4562. Merchants & Mechanics Bank (Chicago, IL)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run → Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
state
Start Date
November 13, 1854
Location
Chicago, Illinois (41.850, -87.650)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
72ffb7b9

Response Measures

Full suspension

Description

Multiple contemporary papers report the Merchants' & Mechanics' Bank of Chicago closed on Nov 13, 1854 amid a wider money panic (originating with Indiana free bank redemption problems and runs on other banks). The bank suspended for about three weeks and resumed in early–mid December 1854 after a change in presidency and reorganization. I classify the initial event as a depositor run/pressure leading to suspension, then a reopening. OCR errors in some articles (e.g., 'Mechanies') were corrected.

Events (3)

1. November 13, 1854 Run
Cause
Macro News
Cause Details
Widespread monetary panic tied to failure/redenption problems of Indiana free banks and runs on other regional banks; heavy withdrawals and refusal of country bank notes.
Measures
None specifically described in the articles beyond later management/presidency change and overhaul prior to resumption.
Newspaper Excerpt
WESTERN BANK DIFFICULTIES. CHICAGO, Nov. 13. The Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank of this city closed to-day.
Source
newspapers
2. November 13, 1854 Suspension
Cause
Macro News
Cause Details
Suspension occurred amid the broader money panic and runs affecting multiple Illinois and western banks (notes of other local banks refused; general loss of confidence).
Newspaper Excerpt
CHICAGO, Nov. 13.-The Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank of this city has closed its doors.
Source
newspapers
3. December 11, 1854 Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
The Merchants' and Mechanies' Bank of Chicago has resumed business, and redeems its own issues and those of the Cherokee Insurance Company belonging to the same parties.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (23)

Article from The New York Herald, November 14, 1854

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Bank Suspensions. BUFFALO, Nov. 13, 1854. The Farmers' Joint Stock Bank bills are not redeemed at the agency in this city. The bank closed its doors this morning, causing great excitement, as a large amount of its circulation is held here. A card was published in the Commercial Advertiser, of this city, this afternoon, signed by persons interested in the joint stock of the bank, saying that the bills will be fully redeemed in real estate, or other property, at fair prices. WESTERN BANK DIFFICULTIES. CHICAGO, Nov. 13, 1854. The Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank of this city closed to-day. The bills of the Napersville Bank and the Bank of Elgin were refused here to-day. RUN ON THE EXCHANGE BANK. WASHINGTON, Nov. 13, 1854. Much excitement exists in this city in regard to the Exchange Bank, a heavy run on it having commenced this morning.


Article from Daily American Organ, November 14, 1854

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sums up the result of the election from 308 towns in the State heard from, which are all but twentyone in the State Gardiner, (American) - 78,843 - 26,135 Washburn, (Whig) Bishop, (Dem.) - 13,195 Wilson, (Free-soil) - 6,518 Wales 813 747 Scattering Majority for Gardiner, (American,) 31,935. Simon Brown has been chosen Lieutenant Governor by a vote essentially corresponding to the above. Robert B. Hall of Plymouth, Bufflingon of Fall River, Damrell of Dedham, Comins of Roxbury, Burlingame of Cambridge, Davis of Gloucester, Banks of Waltham, Knoph of Lowell, Dewitt of Oxford, and Morris of Springfield, have been chosen members of Congress. All Americans. Of this number, only Banks and Dewitt are members of the present Congress. The State Legislature has been swept in a most surprising manner by the same secret organization, who have chosen, in all probability, every member of the State Senate, and, out of the 348 members of the House, 341 Americans. Such a political revolution was never experienced before in this country. SPRINGFIELD, Mass., Nov. 14, a. m.-The American party have carried everything throughout the State. The whigs and democrats are no where. Henry Morris, Know-Nothing, elected over Dickinson, whig, in the 10th district. Morris advocated the civil superintendence of national armories, and Dickinson the military. Arrival of the Northern Light.-Two Weeks Later from California. NEW YORK, Nov. 14.-The steamship Northern Light arrived at this port at an early hour this morning, bringing dates from San Francisco to October 24, being two weeks later. She brings four hundred and fifty passengers, and $564,405 in specie. The passengers came through from San Francisco in twenty days and twelve hours, making the shortest passage on record. Nothing of interest has transpired in California since the last steamer. Additional forgeries by Meiggs have been discovered. Further inquiries have reduced the amount of actual cash taken away by Meiggs. It is probable that it did not exceed $50,000. In Walker's trial, as no compulsory process could be issued against the French consul, he was formally invited to attend as a witness, but declined. The yield of the mines is satisfactory to the miners. Several shocks of an earthquake was felt at San Francisco on the 21st ult. The 23d has been set apart as a day of thanksgiving. Efforts have been made, without success, to recover the treasure from the Yankee Blade. No traces have yet been found. The hulk has drifted on shore, leaving the engine where the ship sank, in eleven fathoms of water. The rainy season has commenced. Central American matters remain about the same. General Chomorro is maintaining his position in New Granada. Walker, ex-President of Sonora, declared not guilty. Markets. General goods command better prices. Trade is getting more healthy. Speculative feeling in coffee and refined sugars. Rio coffee varying from 18 ets, to 20 cts. Crushed and powdered sugars, 15 ets. Flour, large sales. Gallego and Haxall flour at $12 50. Pork, $29, clear. Beef, mess, $18 50. Hams, 17 1-2 cts. Butter, 20 cts. for old. Bacon. 16 1-4 cents. Adamantine candles, 28 1-4 cents. Other articles at previous rates. Monetary panic in Chicago. Chicago, Nov. 13.-The Merchants and Mechanics Bank of this city has closed.


