4504. Illinois Trust & Savings Bank (Chicago, IL)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run Only
Bank Type
savings bank
Start Date
December 22, 1896
Location
Chicago, Illinois (41.850, -87.650)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
6a25076d

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals

Description

Multiple contemporaneous newspaper accounts (Dec 22–24, 1896) describe a short, limited run on the Illinois Trust & Savings Bank caused by depositor fear following the failure of the National Bank of Illinois (name-similarity/confusion). The bank did not suspend operations; officers initially served customary 60-day notices for some time deposits to calm the situation, then removed the restriction and paid depositors in full. Episode classified as run_only.

Events (1)

1. December 22, 1896 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Depositors confused similarity of name with the recently failed National Bank of Illinois and feared the Illinois Trust was embarrassed; panic/contagion from another local bank failure.
Measures
Tellers instructed to serve customary sixty-day notice for time deposits; pay depositors who could show legitimate need for $100; later withdrew the 60-day notice and paid depositors in full.
Newspaper Excerpt
Without any apparent cause ... a heavy run on the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank, in the Rookery Building, began as soon as the doors were open for business this morning.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (16)

Article from The Jersey City News, December 22, 1896

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UNCALLED FOR RUN. Chicago Savings Bank Beseiged By Depositors-Quiet Elsewhere. CHICAGO, Dec. 22, 1896.-Without any apparent cause, except for the fact that a general lack of confidence had pervaded the timid depositors in the savings department, a heavy run on the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank, in the Rookery Building, began as soon as the doors were open for business this morning. There is not the slightest connection between the failed National Bank of Illinois and the Illinois Trust Company. During the excitement yesterday there was only a small increase of withdrawals from the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank and the officers of the bank said they were willing to let the depositors in the savings department have all the money due them if they called for it. as it meant a big saving of interest money for the bank. The bank anticipated a run today, and there is such a heavy reserve fund of idle money in the vaults that President John J. Mitchell has no misgivings as to the ability of his bank to pay a few millions if necessary. There were four lines of men and women in the bank opposite the savings paying teller and the clerks who enter up the savings interest. Altogether there were two hundred people in line, and as they fell out with their wants eatisfied, others took their places. The bank does the largest trust and savings business in the city and has a capital and surplus of $4,000,000. It is now building a $300,000 building for its own exclusive use next to the rookery, on the site of the old Grand Pacific Hotel. At the Garden City Banking and Trust Company's banking bank the run of yesterday had practically run out its length. Not half a dozen persons were at the paying teller's window at one time, and a policeman stationed outside the bank had nothing to do but stand there and look pleasant. The bank officers said they did not expect any more trouble. At the other national, private and State banks there was the ordinary transaction of business with no more people paying their respects to the paying teller than to the receiving teller. In banking circles the general opinion is that yesterday's failures will end the present trouble. At the falled National Bank of Illinois building there was a constant crowd of people who had urgent business to transact with the officers or something equally important to say to the National Bank Examiner, Mr. McKeon, but policemen on each side of the crowded gates admitted only one at a time and some not at all. In compliance with the notice to prove claims at once many of the callers were creditors who came for that purpose. Inside. clerks and officers were busy getting the accounts into shape for an early declaration of a dividend by the Comptroller of the Currency, and Receiver McKeon's expert accountants were hard at work on the books. The sensational rumors which spread yesterday about banks and business houses were not heard today, and there was a decided calm after the storm except for the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank.


