis.,July 25.-Fire and Marine Insurance Company Bank of this city closed its doors to-day. It was considered the strongest concern in Milwaukee. IN A RECEIVER'S HANDS. Special Dispatch to the Ledger. SANDUSKY, Ohio, July 25.-The Hodgeman Manufacturing Company, one of the largest concerns in this city, has gone into the hands of a receiver.

13. July 27, 1893 The Sun New York, NY
Article from The Sun, July 27, 1893

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NO PANIC IN INDIANAPOLIS. Government Funds and the Money of Laboring People Tied Up In the Broken Bank. INDIANAPOLIS, July 26.-There were no disturbing scenes at any of the Indianapolis banks to-day and business wore its usual aspect. The determination expressed yesterday by the business community to proceed calmly is evidently in permanent force. There is nothing unusual in the demeanor of the people about the banks and other business centres. The expression most frequently heard was that Incianapolis had no cause for alarm. The banks have been hoarding gold for six months. and all conservative citizens are cooperating with them to preserve a normal state in the financial situation. Bank Examiner Young arrived in the city today. He went to the Indianapolis National Bank and took possession in accordance with the instructions from Washington. John W. Ray of the Bank of Commerce says that bank will make no assignment. but that. on the contrary. it will resume business. It is believed that this bank has made substantial arrangements for aid. The failure of the Indianapolis National Bank will result in inconvenience to the laboring people of the city, as a large percentage of them have their savings in that bank. The Tunds of the Grand Lodge of Indiana Odd Fellows and the Odd Fellows' Mutual Aid Association were in the bank on deposit. The bank was also the depositary of the general Government. and the funds for the Federal courts, the Post Office. and the pension agency of Indiana will be tied up indefinitely. The International Typographical Union. whose headquarters are located here. had $30,000 in the bank. President Prescott says, however. that the organization has money on deposit in Philadelphia. and no inconvenience will result unless the money here should be lost. The Central Chair Company. employing 150 (gmen. closed down yesterday owing to the failsure. The company had a large deposit in the Indianapolis National Bank. and all its ready money is thus tied up. COLUMBUS, Ind.. July 26.-A meeting of the stockholders of the First National Bank was held here last evening for the purpose of signing and publishing a statement that the stockholders, who are worth $4,000,000, pledged their personal property for the payment in full of all deposits.

14. July 27, 1893 Democratic Northwest Napoleon, OH
Article from Democratic Northwest, July 27, 1893

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THE STRINGENCY Continues to Get in Its Work in Various Parts of the Country. Indianapolis, July 25.-The Indianapolis National bank, capital $300,000, has closed its doors. For some days rumors have been current to the effect that the bank was in trouble. For many years the Indianapolis National has been regarded as among the strongest banks in this city. The suspension of the bank is due to the general financial stringency. According to the statement of the bank made July 15, the loans and dis. counts amounted to $1,545,854.16, while the cash and securities on hand aggregated $683,000. The individual deposits subject to checks were $826,570.50. The bank was a United States depository, and had all the federal money in it, amounting exactly to $300,000. Another. The doors of the Bank of Commerce did not open Tuesday morning. This was not unexpected, as the bank was owned by the Depauwsand the Depauw estate, and because of the failure of C. W. Depauw Saturday a run was made on the bank Monday. The bank is the oldest in the city and one of the oldest in the state. It has a capital stock of $200,000 of the Depauw estate. Mrs. Washington C. Depauw, N. T. Depauw and C. W. Depauw owned nearly threefourths. The first two named are worth $5,000,000 and are liable for twice the amount of their stock. Vice President John W. Ray says the nervousness about the Depauw estate was the cause of the run. Assistance, he said, was promised, but was not forthcoming. He said that the suspension was only temporary.