Article from The Daily Union, November 15, 1854

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Money Panic in the West. CHICAGO, Nov. 13.-The Merchants and Mechanics' Bank of this city has closed. The notes of the Napersville and Elgin Bank have been refused in this city. CHICAGO, Nov. 14. - The City Bank here has suspended.


Article from Evening Star, November 15, 1854

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More Bank Suspensions. CHICAGO, Nov. 13.-The Merchants and Me. chanies' Bank of this city has closed its doors. The notes of the Napersville Bank, and the Bank of Elgin have been refused in this city. The City Bank has suspended payment. The Union Bank has closed. The bills of the Elgin Bank are again taken. There is great excitement among our citizens CINCINNATI, Nov. 14-Goorge Milne & Co., private bankers, of this city, stopped payment this morning.


Article from Washington Sentinel, November 15, 1854

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More Bank Suspensions. CHICAGO, Nov. 13.-The Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank, of this city, has closed doors. The notes of the Napiersville Bank and the Bank of Elgin have been refused in this city. The City Bank of this city has also suspended.


Article from Wheeling Daily Intelligencer, November 15, 1854

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BANK EXCITEMENT. Cincinnati, Nov. 14.-G:orge Milne & Co., private bankers, stopped to-day. W ASHINGTON, November 14.-The run upon the Exchange Bank continued to-day. Their paper is promptly redeemed, but depositors are not allowe# to remove their deposits. Bill Holders are paid notes on the Trans-Allegheny Bank of Virginia, an institution said to belong to the same firm.-Strong doubts are entertained as to the capability of the Bank to sustain itself under such a sudden pressure. CHICAGO, Nov. 13.-The Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank of this city has closed. Napersville Bank and Bank of Elgin are refused in this city. SECOND DISPATCH. Union Bank of Chicago closed. Elgin Bank cills again taken. Great excitement.


Article from Richmond Daily Whig, November 16, 1854

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MORE BANK SUSPENSIONS. CHICAGO, Nov. 13-The Merchants and Mechanics' Bank of this city has closed its doors. The notes of the Napersville Bank, and Baok of Elgin have been refused in this city, CHICAGO, Nov. 14.-The City Bank of this city has suspended payment. CHICAGO, Nov. 14.-Tee Union Bank of this city has closed. The bills of the Elgin Bank are again taken.There is great excitement among our citizens. CINCINNATTI, Nov. 14.-George Milne & Co., private bankers, of this city, stopped payment this morning.


Article from Richmond Enquirer, November 17, 1854

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MORE BANK SUSPENSIONS CHICAGO, Nov. 13.-The Merchants' and Mechanies' Bank of this city has closed its doors. The notes of the Napersville Bank, and the Bank of Elgin have been refused in this city. CAICAGO, Nov. 11.-The City Bank of this city has suspended payment. CHICAGO, Nov. 14.-The Union Bank of this city has closed. The bills of the Elgin Bank are again taken. There is great excitement among our citizens. CINCINNATI, Nov. 14. - George Milne & Co., private bankers, of this city, stopped payment this morning.