Article from Alexandria Gazette, December 22, 1896

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TO-DAY'S TELEGRAPHIC NEWS The Chicago Banks. CHICAGO, Dec., 22.-Without any apparant cause, except for the fact that & general lack of confidence had pervaded the timid depositors in the savings department, a heavy run on the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank, in the Rookery Building, began as soon as the doors were open for business this morning both men and women being in line. There is not the slightest connection between the failed National Bank of Illinois and the Illinois Trust Co. The bank anticipated a run to-day and there is such a heavy reserve fund of idle money in the vaults that President Mitchell has no misgivings as to the ability of his bank to pay a few millions if necessary. The bank does the largest trust and savings business in the city and has a capital and surplus of $4,000,000 At the Graden City Banking and Trust Company's bank, the run of yesterday had practically run out its length. The bank officers said they did not expect any more trouble. At the other national, private and State banks there was the ordinary transaction of business with no more people paying their respects to the paying teller than to the receiving teller. In banking circles the general opinion is that yesterday's failures will end the present trouble. Shortly after eleven o'clock a crowd of depositors gathered at the Hibernian Banking Association, to withdraw their savings. This bank is regarded as one of the strongest in the city. President Clark said that the savings bank would take advantage of the law by which demands for $50 or more must be accompanied with a thiry day notice and $100 or more by a sixty-day notice. Demands of less than $50 will be paid on sight.