15. July 28, 1893 The Great West Saint Paul, MN
Article from The Great West, July 28, 1893

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AND YET THEY COME. Tuesday evening and Wednesday morning papers were curiosities. Take the Daily News for illustration: One column had a telegraphic report from Eckels, Comptroller, stating that all the trouble was over-the country was safe, and no failures were probable. This was written the 24th. On the 25th and 26th it took over two columns of fine type to record the failures, among them the oldest and strongest banks in the U.S. The most remarkable statement ever made in the financial world came in the finance columns of Tuesday, from New York. It was the statement that "the Philadelphia banks are unable to meet their payments, and the New York exchange is disturbed at this failure on their part!" And yet, so fearful is the goldbug organization that they do not dare to throw Philadelphia into bankruptcy. One attachment issued and over goes everything! We make up a list of a few of the failures, as they occur in one daily issue: Bradford & Church, bankers, Chicago. Henry Bach, wholesale clothing, N. Y. Wisconsin F. & M. Ins. Co. Bank, Milwaukee, by far the strongest bank in the city, and caused great excitement. The city had $1,630,000 in the bank, and will have to suspend payment, as the county did when the Commercial recently closed out. The C. M. & St. P. Ry is also mixed up in it. Several other Milwaukee institutions follow the above failure. New York-a panic raged on the N.Y. stock exchange all day Tuesday, "owing to the bank crashes." "Everything is all right," says Eckels!! INDIANAPOLIS. The Bank of Commerce failed Wednesday. The failure is for over a million dollars.; It was a U.S. Depository, and had over $800,000 of the government funds in it. "It is only a weeding out of banks that ought not to exist," said Eckels, recently! The Indianapolis National Bank failed the same day. "This was one of the oldest and soundest financial institutions in the west." Last week's statement showed over $1,000,000 of bonds to secure depositors! It was the oldest in the city. C. W. Depauw, the banker capitalist, failed on Saturday. The other banks are being run on and several factories have closed. LOUISVILLE. The Louisville Deposit Bank, failed the 25th. The Merchants National went down also, the third national bank to fail in three days, in Louis ville. The Fourth National closed its doors the afternoon of the 25th. The Bank of Commerce went down same day. The Hudson River Tunnel Co., Jersey City, has tumbled. The Hodgman Manufacturing Company, Sandusky, has "gone out." Ripley & Bronson, iron merchants, St. Louis, failed. Olaf Pary, New York Mills, Minn., has collapsed. Wealthiest Finlander in the west. Montezuma Silver Mines, Col., in a receiver's hands. Parkhurst & Wilkinson, iron, Chicago, gone under. $1,000,000. Farmers National Bank, Toledo, closed its doors at noon today. (25th.) Gayner, the great railroad conductor, Pottsville, Pa., assigned today. The St. Louis Steam Heating Co. closed today. Tacoma banks are in trouble. The Manchester National Bank of the Commonwealth went over the 25th. Eastern Cotton mills closing every day. Gloomy. On the morning of the 26th the papers were at last compelled to get off their perch, and admit that the situation as to finances was gloomy, and foreboded disaster. The display heads say, "The New York Money Kings Do not Like the Situation." The New England banks are all tottering. A. meeting of the silver men of New York was broken up by the republican goldbug gang. It was held at 5th Avenue Hotel. Wall Street is at last gloomy. The cloud is darkly gathering. And yet it is but the beginning.

16. July 29, 1893 The Bessemer Indicator Pueblo, Bessemer, CO
Article from The Bessemer Indicator, July 29, 1893

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THE FINANCIAL SITUATION. On the 25th the Mitchell bank at Milwaukee closed its doors Its deposits amount to nearly $3,000,000, assets $9,000,000. At Indianapolis the Indianapolis National bank and the Bank of Commerce closed their loors. Joint liabilities $2,500,000. Three banks at Louisville, Kentucky, also falled on the 25th. They are the Merchants' National, the Fourth National and the Louisville Deposit bank. None of the failures are considered bad ones. Depositors in the two national banks will be paid in full, and the loss to stockhoMers will not be more than 60 per cent. In either case. The situation on the New York stock exchange on the 26th was critical and a panic was narrowly averted. The news that the Erle railroad had gone into the hands of a receiver was largely responsible for the break in stocks which felt from 1 to 4 points. H. I. Nicholas & Ea. brokers, assigned.

17. August 2, 1893 The Weekly Register Point Pleasant, WV
Article from The Weekly Register, August 2, 1893

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THE STRINGENCY Continues to Get in Its Work in Varlous Parts of the Country. INDIANAPOLIS, July 25.-The Indianapolis National bank, capital $800,000, has closed its doors. For some days rumors have been current to the effect that the bank was in trouble. For many years the Indianapolis National has been regarded as among the strongest banks in this city. The suspension of the bank is due to the general financial stringency. According to the statement of the bank made July 15, the loans and discounts amounted to $1,545,854.16, while the cash and securities on hand aggregated $683,000. The individual deposits subject to checks were $826,570.50. The bank was a United States depository, and had all the federal money in it, amounting exactly to $300,000. Another. The doors of the Bank of, Commerce did not open Tuesday morning. This was not unexpected, as the bank was owned by the Depauwsand the Depauw estate, and because of the failure of C. W. Depauw Saturday a run was made on the bank Monday. The bank is the oldest in the city and one of the oldest in the state. It has a capital stock of $200,000 of the Depauw estate. Mrs. Washington C. Depauw, N. T. Depauw and C. W. Depauw owned nearly threefourths. The first two named are worth $5,000,000 and are liable for twice the amount of their stock. Vice President John W. Ray says the Dervousness about the Depauw estate was the cause of the run. Assistance, he said, was promised, but was not forthcoming. He said that the suspension was only temporary.