Article from The Ottawa Free Trader, November 18, 1854

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Bank Panic in Chicago, The panic, which had its origin a month or two ago in the failure of the Indiana free banks to make any definite arrangement for the redemption of their paper, and which has raged with more or less violence in Cincinnati, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, and other places ever since, finally broke out on Monday at Chicago, and threatened to carry all her banks and business men before it. The Merchants' and Mechanics' bank was the first to give way under the pressure, and with it went the Cherokee Insurance Com pany, of Dalton, Georgia, which was : shinplaster concern owned by the same bank. As soon as the fact became known the excitement grew intense about the streets, and all sorts of rumors were afloat Depositors and bill holders of other bank became uneasy, and a general rush to th banks followed, The "City bank" next elo sed its doors. and with it went down th bank of Milledgeville, Georgia, a shinplaste concern owned by that bank. The "Unior bank" of Forest, Brothers & Co., next expe rienced the effects of a run, and in a fey hours was forced to close its doors. Othe banks showedsigns of weakness, and close for a few hours, but we believe these are al the banks that have not yet resumed opera tions. With the closing of these banks came th general throwing out of the bills of th country banks with which they had connec tions by agency or otherwise, and thus th rumor was at once spread that those countr banks had also failed or suspended, Amon banks at which the finger was thus pointe were the bank of Naperville, the bank o Elgin, the Belvidere bank, Dupage Co bank, Ottawa bank, Rock Island bank, and several others, none of which, however, S far as we are advised, has failed to meet al it liabilities as presented, and the bills o which, being amply secured by state stocks are still current as any paper in the country and received by all the bankers and busines men in or out of Chicago, with a few unim portant exceptions. Indeed, a card is pub lished by nearly all the wholesale dealers in Chicago, in which they state that, seeing no just cause for the present panic in reference to the stock secured banks of the city and this state, they will continue to receive thei bills as heretofore, and the same course i again generally adopted by the bankers After diligent enquiry we cannot find that single country bank has yet suspended, and indeed, no serious run has yet been threat ened on any except in a few places immedi ately contiguous to Chicago, and there doubtless, the brokers and money shaver were at the bottom of it. The storm, however, appears to hav nearly spent itself in Chicago, and there is fair prospect of a calm, and speedy resump tion by the suspended banks. The Press o Thursday says: Yesterday, we are happy to say, ou streets were quiet. So far as we could lear the run on the Banks is over, and unles some new cause of alarm should arise, w have reason to hope the crisis is passed Business is moving along as usual, and seems to have returned to its original chan nels. It gives us great pleasure to say that w were assured last evening by one of the pro prictors of the City Bank, that they expec to resume business on Tuesday next. W also heard, but not officially, that the Unio Bank will resume in a few days. The directors of the Merchants and Mo chanic's Bank also publish a card this morn ing, which looks to the early resumption ( business. These facts will tend to strength en public confidence. With the resumption of these banks, ( course the Georgia money, for which the are responsible, will again become good, S that persons holding Milledgeville, Chere kee, &c., should by no means dispose of at present at the loss of a cent. It wi doubtless be all current again in a week, an the same patience which it is most profitabl to exercise in reference to our own bank will be found most profitable in reference t the Georgia banks. But when this foreig stuff does again become good, it will un doubtedly be the wisest course to exchang it as fast as possible for our own state cur rency, which we know to be safe.


Article from The New York Herald, November 20, 1854

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The Bank Excitement Over In Chicago-The Banks to Resume. [From the Chicago Free Press, Nov. 16.] Yesterday, we are baopy to say, our streets were quiet. So far 88 we could learn, the ran on the banks is over, and unless some new cause of alarm should arise, #e have reason to 10 e the crisis is passed. Business is moving along as usual, and seems to have returned to its original channels. Among those who unde stand our general banking law there never has been any distrust of the 11line is banks. That the people may have their confidence reassured, Hon. P. Maxwell publishes the following:TO THE PUBLIC. The undersigned feels called upon, at this time of monetery excitement, to make = public statement, for the bene fit of such persons as are not in the way of being correctly informed as to the value of IIIInois biles and suspended backs. Every bank of this State, under the general banking law, has deposited with the Auditor, in the bands of the Treasurer, good interest paying bonds of the several States, to e full amount of every collar of 1b-1c OWD bills; and all registered mobe) MR equally "se bren, bank with another. These that have losen their doors have in no way depredated the security for their bills-they are of their full value w-but cannot command spsote until the Auditor is their bonds or securities ac. coreing 10 in w, bico is required to be done imme. ciar-ly, at bigh time due notice will be given and the hills red-ened in specie. No sacrifice should be nace or Indnois Bank bills whatsoever-not even P. MAXWELL, suspenced backs. Bank Commissioner. CBICAGO, Nov. 15, 1854 In 1b:8 connection it kives us great pleasure to ray 118° we were as used est evening by one of the proprietors of the City Bank, that they expect to resume business on Tuesday rext. We also heard, but not, fficially, that the Union Bank will resume in 8 few days. The director rs of the Merchants' and Meshanics' Bank also publish a cad this morning which looks to on early resumption of business. These facts will tend to strengthen public confidence.