Article from The Wichita Daily Eagle, December 23, 1896

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The @uhita Daily Lagle: Mednesday Morning, December 23, 1996. ficers declined to make any payment on terested. The property involved is estitime deposits unless given sixty days' BUTCHERS ON TRIAL mated at from $1,350,000t 0 $1,500,000 in SECOND 0 notice. They said this was not because value. It is located in the Yakima valthey were not prepared to pay all deley, east of the Cascade mountains. positors in full, but because they wished Thirty thousand acres of land were to avoid embarrassment to smaller STAMBOULOFF'S MURDERERS FACE UGARTRUST FIR bought from the Northern railroad and bankers who might not be prepared to a main canal, with laterals and ditches THEIR CRIME. AT THE A pay all their depositors at once, and who of a length of 320 miles, were built at a might be placed in an embarrassing pocost of $700,000. From time to time land. sition. The stronger banks were paying water and water rights were sold. An all demands for time deposits. In Evidence is Introduced a Remarkable issue of $450,000 in bonds was made. seWho Pay no Attenti ILLINOIS TRUST AND SAVINGS. cured by mortgage, in which the Safe Letter Written by the Premier Months the Sugar People, Deposit and Trust company was named There was a slight run on the Illinois Before His Assassination, Showing That Woolson Spice c as trustee. The hard times came on Trust and Savings bank shortly after it He Knew What Kind of a Volcano He Schulz could not raise money to comopened this morning, the similarity of its They've Got Their name and that of the National Bank of plete his scheme, suit for foreclosure Was Standing on-Story of the Horrible Don't Propose to was brought by the trustees, receivers Illinois having led some depositors to beMurder Briefly Retold-How a Com. lieve that the former was embarrassed. were appointed, of whom Paul Schulz cept Upon the Alt was one, and soon after he committed During the run in 1891 President John J. panion of His Was Killed by Being MisSaint Patrick in Mitchell of the Illinois Trust, gave orsuicide, under sensational circumstances. taken for Him. Snake Campaign-1 During the intervals receiver's certifiders to pay all depositors who called for cates to the amount of $250,000 were istheir money and was criticized by other (Copyrighted 1896 by the Associated Press. New York. Dec. sued, and it is believed that the holders bankers for doing SO. This morning, as Sofia, Bulgaria, Dec. 22.-The trial of that the American soon as it became evident that there was of those and bondholders were interested the persons accused of the murder of exin the reorganization plan, in which the pany intend forcing likely to be a crowd in the bank. instrucPremier Stambouloff, who was stabbed tions were given the tellers to serve the fee trade. the anno Safe Deposit and Trust company has in the streets of this city in July, 1895, taken the initiative. The London and customary sixty-day notice, but to pay to the trade by the S San Francisco bank and the electric corall depositors who could show that they resulting in his death on July 10 of that a further reduction wanted $100 of their money for a legitiporation of Boston are also largely conyear, was formally opened in the court pound in the price of cerned as holders of bonds and certifimate purpose. The result was that the house, before a mixed tribunal, yestercates. son Spice company score or more of people who had lined up day and was continued today. This makes a tot at the paying teller's window soon disM'KINLEYS RETURN TO CANTON The accused are: Boni Georgeff, aged cent since the pure appeared. Before the close of banking sed 34, a former servant of Major Panitza; Carrying Trunkloads of Inaugural Gear hours, the excitement had completely interest in the spice The With Them. died out. The giving of the notice was Atzoff, a Macedonian, aged 33, the gar people. Thus the sanctioned by the clearing house comChicago, Dec. 22.-President-elect Mccoachman who drove Stambouloff from have not met the re ghmittee, and the object was, the Illinois Kinley left for Canton shortly after 10 the Union club to the scene of the crime; ndis manifested by the Trust being the strongest savings bank o'clock tonight. He left the home of Mr. Naum Tuffektchieff, an employe in the of course the latter fir in the city, to give the smaller ones the McWilliams at 9:30 o'clock, and in combuilding department of the ministry of hat The feeling in the pany with his wife, Mr. and Mrs. Mcopportunity to point to its action as an public works here, and brother of Dimad excuse for giving the notice themselves, Williams and Captain Heisland, was the reduction of on itri Tuffeketchieff, who died in prison, as his which they did, and thus effectually driven to the depot. Ahead of them went merely preliminary is asserted, as a result of tortures instopped a run. a baggage wagon loaded with six trunks one. Speculation wa flicted by the direct orders of the late The Illinois Trust and Savings bank is everyone of them heavier than when the day as to what mea prime minister. insaid to have $9,000,000 in cash on hand McKinley party brought them to Chiwill adopt to counte Dimitri Tuffeketchieff was accused of at and was today loaning money instead of, cago. From the president-elect down to coffee made by the complicity in the murder of M. Beltas in 1893, calling loans in to meet the Mrs. McKinley's maid, every one of the The report circula cheffe. the minister of finance. who was demands of the savings depositors. party had some new clothes. In one people do not intend assassinated in the street in the presThe American Brewing, Malting and trunk was the gown which Mrs. McKinnently in the coffee ence of M. Stambouloff, for whom he the Elevator company, the George A. Weisse lew will wear at the inaugural, and in the prospects seeme was mistaken, on March 28, 1891. vas another was a new suit for Mr. McKinMalting and Elevator company and Arbuckles would gift The court house was strongly guarded ley. her George A. Weisse assigned this evening erect a sugar refine by gen d' armes and the general public alk in the county court. The assignments The most exciting part of Mr. McKinsugar for thir coffee was excluded from the building. did of the two companies, which are intiley's last day in Chicago was when a gar people, the latter STAMBOULOFF'S LETTER. uld crowd of 4,000 persons surrounded his mately connected in business, and that son Spice plant to tl A letter written by the murdered on carriage in front of the wholesale house of Weisse, were brought into. court tothe busienss. was o statesman to a friend some three months the of Marshall Field & Co., at 3 o'clock this gether at 6 o'clock. The assignee of the those possessing ins before his death, was read by the judge American Brewing, Malting and Elevaafternoon, and refused to let the carriage opnon thus expresse amid profound silence. The letter was ks, move on until the president-elect had tor company is the Chicago Title and cenrs will continue a dated Sofia, March 16, 1895, and gave in shaken hands with several hundred of Trust company. The George A. Weisse and that eventually minute detail the plot for Stambouloff's the them. He was finally rescued by the poMalting and Elevator company assigned ment would be arriv murder. This information, the letter asny to the Security Title and Trust company lice. Just before leaving Mr. McKinley conducting their sepa serted, came from one Zarchariew, who declared that his health was much imand that is the assignee of Weisse also. A connection of tl was in close touch with a band of ten or uld proved and that his rest had done him No statement was filed as to the assets Bros., stated to a Co fifteen assassins who had "sworn to free ar"a world of good." and liabilities. reporter today that the country from the tyrant StamboulThe failure of the two corporations decided not to redue so HE HAS A SON DANIEL off." The letter declared that the assaswas the result of the failure of the Nacoffee, despite the re sins expected clemency from the prince tional Bank of Illinois. The two comAnd Instead of Coming, He is Brought, to atjust made in the prio after a short imprisonment and that a panies were borrowers from the bank Judgment. of coffee of the W plot was also afoot for the murder of the and were indebted to it when it failed, ed"Our coffee," said Cleveland, Ohio, Dec. 22.