18. August 4, 1893 Idaho County Free Press Grangeville, ID
Article from Idaho County Free Press, August 4, 1893

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FURTHER FINANCIAL TROUBLES. Banks at Indianapolis and Milwaukee Close Their Doors. Indianapolis, Ind., July 25.-The Indianapolis National bank and Bank of Commerce failed to open their doors this morning. The Indianapolis National was considered one of the strongest in the city, and was designated as a depository of the United States. At 11 o'clock a heavy run was being made on the Indiana National.

19. August 9, 1893 Watertown Republican Watertown, WI
Article from Watertown Republican, August 9, 1893

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Mexico to unite all Latin-American nations in a monetary league to resist the depreciation in silver. THE revolution in Argentine is spreading. THE First National Bank at Birmingham, Ala., has suspended. THE tin plate factory at Atlanta, Ind., is in the hands of a receiver. BRIDGEMAN'S saw-mill at St. Cloud, Minn., burned. Loss, $20,000. BOILERMAKERS at Bay City, Mich., struck for a nine-hour work-day. W. B. RICHIE has withdrawn as Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio. A BLOCK of wooden buildings burned at Yonkers, N. Y., causing a loss of $100,000. A RECEIVER was appointed at Denver for the Hamilton Loan and Trust Company. THE Lorain Manufacturing Company failed at Elyria, O. The liabilities are $105,000. THE Savings Bank at Anthony, Kas., has failed. The county treasurer had $14,875 on deposit. CoL. C. H. JONES, of St. Louis, has taken editorial and managerial charge of the New York World. IN a battle between revolutionists and government troops in Buenos Ayres, 100 men were killed and 300 injured. OFFICERS of the Indianapolis Bank of Commerce have decided that it shall reopen in sixty days for business. THE gold in the treasury now exceeds the reserve limit, and issue of certificates will probably soon be resumed. VICE-PRESIDENT STEVENSON wasaccorded an ovation at Grand Forks, S. D., where he arrived from the Pacific Coast. LENA ECUBERT, 6 years old, of Massillon, 0., played with matches, set her clothes on fire, and was burned to a crisp. WILL JOHNSON, a colored prisoner charged with burglary, jumped from a train at Mexico, Mo., and was instantly killed. THE O'Brien wagon works at Lafayette, Ind., have been closed because 165 men refused to accept a 10 per cent. reduction. PRESIDENT AYLESWORTH, of Drake University, at Des Moines, Ia., has declined to be the Prohibition candidate for governor. IN districts in Kansas where hard times prevail the various religious denominations are combining in the interest of economy. JUDGE LARCOM, of New York, is likely to succeed Judge Blatchford on the supreme bench, though Judge Baldwin, of Connecticut, is being pushed. SIXTY tramps captured an east-bound freight at Tolleston, Ind., driving the train hands into the caboose, but fled on approaching Valparaiso. SECRET clubs are being formed throughout Indiana under direction of L. T. Michener in the interest of Harrison's renomination in 1896. THE works of the American Rubber Company at Cambridgeport, Mass., have closed down for two weeks, throwing 1,700 operatives out of employment.

20. August 10, 1893 Eagle River Review Eagle River, WI
Article from Eagle River Review, August 10, 1893

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SARAH PERRY, 18 years old, died at Montezuma, Ind., of poison. It is said that a dissipated father impelled her to suicide. ALL credit has been abolished in Colorado and everything is done on a cash basis. The plan favors large cities where prices are low. THE Atchison has given notice that after August 10 it will discontinue all traffic relations with the Jacksonville Southeastern Road. STRIKERS at the Arkansas Valley smelter at Leadville, Col., stoned men willing to work. The Leadville militia has been called out. A PROJECT is on foot at the City of Mexico to unite all Latin-American nations in a monetary league to resist the depreciation in silver. THE revolution in Argentine is spreading. THE First National Bank at Birmingham, Ala., has suspended. THE tin plate factory at Atlanta, Ind., is in the hands of a receiver. BRIDGEMAN'S saw-mill at St. Cloud, Minn., burned. Loss, $20,000. BOILERMAKERS at Bay City, Mich., struck for a nine-hour work-day. W. B. RICHIE has withdrawn as Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio. A BLOCK of wooden buildings burned at Yonkers, N. Y., causing a loss of $100,000. A RECEIVER was appointed at Denver for the Hamilton Loan and Trust Company. THE Lorain Manufacturing Company failed at Elyria, O. The liabilities are $105,000. THE Savings Bank at Anthony, Kas., has failed. The county treasurer had $14,875 on deposit. COL. C. H. JONES, of St. Louis, has taken editorial and managerial charge of the New York World. IN a battle between revolutionists and government troops in Buenos Ayres, 100 men were killed and 300 injured. OFFICERS of the Indianapolis Bank of Commerce have decided that it shall reopen in sixty days for business. THE gold in the treasury now exceeds the reserve limit, and issue of certificates will probably soon be resumed. VICE-PRESIDENT STEVENSON wasaccorded an ovation at Grand Forks, S. D., where he arrived from the Pacific Coast. LENA ECUBERT, 6 years old, of Massillon, O., played with matches, set her clothes on fire, and was burned to a crisp.