Article from Grand River Times, November 22, 1854

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Loss OF THE STEAMER YANKEE BLADE.-The steamer Yankee Blade left San Francisco, Sept. 30, with 800 passengers and $153,000 in specie. Oct. 1, at 31 o'clock, P. M., whilst encompassed in a dense fog, she ran upon a reef of rocks, off Point Arguilla, and in less than twenty-five minutes sank in water below the promenade deck. The boats were immediately manned and all the passengers taken from the wreck, but one of the boats unfortunately stranding about thirty lives were lost. The next morning the steamer Goliath made her appearance and succeeded in picking up the survivors yet on the sea, amounting to six hundred, and landed them at San Diego, whither she was bound. Five hundred and thirty-six were left there until a vessel could be sent to bear them on their homeware journey. On her return the remaining part of the passengers and crew left were taken on board and landed at San Francisco. WRECK OF THE STEAMSHIP NEW ERA-TERRIBLE LOSS OF LIFE.-The packet ship New Era, of Bath, Maine, on her passage from Bremen to New York, with over two hundred and sixty passengers on board, in a dense fog, on Sunday night, went ashore off Deal, on the Jersey shore, and will probably prove a total wreck. The latest n'elligence received, states that the ship was breaking up, and more than one half of the passengers had been drowned in between the decks and overboard, and many were yet clinging to the wreck with but little prospect of being saved; the sea constantly breaking over the wreck and running so high that even a life boat could not out ride the waves. The passengers were all Dutch or German. BROKEN BANKS.-The following is a list of banks which have recently burst up, and are today rejected by our brokers. Each day adds new ones to the list. Where it will end cannot be determined. There is now but one safe rule and that is to take as little paper money as possible, unless you know that the bills are secured by safe stocks, and keep no others on hand.This is a necessary finale to such an increase of banks as we have had for the last few years.-So great an expansion of the currency was sure to bring a crash, and notwithstanding the repeated warnings, the banks have continued to increase in an unprecedented ratio. Here is the list: Maine-Bank of Hollowell, Shipbuilder's Bank. Indiana-All free banks. Ohio-All banks except State Bank and branches. Connecticut-Woodbury bank, Middletown bank. New York-Lewis County bank, Exchange bank of Buffalo, City bank of Buffalo. Kentucky-All banks. Illinois-Phoenix bank, Farmers bank, Merchants and Mechanies' bank, City bank, of Chicago; Elgin bank, Ottawa bank, Dupage bank, Bellvidere bank, Rock Island, Naperville bank, of Rockford. LATER.--We learn to-night, that the State banks and branches of Ohio and Indiana are refused by the brokers of this city. If this is generally done, the effect will be far reaching, and it would not surprise us to see a very general suspension by the banks of the country. Stand from under those that can. [Grand Rapids Enquirer.


Article from Burlington Tri-Weekly Hawk-Eye, November 23, 1854

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According to our last advices, the panic was to some extent abating. In Ohio, the Secretary of State advertises to take the notes of the suspended State Stock Banks on Taxes and all other public dues, as the State has ample security in Stocks deposited. The following banks have suspended payments since we published a list: City Bank of Chicago; Merchants & Mechanics Bank, Chicago; Farmers Bank, Chicago; Phoenix Bank, Chicago; Union Bank, Chicago; And as a consequence, two wild cat concerns from Georgia, but owned in Chicago: The Milledgeville Bank, Georgia; The Cherokee Bank & Ins. Co., Georgia; And the following Banks, located in other parts of the State of Illinois: Belvidere Bank; Bank of Rockford; Bank of Naperville; Bank of Ottawa; Du Page County Bank; Rock Island Bank; Rock River Bank, Beloit, Wis. These are mostly sma 1 institutions, with small circulation, and no necessity exists for a very deep shave upon their paper. The Brokers and Bankers of St. Louis have published a card agreeing to receive the notes of all the Illinois banks which have not 5113pended, at their face, and expressing confidence in the soundness and ultimate safety of the Free Banks of that State.