-Dan R. prince himself. It implicates a number to the amount of over a half million dolas our customers wo out Hanna, son of Hon. M. A. Hanna, has of other political agitators besides those lars. As soon as the failure of the bank ide any other brand of been again sued on an election bet. now on trial. The letter concludes: was announced preparations were begun son why we should Young Hanna wagered $250 with Allen "These statements I have written in for the closing up of the business of the "As a matter of fa ity Armstrong that McKinley would carry order that it may be known that the two companies. The corporations were duct our business ors Ohio by more than 50,000. The money plan of the murderers was known to me, both organized through the efforts of our whatever to the fac was turned over to Hanna by the stakeand that, sooner or later, my friends and George A. Weisse, who is president of :30 company has passed holder. Armstrong makes the point my children may demand their punishthe Geroge A. Weisse Malting and Eledethe Sugar people. " that the Bryan vote should be credited ment. vator company, and a son-in-law of ut. our head to any pre with the People's party vote, as well as "S. STAMBOULOFF." (Signed.) President Schneider of the National ew it is not likely we sh with the Democratic. Mr. Hanna was "Sofia, March 16, 1895." Bank of Illinois. The American Brewctent case. We are a sued on this same point a few weeks ago STAMBOULOFF'S MURDER. ing, Malting and EVEVATOR company is vill tion. and we shall e and settled out of court to avoid the,anThe murder of M. Stambouloff was the owner of extensive mul houses on for along the lines pre noyance and notoriety entailed by the brutal in the extreme. He was stabbed, North Ash avenue which are leased to "Work on our ne litigation. the other company and are used by it in shot, hacked and beaten in a most terBrooklyn will be rap FROM THE SILVER AREA the manufacture of malt. The Ameririble manner by his assailants who stopfew months we expe he can Malting, Brewing and Elevator ped his carriage while he was returning Come Thurston and Shoup, Urging "Recogworking order. Our ed home, during the evening of July 13, company has a large brewery adjoining nition" Upon Hanna stay." de from luncheon at the Union club, accomthe malt houses, and the two are closely Cleveland, Ohio, Dec. 22.-Senators to It was reported to related in business, one buying and seilpanied by a colleague, M. Petcoff. Both being made to sell t nt Thurston of Nebraska and Shoup of ing to the other. of the ex-premier's hands were chopped, to eighteenth of the Idaho arrived in the city this morning one wrist was almost severed from the Judge Horton, earlier in the day, apstock to the Sugar nd arm: he was repeatedly stabbed about and were driven immediately to the ofpointed a receiver for the general conleged that under the is fice of Hon. M. A. Hanna, where a long the body and shot in the head. After he tracting firm of Angus & Gindele on the value of the stock wi & conference was held between the three fell, the assassins continued stabbing application of John Angus, one of the a members of the firm. The assets of the gentlemen. At noon the talk had eviand hacking him until compelled to run MINOR FIST er concern were placed at $300,000 and the dently been finished for at that hour the away. The murder is said to have been on liabilities at $250,000. An answer was chairman escorted his visitors to the committed within sight of a number of Contests Within the te filed to the bill by George A. Gindele, Union club for lunch where the discusported From M gen d' armes, who ran away with the ed the other member of the firm, consentsion was resumed. While it is stated murderers and made no attempts to New York, Dec. 22 rs that the visit was of a social nature it is catch them. Both hands were amputating to the appointment of a receiver. Acmiddleweight champ of cording to the bill the National Bank of known that the prime object of the coned previous to his death. matched today to box rs ference was to discuss cabinet matters Illinois, which failed Monday, loaned TERRELL'S PULL ADVERTISED. ty rounds before e. the firm $250,000, and the suspension of and a gentleman close to Mr. Hanna club of Albany, N. Y Constantinople, Dec. 22.-The large at that institution has nearly destroyed the stated that there was little doubt that measure of clemency on the part of the be William's first app te credit of the contracting firm, SO there Messrs. Thurston and Shoup came here He comes well recom sultan toward Armenians, recently rewas nothing left but an application to a to urge Mr. Hanna's influence towards feated Charley Turne ferred to ,will probably bring about the ge court for relief. The assets of the partthe selection of some man representing many others. His onl release of 4,000 prisoners and the remitde the "disaffected silver districts which nership consist principally of real estate, istered by Tom Sha tance of all sentences of death. This has all notes, accounts receivable, and contracts they represent, as a member of the cabdecision over him in been promised to the patriarch of Arst. inet." for completion of public works, elevated Francisco last June. menia, but it needs ratification. railroad construction and the erection of At a council of ministers, at the reThe management HARRISON GETS HIS WATCH buildings. d. Athletic club, which quest of Mr. Terrell, the United States ed Boston, Dec. 22.-Boston banks, it is That is to Say, the Watch That Was Once minister, Hatoum Ardarian, who was boxing show tomorro Mr. Dimmick's. learned, have about $200,000 locked up in land City, at which imprisoned at Trebiend, has been reCthe National Bank of Illinois, which susCharles McKeever W Indianapolis, Ind., Dec. 22.-Several leased. Many individuals who surrenS, pended yesterday morning. The balhas been assured by dered to the government as revolutionweeks ago General Harrison was robbed ances kept in Chicago were much larger and sheriff that SO lo ists at Aleppo have also been set at libof a gold watch belonging to his wife. He ze than those held in any other western is conducted within erty, the release of the prisoners having offered a reward for its recovery and tone city, as Chicago is known as the "reference will be offer been promised to Mr. Terrell by the sulday he received a package from Chicago as serve city." The bulk of the western coltan. ties. containing the watch. The local police lections by Boston banks were made he Constantinople, Turkey, Dec. 22.-An Dolly Lyons of Net had nothing to do with the recovery and of through the First National bank of Chiirade has been issued granting amnesty Haugh of Brooklyn General Harrison would say nothing excago up to within a year ago, but were re twenty rounds befor to all Armenian prisoners except those cept to admit the receipt of the watch. at that time transferred to the National rAthletic club at Willi sentenced to death for murder. The terms Bank of Illinois. Boston bankers exhe was announced from of amnesty include about 100 Armenians ANCIENT LOVERS ELOPE to pect to receive all that IS due them. that Lyons was ill at under sentence of death for other offenAged Widower and Widow Elude the Vigi-


