gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
e4a855d078b5396f
Response Measures
None
Events (1)
1.November 6, 1905Run
Cause
Rumor Or Misinformation
Cause Details
Workers misinterpreted payrolls being paid in cash (instead of checks) as a sign something was wrong with the bank, provoking withdrawals.
Measures
Bank officials displayed piles of currency and gold to reassure depositors; most withdrawn funds were redeposited.
Newspaper Excerpt
Cash payments of wages in Indiana Harbor frightened the employes ... that they started a run on the Indiana Harbor State bank.
Source
newspapers
Newspaper Articles (7)
1.November 6, 1905The Topeka State JournalTopeka, KS
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Article Text
SIGHT OF MONEY. Starts Run on a Bank and Also Stops It. Chicago, Nov. 6.-Cash payments of wages in Indiana Harbor frightened the employes of the big factories there so greatly last week that they started a run on the Indiana Harbor State bank. The financial storm raged for three days and the tempest was quieted solely by the sight of piles of currency and gold which the bank officials placed in view of the ignorant foreigners who were clamoring for their money. The run at last was checked and nearly all the money that was drawn out has been re-deposited. The ánomalous fright resulted from the fact that the Inland Steel company at the end of the previous week, on the regular payday paid in cash instead of following its old custom of giving the employes checks drawn on the bank. This led to the conclusion that something was wrong with the bank. and the run ensued.
2.November 6, 1905Evening StarWashington, DC
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Article Text
Three Days' Run on Bank Checked. CHICAGO, November 6.-Cash payments of wages in Indiana harbor frightened the employes of the big factories there so greatly last week that they started a run on the Indiana Harbor State Bank. The financial storm raged for three days, and the tempest was quieted solely by the sight of piles of currency and gold which the bank officials placed in view of the ignorant foreigners who were clamoring for their money. The run at last was checked, and nearly all the money that was drawn out has been redeposited. The anomalous fright resulted from the fact that the International and Steel Company at the end of the previous week, on the regular pay day, paid in cash instead of following its old custom of giving the employes checks drawn on the bank. This led to the conclusion that something was wrong with the bank and the run ensued.
RUN ON THE BANK Continued for Three Days But Money is Deposited Again. Chicago, Nov 6.-Cash payments of wages in Indiana Harbor frightened the employes of the big factories there so greatly last week that they started a run on the Indiana Harbor State bank. The financial storm raged for three days, The run at last was checked. and nearly all the money that was drawn out has been re-deposited. The anoamlous fright resulted from the fact that the Inland Steel Co at the end of the previous week. on the regular pay day, paid in cash instead of following its old custom of giving the employes checks drawn on the bank.
4.November 6, 1905The Providence NewsProvidence, RI
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Article Text
CASH PAYMENT OF WAGES CAUSED RUN ON BANK Chicago, Nov. 6.-Cash payments of wages in Indiana Harbor frightened the employes of the big factories there so greatly last week that they started a run on the Indiana Harbor State bank. The financial storm raged for three days. The run then was checked and nearly all the money that was drawn out has been re-deposited. The anomalous fright resulted from the fact that the Inland Steel at the end of the previous week. on the regular pay. day paid in cash instead of following its old custom of giving the employes checks on the bank.
5.November 7, 1905Los Angeles HeraldLos Angeles, CA
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Article Text
CASH CAUSES FRIGHT Payment of Wages to Laborers in Currency Starts Run on Indiana Harbor Bank By Associated Press. CHICAGO, Nov. 6.-Cash payments of wages in Indiana harbor frightened the employes of the big factories there so geatly last week that they started a run on the Indiana Harbor State bank. The financial storm raged for three days and the tempest was quieted solely by the sight of piles of currency and gold which the bank officials placed in view of the ignorant foreigners, who were clamoring for their money. The run was at last checked and nearly all the money that was drawn out has been re-deposited. The anomalous fright resulted from the fact that the Inland Steel company at the end of the previous week on the regular pay day paid in cash instead of following its old custom of giving the employes checks drawn on the bank. This led to the conclusion that something was wrong with the bank and the run ensued.
6.November 7, 1905Daily Kennebec JournalAugusta, ME
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Article Text
CASH PAYMENT OF WAGES Starts Run on Indian Harbor, III., Bank -Lasts Three Days. Chicago, Nov. 6.-Cash payments of wages in Indiana Harbor frightened the employes of the big factories there so greatly last week that they started a run on the Indiana Harbor State Bank. The financial storm raged for three days. The run at last was checked and nearly all the money that was drawn out has been re-deposited. The anomalous fright resulted from the fact that the Inland Steel Co., at the end of the previous week, on the regular payday, paid in cash instead of following its old' custom of giving the employes checks on the bank.
7.November 10, 1905Fergus County ArgusLewistown, MT
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Article Text
Run on Bank Ends. Chicago, Nov. 9.-Cash payments of wages in Indiana harbor frigtened the employes of the big factories there so greatly last week that they started a run on the Indiana Harbor State bank. The financial storm ragea for three days and the tempest was quieted solely by the sight of piles of currency and gold which the bank officials placed in view of the ignorant foreigners who were clamoring for their money. The run was at last checked and nearly all the money that was drawn out has been redeposited. The anomalous fright resulted from the fact that the Inland Steel company at the end of the previous week on the regular pay day paid in cash instead of following its old custom of giving the employes checks drawn on the bank. This led to the conclusion that something was wrong with the bank, and the run ensued.
Bank runs are almost always and everywhere a deterioration of bank fundamentals.
But not for you.
You are the measure-zero exception: great fundamentals, solid bank, and yet the Diamond Dybvig fairy spread its rumor. Depositors woke up. Your collateral was not prepositioned. The Clearinghouse had it for you.
Do not pass Go. Do not collect $200. Go directly to jail… or worse.