Article from The National Era, November 23, 1854

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NEWS OF THE WEEK. The Western Banks. The Cincinnati Commercial states that, in consequence of the pressure, the City Bank of Columbus, Ohio, has been forced to suspend payments of its deposites. The notes of the Bank of Kanawha sold at 25 per cent. discount; Bank of Circleville, at 50; Kentucky Trust Company, at 70; and Newport Safety Fund, at 80. The notes of the Clinton Bank of Columbus were again refused at Cincinnati on Saturday. Indiana stock notes are selling at 25 to 30c. discount. A note from the Treasurer of the State of Ohio states that the notes of the Miami Valley Bank, Canal Bank of Cleveland, Savings Bank of Cincinnati, City Bank of Columbus, and all other Ohio Stock Banks, will be received for taxes and all other public dues, as heretofore. These notes are abundantly secured by the pledge of Ohio and United States stock in the offices of the Auditor and Treasurer of State, which stocks are still commanding a premium in New York. No bill-holder, he adds, need necessarily lose anything by Ohio stock paper. For the sake of keeping our readers posted, we extract the following list of suspended Western banks, from Thompson's Reporter, of Nov. 18: The Union Bank, Chicago, Ill.; the Bank of Napierville, Napierville, Ill.; the City Bank of Chicago, III.; the Merchants and Mechanics' Bank, of Chicago, Ill.; and the Farmers' Bank of Chicago, are said to have failed; also, the Mechanics and Traders' Branch of the State Bank of Ohio, Cincinnati, Ohio; the Sandnsky City Bank, Ohio; the Farmers' Joint Stock Banking Company, Toronto, Canada; the Bank of Circleville, Ohio; the Exchange Bank, Buffalo, N. Y.; the Canal Bank, Cleveland, Ohio; the City Bank of Columbus, Ohio. Seven more Indiana Banks are under protest, viz: Wayne Bank, Logansport; State Stock Bank of Indiana, Peru; Upper Wabash Bank, Wabash; Perry County Bank, Cannelton; Steuben County Bank, Angola; Traders' Bank, Terre Haute; Great Western Bank, Terre Haute. It is proper to add that a number of merchants of the city of Chicago, Illinois, have agreed to receive at par the bills of the banks of that city, which has had a good effect, but the excitement nevertheless continues, as the holders want specie, not goods, for their bills. The Union Bank of Chicago was owned by Forrest Brothers, and the City Bank, owned by Bradley, Curtis, & Co. The failure of the Mechanics' and Traders' Bank of Cincinnati is not of much importance. It has been in process of closing its business for some time past, under the supervision of the board of control. Its capital in August last was only $60,000, and its circulation $47,339. The deposits and circulation are paid without interruption.


Article from Demoine Courier, December 7, 1854

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THE PACIFIC. We also learn from Capt. Miller that the steamer Pacific, on her downward trip from this port to New Orleans, struck a snag on the morning of the 23d inst., at Devil's Elbow, but succeeded in reaching the western shore of the river, where she sunk. The Grand lower rendered her every assistance, and had some of the Pacific's passengers aboard at the time of herown unfortunate wreck. The boat and cargo are reported a total loss— the latter consisting chiefly of corn, flour, and hemp. No lives lost.-St. Louis Democrat. Clark's Counterfeit Detecter For this month is issued to day and will be, no doubt, eagerly sought for.— It contains more than the usual amount of information in regard to financial affairs, much of which we should like to extract, it we felt at liberty to do so, so soon after its publication. The editor has been to Indianapolis. to see how affairs stand in that quarter, and the information which he communicates is of very general interest. One fact we may etate, which is, that the can celling of Indiana Free Bank notes was going on at the rate of about $60,000 per day, and only about $3,000,000 remained in circulation on the 25th ult. In regard to Illinois Banks, the Detec ter enumerates the names of nine Banks -the Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank. Phoenix, Farmers', City and Union, all in Chicago; the Du Page County Bank. and Naperville bank; the Mechanics' and Farmer' Bank. Springfield, and the Railroad Bank, Decatur-as the only ones in the State which have suspended. "All others are going on to the best of our knowledge, notwithstanding reports to the contrary, and are received here same as other currency."- Mo. Rep. 2d.


Article from The Ottawa Free Trader, December 9, 1854

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BANK RESUMED.-The Merchants' and Mechanics' bank of Chicago, which suspended some three weeks ago, has resumed business. A change in its presidency has taken place, Dr. Boone being succeeded in that office by Hon. Jas. H. Woodworth, its affairs have been thoroughly overhauled, and the bank placed upon a sure and permanent basis. This bank issued and is responsible for the bills of the "Cherokee Insurance company," of Dalton, Georgia, so that its resumption renders the bills of this Georgia concern once more current. We should be the last to advise a run on this bank, now that it has done so much to restore confidence by this early resumption, but if we had any "Cherokee" on hand, we should immediately pay our debts with it.