Article from The Topeka State Journal, December 23, 1896

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ing and Trust company had expected hat a run would be made upon their institution and were ready to meet it. They threw open the doors of the bank an hour earlier than usual, as they said they wanted to get the run out of the way, so they could transact their usual business without being disturbed. Quite a crowd of depositors had gathered at the doors before they were opened, and as soon as the bank was ready for business the depositors gave the paying tellers all they cared to do. The run kept up with energy for over an hour and then died away. At the close of business hours the officers announced that the amount taken in was treble that paid out and the bank was declared in better shape that at the openng in the morning, The run on the Hibernian Savings bank was of short duration as the officers declined to make any payment on ime deposits unless given 60 days notice. They said this was not because they were not prepared to pay all deposits in full, but because they wished to avoid embarrassment to smaller bankers who might not be prepared to pay all their deposits at once and who might be placed in an embarrassing position. The stronger banks were paying all demands for time deposits. There was a slight run on the Illinois Trust and Savings bank yesterday, the similarity of its name and that of the National Bank of Illinois having led some depositors to believe that the former was embarrassed. During the run in 1893, President John J. Mitchell of the Illinois Trust gave orders to pay all depositors who called for their money. This time, as soon as it became evident that there was likely to be a crowd in the bank, instructions were given the tellers to serve the customary 60 day notice, but to pay all depositors who could show that they wanted $100 of their money for a legitimate purpose. The result was that the score or more of people who had lined up at the paying teller's windows soon dispersed. Before the close of banking hours the excitement had completely died out. The giving of the notice was sanctioned by the clearing house committee and the object was to give the smaller ones the opportunity to point to its action as an excuse for giving the notice themselves which they did and thus effectually stopped a run. The Illinois Trust and Savings Bank is said to have $9,000,000 in cash on hand and is today loaning money instead of as in 1893, calling loans in to meet the demans of the savings depositors.