21. September 13, 1893 Asheville Daily Citizen Asheville, NC
Article from Asheville Daily Citizen, September 13, 1893

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MORE SIGNS OF GOOD TIMES. Silk and Iron Mills Busy Again--Bank Will Reopen. ALLENTOWN, Pa., Sept. 10.-The industrial outlook in Allentown is brighteniug. The broad silk department of the Adelaide Silk mill, which has been running on half time for several months, has started on full time, giving employment to 600 hands. The Kluenter jurniture factory, which has been idle for six weeks, has started up with orders enough to keep the force at work until winter. The Consolidated Steel and Wire company will resume this week. It has been idle since July 1. COLUMBIA, Pa., Sept. 10.-The Susquehanna Iron company and the Columbia Iron company will resume tomorrow, giving employment to 900 persons. INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., Sept. 10.-The cashier of the Bank of Commerce says the bank will resume Oct. 1.-N. Y. World.

22. October 3, 1893 St. Paul Daily Globe Saint Paul, MN
Article from St. Paul Daily Globe, October 3, 1893

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Another Bank Opens. INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., Oct. 2. - The Bank of Commerce, which suspended the latter part of July, reopened today. The sign "bank open" was displayed promptly at 9 o'clock. The first two callers deposited money and the third cashed a small check. There was no run on the bank, and throughout the day business went on at the bank as though nothing had happened. Cashier Bosson said the bank reopened in excellent condition, and cash with which to meet all liabilities.

23. October 11, 1893 The Weekly Register Point Pleasant, WV
Article from The Weekly Register, October 11, 1893

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Bank Reopens. Indianapolis, Oct. 3.-The Bank of Commerce, which suspended the latter part of July, has reopened. Cashier Bosson said the bank reopened in excellent condition, and had cash with which to meet all liabilities.

24. October 13, 1893 The Iola Register Iola, KS
Article from The Iola Register, October 13, 1893

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THE WEST. THE Northwest Iowa M. E. conference adopted resolutions vigorously denouncing the old political parties for avoiding prohibition as an issue. THE barns, engine and power house, together with a large number of motors and trail cars of the Canton & Massillon (0.) electric railway, were totally destroyed by fire. Loss, $100,000. A PARTY of seven, out sailing near the entrance of Coos Bay, Oregon, were capsized by a gust of wind and B. M. Delouney, two children and John Wikland were drowned. Two ladies and a child held on to the boat and were rescued. RETURNS show that 115,000 obtained certificates for the strip opening. Two tramps were killed and two fatally injured in a wreck on the C., C., C. & St. L. near Edgemont, Ind. THE Pan-American bimetallic convention met at St. Louis on the 3d. CHILDREN under twelve years will be admitted to the world's fair on and after October 10 for 10 cents. The inmates of orphan asylums will be admitted free on certain days to be named by the council of administration. THE Bank of Commerce at Indianapolis, Ind., closed since July, has reopened JUDGE Cox, of the criminal court, and Judge Brown, of the circuit court of Indianapolis, Ind., have cited each other to appear on the charge of contempt at the same hour. C.F. MAXSON, the missing president of the Farina (III.) bank, has written his wife she will never hear from him again. From $12,000 to $15,000 is due his creditors. SERIOUS trouble is threatened between Catholics and Protestants at Pawnee, III., over religious exercises held in the public schools. JUDGE SHIRAS, of the federal court at Sioux City, has taken under advisement the application for a receiver for the Sioux City & Northern road. A REPORT received at Helena. Mont., says that Deputy Marshal Jackson made an attempt to capture the Northern Pacific train robbers and that seven of his posse were killed.