Article from New-York Daily Tribune, December 11, 1854

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pinwall to Panama. Subscriptions are being made along the line for a great celebration of the event, and some of the New-York Directors are confidently expected to be present. The State Treasurer of New-Jersey, in view of the recent depreciation in almost every description of bonds, has made & demand of the Free Banks of that State for additional securities, 80 as to fully indemnify note-bolders, in case of the euspension of any such institutions. Referring to the rumor of the Sackett's Harbor Railroad, The Albany Evening Journal says: This enterprise is not, as The Atlas supposes, a foolish one but it may have been pushed too fast. In the changed aspect of things in reference to all enterprises, it may be regretted that new works were undertaken. Unless they are enabled to go on, it is the misfortune more than the fault of the Company, for their own money, to a large amount, has been expended. And, whatever delays may be experienced, the Saratoga and Sackett's Harbor Railroad will be resumed and completed, greatly to the advantage of the State and the Company. The Merchants' and Mechanies' Bank of Chicago has resumed business, and redeems its own issues and those of the Cherokee Insurance Company belonging to the same parties. The Springfield Register says: We have been " informed that the Mechanics' and Farmers' Bank " of this city will resume payment this morning. We " are also informed that the Railroad Bank at De" catur has not refused payment except to bankers." The anthracite coal tunnage from the Schuylkill region the past week is very light. The Schuylkill Navigation Company reports for the week 10,375 tuns, and for the season 907,354 tuns, against 868,177 tuns to the same time last year. The Reading Railroad returns, for the week ending on the 7th inst., 12,874 tuns, being the first week of the new fiscal year. The last fiscal year ended on the 30th ult., during which the Company brought down the very large tunnage of 1,988,477 tuns-only 11,523 tuns short of 2,000,000 turs. This is a most unprecedented business, and when it is remembered that it has been done at higher prices than in many years before, the hopes of the friends of the Company are brighter that it may soon work from under its embarrassments, and pay to its owners good and regular dividends. Trade on the Lebigh Navigation is understood to have ceased for the season. The Company states the coal tunnage for the present year at 1,245,582 tuns, against 1,080,423 tuns last year; showing an excess of 179,432 tuns in favor of the present year. The lumber trade on the Navigation this year is less than last by 5,160,384 feet. The tolls and fines collected on the Delaware Division of the Pennsylvania Canal, from the opening to the close of navigation, is $319,362-being an increase of 106,691 over the last year's receipts. At Philadelphia there is more confidence in the fu. ture of monetary affairs. For first-class paper the general rate is 18 P cent., though, in some instances, favorite names are passed at 15. Second-class is more readily placed at 21@24. At Boston the week closes with a hard money market. The very best paper is selling at 15 P cent., and for single names the range is from 18@24. Judge Phelps, of Vt., has given a written opinion that the personal property of the Rutland and Barlington Railroad Company, comprising all the rolling stock and tools of the road, can be held by the second mortgage Trustees, who are now in possession. The Circular of Mr. Isaac O. Davis, of Cincinnati, says: "The Money market continues stringent and quiet, and the demand for money still exceeds the supply. Local paper is being discounted on the street at rates ranging from 1 to 3 P cent. a month, according to the grade. We are pleased to learn that the popular banking house of T. S. Goodman & Co. begin a new business en Monday next, and the old business will be settled up independent of the new. We learn they will commence paying a dividend of 10 P cent. to their creditors, and continue the same at intervals of 30 days until their indebedness is liquidated, which arrangement seems to give perfect satisfaction to all their creditors."


Article from Eaton Democrat, December 14, 1854

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17The Ohicago Press says: The Merchants and Mechanics' Bank of this city resumed business yesterday, after a suspension of some three weeks." Prodigious !


Article from The Weekly Lancaster Gazette, December 14, 1854

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10 The Chicago Press says: The Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank of this city resumed business yesterday, after a suspension of some three weeks. We make the announcement with a degree of gratification that we cannot well express, because the fact will go far towards restoring confidence in the country, and have a favorable effect upon the stringent condition of money affairs." MO


Article from Minnesota Weekly Times, December 19, 1854

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The Merchants and Mechanics' Bank of Chicago resumed business, Monday, after a suspension of some three weeks. Mr. Boone has retired from the Presidency of the Bank and Hon. James H. Woodworth has been elected to that post.