Article from The Evening Herald, December 23, 1896

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More Failures in Chicago. CHICAGO, Dec. 23-The failures of Angus & Gindele, general contractors: the American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company, the George A. Weisse Malting and Elevator company and George A. Weisse individually, all of these being due to the collapse of the National Bank of Illinois, and small runs on three banks were the echoes yesterday of the bank failures of Monday. Runs were made. on the Garden City Banking and Trust company, the Hibernian Savings bank and the Illinois Trust and Savings bank, and none of the runs was of much importance. Before the close of banking hours the excitement had completely died out.


Article from Rock Island Argus, December 23, 1896

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HELP FOR THE SMALLER BANKS. The Reason for Giving Notice-Assignments That Were Made. The giving of the notice was sanctioned by the clearing house committee, and the object was (the Illinois Trust being the strongest savings bank in the city) to give the smaller ones the opportunity to point to its action as an excuse for giving the notices themselves, which they did, and thus effectually stopped-a run at any of the savings banks. The Illinois Trust and Savings bank is said to have $9,000,000 in cash on hand, and was loaning money instead of, as in 1893, calling loans to meet the demands of the savings depositors. The run on the Hibernian Savings bank was of short duration, as the officers declined to make any payment on time deposits unless given the legal sixty-day notice. The American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company, and George A. Weiss Malting and Elevator company, and George A. Weiss individually assigned last evening in the county court. No statement was filed as to assets and liabilities. The two companies carried on business at the same place. The failure of the two corporations was the result of the failure of the National bank of Illinois. The two companies were borrowers from the bank and indebted to the bank when it failed to the amount of over half a million. Weiss is a son-in-law of President Schneider, of the National bank of Illinois. Chicago, Dec. 23.-Two Central station detectives searched the town last night for E. S. Dreyer and Robert Berger, for whose arrest on a charge of embezzlement warrants were sworn out yesterday afternoon before Justice Hall by Frank E. Kennedy. The firm of Dicks & Kennedy kept its account at Dryer's bank. At noon Saturday Kennedy made up his daily deposit and took it to the bank. The currency and checks aggregated $154.15. The bank doors were closed, but on Kennedy showing his book the doorkeeper permitted him to enter and the receiving teller accepted the deposit. Kennedy's action in swearing out the warrants was largely induced by the treatment he received at the bank a few minutes before his trip to Justice Hall's. He visited the bank to make a courteous inquiry, and was told that if he did not leave the place immediately and voluntarly he would be forced to do so under the escort of a policeman. "Treatment of this kind," said Kennedy last night, "made me indignant, and I made up my mind that after I had lost my money I was at least entitled to civil treatment." No arrests had been made at latest advices. DENIAL OF THE ECKELS STATEMENT Directors Indignant at What The Currency Comptroller Says. Directors of the insolvent National Bank of Illinois are indignantly denying the justice of Comptroller Eckels' criticism of their alleged carelesspees