Article from Lewisburg Chronicle, December 22, 1854

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The Chicago Press says: "The Merchants' and Mechanies' Bank of this city, resumed business yesterday after 3 suspension of some three weeks. We make the announcement with a degree of gratification that we can not well express, because the fact will go far towards restoring confidence in the country, and have a favorable effect upon the stringent condition of money affairs."


Article from Minnesota Weekly Times, December 26, 1854

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The Merchants and Mechanics' Bank of Chicago resumed business, Monday, after a suspension of some three weeks. Mr. Boone has retired from the Presidency of the Bank and Hon. James H. Woodworth has been elected to that post.


Article from The Athens Post, February 2, 1855

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CHEROKEE INSURANCE BANKING COMPANY.The Chieago Press announces that the Merchants and Mechanies Bank, the agency in Chicago for the redemption of the bills of the Cherokee Insurance and Banking Company, has resumed specie payments, and that this places the bills of the Georgia Bank "upon the same footing in every respect which it enjoyed prior to the suspension. The Chicago Tribune says the public confidence in the Merchants and Mechanies Bank will now be entirely restored, and, indeed, it has never been shaken in the minds of those who were conversant with its resources, and knew the character of the men who controled it."We give these statements for what they are worth.


Article from The New York Herald, September 3, 1857

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- Baterd Inst, and the neglect of the Hollster Bank, yesterday morning, to open open its doors, was the or much excitement and pan's among our people pesterday AS soon as it was known that the Holl star Bank remained closed for the day, run for small sume of most a upon made other banks for redemption. For afew hours the doors of the Oliver Lee & Co., the City and White's Bank, were thronged by persons holding their in pums ranging from one dellar to ten dollars, and pay lug clerk k of the hardest pressed of institutions, after two hours of bard labor in attending to the demands bad deemed 1114 delthan I holders, thousand one lars, which had been presented. We are gratified to learn this itement, persons bol ding holding any terable sume of the bills of our banks, were so cont Ident their securi y as to refrain entirely from calling for their redemption This is and wise and while is exceed injudictume in for # S hengs tendencies rush $ the specie. when It in known by every intellig ent man that the bill holders are abundantly secured against loss The this mischief of performance lien in effect sconpord " the upon the more time in the community leading to exciteUnder an ment and paulo excited THE state of feeling lose con and nent leads to derange ment in the business circles, if not to disaster It 18 for Miss . good genera and ahe more ontidence generous exercised our towards monied That institutions. they have been guilty of facts in their management we not do but , such been prepared have not deny, they effect their solvenov. We regard every individual bank ing house in this city as entirely sound, so far - their bills are concerned Unless we misapprehend the law association, under hich our banks are anized, they such - secure the depositor from loss, and heace there is no just cause for alarm regarding either the selvency of their bills OF the eafety of depositors. To show that we fully justified making this statement, copy the following section of chapter 1 of the present banking laws of this State Fee The e'ockholders in every cornoration and joint stock for banking porposes, issuing back paper credit circulate as modey alter the the dratday one beand shall pas hundred Tannery fify eight dividually respons this amount their respective share area stock in *Dy debts and every kind contracted after the let day of January 1860 The public mind is exceedingly nervous in regard to financial matters, and easily excited and hence the impor tance of much cantion and forbearance towards our moneyed institutions It to the duty of every one to icconfidence and allay alarm in all directions 20 far &S can done without be of Indivithe interests endangering deals The feeling of panic yester day morning led some the the s depositors banks withdraw their saving's saq that : learn their the de. new deposits, day during posits were more than equal to meet the drafts made upon them We regard IS as very shortsighted for now to withdraw their funds the savfrom ings' banks for rear of loss, for one and all are, in our safe becond doubt What judgment, safer depository they can and for their funds at such a weare a loss now understand Let Letevery one, therefore, act cooliv and with wise de'i beration in regard to monetary affairs. It is our only hope of specify return to confidence and healthy bustaction. AN we have already remarked, we regard the bille of all banks now doing business as worth one hundred cents the dollar and beyond the reach of depreciation in any mous & entitled fullest to and the condence. event, that there cause of alarm to regard to the bills of the Hollister the to that Hank, say STREATS only Deceasary Banks rece received them yesterday at par after its suspension was fully enderstood are gratided to learn that the deposit in all our banks which continued open, left their deposite in full confidence that they are safe, as this course on their part will do much to inspire public cont. dence. It affords us pleature to refer to the solvensy of our merchants and business men connected with the commerce of the We in full confidence that hav. rode out the stor safely thus far, they preserve their credit and go through without further disaster. They meet their engagements premptly, are full of conrage, and look to the fall for a prosperous business. ANOTHER BROKER BROKE. From the Troy Times, Sept 1.] We regret to ince ansounce that John Bater, of this city, stopped payment this morning. He is one heavice brokers Mr. Sates is principal owner of the Bank Tonawands. near B.ffaie. His largest transactions have consisted in the use of Tonawands Bank and other uncurrent money, to the amount of $15 000 $15,000 to $30 $30,000 000 daily, in buy 10g short drafts from estern drovers on Boston and New York. This usiness for the most part has been done at Albany. Mr. Bates was also largely in World's -the Safe manufacture of IVI 8,01 Company safes- in this city; and represented that his advance the company of between $75 000 and $100 000 $100,000 is the : to cause embarrasement the and think : present a result will prove, only temporary stoppage We are in formed that this suspension does not affect the house of Bates & Griffin. The World's Exfe Company tempo varily stopped; but profitable business at theirs will of course be permitted to fall through entirely. Mr Bates' nesels, we are informed are largely in advance of = and that will liabilities, be if hoped measures adopted to carry him along no nothat he will be able to resume in . few days. This 18 the first stroke Troy has reIved since setting in of the New York panic, and believed that no manent permanent Injury or outside losses will result from it. ILLINOIS. FURTHIR BE INAMINATION OF BRONSON, THE DE: AULTING BANK OFFICER IN CHICAGO. From the Chicago Democrat, August 29 The further testimony in this case before Judge Milliken, .8 principally for the defence, who endeavored prove that at the organization of the Merchants' and Mo. chanics' Bank the stockholders paid little or no money into #: that the stocks, consisting $50,000 Virginia 6'2, of deposited with which were were the Auditor, procured Mr. John Thompson, of New York city: that Thompson took the circulating notes the bank payment for the s.ock, and then these notes in circulation in New YORK and other places; that the notes paid to Thompson were redeemed as with the money the depositors: and that the whole concern reality merely broker's office in the guise of bank. evidence on where points, being merely hearsay, was ruled out as in competent Yesterday, the fifth day, Judge John M. Wilson was called and examined by Oh okering for be prosecution. stated that be bad enfortunately, been made one of the directors of the bank, after stopped payment in 1654: there was large deficit in the bank, It WAS concluded to wind up the concern: in the spr OR of 1855, Bronson had resigned, Mr. Woodworth came bim great trepidation and stated that Bronson had abstract large part of the funds of the bank and piedged them private loabs: witness was depated to call on Bron son, and did his house OD Michigan avenue. which sorgeously furnished when tasked him with his last transaction be expressed astonishment, and asked, "What do you monn? witness said, have stolen taken $80,000 $40,000 of the money of the back said, have no stolen or taken (using the same word an witness) any money of the bac witness immediately got and started to go out, anying, "That's left enough, puss him witness to reported Mr. Woodworth and Mr. Boone what bsd taken place; have not spoken to him since except on trial the Baptist church the matter was canversed among the directors, was rather bell'gerent, and favored oriminal prosecution, but some the others thought we had better use little discre commenced TO that Mon: criminal proseculi destroy credit by the cresh: Bronson dieand not : to been easy catch appeared and at him, length A requsition was obtained for bim; lines three of the notes said to be thome taken by Bronson they had the private mark upon them, witness WAS advised that the stolen bills had been signed in the vault the bank. Judge was cross examined at length by Mr. Smart depied the be had ever asked Bronson chara 10 bad converse RIM with one him: interview only him. except called before the Baptist church Witnot the ness old la state = he that had interview taken $80,000 $40 000 the Merchants' and Mechanics' and Bank bills did he that reply had not not that bank but had the Cherokee Dates, and meant to them keep until settled had THAT him: no there they such conversition witness heart that Bronson told that story, but he never told ft to witness. The name of bank was mentioned by me; witness said he had taken $30,000 or $40,000 of bills and he fatly denied witness went 02 say that it was impossible to catch Bronson in the as he dodged shoot in passing through; witness said he had $20 000 Bronson operations, and may have considerable feeling: have never examined books to AR certain S the regard at. witness would not sccounts: tempt any such thing: he regarded the plan of keeping books dou ble a entry for false scheme could be made. and the best of bookkeepers could detect them: witness would as soon undertake to work the mont difficult problem in Sustous or conic sections to unravel the mysteries of double entry book keeping If the books show balance for Bronson they are wrong, that's all, and the people can be swindled in way the double entry system should be lished by 'state Bronson proposed to bring men of capital from to out the buy East the bank but : they never ton: came wanted sec the that rity charter be would med De redee