Article from Omaha Daily Bee, December 23, 1896

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DRAGS DOWN MINOR FIRMS Chicago Bank Failure Involves Some Other Institutions. PANIC, HOWEVER, IN NO SENSE GENERAL Two Savings Banks Meet n Run by Giving the Sixty-Day Notice and This Gives Confidence to Others. CHICAGO, Dec. 22.-The failure of Angus & Gindele, general contractors; the American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company, the George A. Weisse Malting and Elevator company, and George A. Welase, individually, all of these being due to the collapse of the National Bank of Illinois, and small runs on three banks were the echoes today of the bank failures of yesterday. Runs were made on the Garden City Banking and Trust company, the Hibernian Savings bank and the Illinois Trust and Savings bank, but none of the runs were of much importance. The officers of the Garden City Banking and Trust company had expected that a run would be made on their institutions and were ready to meet it. They threw open the doors of the bank an hour earlier than usual, as they said they wanted to get the run out of the way 60 they could transact their usual business without being disturbed. Quite a crowd of depositors had gathered at the doors before they were opened and as soon as the bank was ready for business the depositors gave the paying tellers all they cared to do. The run kept up with energy for over an hour and then died away. At the close of banking hours the officers of the institution announced that during the day the amount of money taken in was treble that paid out and the bank was declared in better shape than at the opening of the doors in the morning. The run on the Hibernian Savings bank was of such duration that the officers declined to make any payment on time deposits unless given sixty days notice. They said this was not because they were but not prepared to pay all depositors in full. because they wished to avoid embarrassment to smaller bankers. who might not be prepared to pay all their depositors at once and who might be placed in an embarrassing position. The stronger banks were paying all demands for time deposits. There was a slight run on the Illinois Trust and Savings bank shortly after it opened this morning. the similarity of its name and that of the National Bank of Illinois having led some depositors to believe that the former was embarrassed. During the run in 1891, President John J. Mitchell of the Illinois Trust. gave orders to pay all depositors who called for their money and was criticised by other bankers for doing SO. This morning, as soon as it became evident that there was likely to be a crowd in the bank. instructions were given the tellers to serve the customary sixty days notice. but to pay all depositors who could show that they wanted $100 of their money for a legitimate purpose. The result was that the score or more of people who had lined up at the paying teller's windows soon dispersed. Before the closing hour the excitement had completely died out. The giving of the notice was sanctioned by the clearing house and the object (the Illinois Trust being the strongest savings bank in the city) to give the smaller ones the opportunity to point to its action as an excuse for giving the notice themselves, which they did, and thus effectually stopped a run. The Illinois Trust and Savings bank is said to have $9,000 000 in cash on hand and was today loaning money instead of. as in 1893. calling in loans to meet the demands of the savings depositors. The American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company, the George A. Weisse Malting and Elevator company, and George S. Weisse assigned this evening in the county court. The assignments of the two companies which are intimately connected in business, and that of Weisse were brought into court together at 6 o'clock. The assignee of the American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company is the Chicago Title and Trust company. The George Weisse Malting and Elevator company assigned to the Chicago Title and Trust company, and that company is the assignee of Weisse also. No statement was filed. The failure of the two corporations was the result of the failure of the National Bank of Illinois. The two companies were borrowers from the bank, and were indebted to it when it failed to the amount of over $500,000. As soon as the failure of the bank was announced, preparations were begun for the closing up of the two companies. The


Article from The Saint Paul Globe, December 23, 1896

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THREE FIRMS CARRIED DOWN. TWO CONTROLLED BY SON-IN-LAW OF ILLINOIS NATIONAL'S PRESIDENT. BANK DOORS OPEN BEFORE HOURS. Fear of Depositors as to Savings Satisfied Without Difficulty-Increase in Receipts. CHICAGO, Dec. 22.-The failures of Angus & Gindele, general contractors; the American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company, the George A. Weisse Malting and Elevator company and George A. Welsse individually, all of these being due to the collapse of the National Bank of Illinois, and small runs on three banks were the echoes today of the bank failures of yesterday. Runs were made on the Garden City Banking & Trust company, the Hibernian Savings bank and the Illinois Trust and Savings bank, but none of the runs was of much importance. The officers of the Garden City Banking and Trust company had expected that a run would be made upon their institution and were ready to meet it. They threw open the doors of the bank an hour earlier than usual, as they said they wanted to get the run out of the way, SO that they could transact their usual business without being disturbed. Quite a crowd of depositors had gathered at the doors before they were opened, and as soon as the bank was ready for business the depositors gave the paying tellers all they cared to do. The run kept up with energy for over an hour and then died away. At the close of banking hours the officers of the instiution announced that during the day the amount of money taken in was treble that paid out, and the bank was declared to be in better shape than at the opening of the doors in the morning. The run on the Hibernian Savings bank was of short duration, as the officers declined to make any payment on time deposits unless given the legal sixty-day notice. They said that this was not because they were not prepared to pay all depositors in full, but because they wished to avoid embarrassment to smaller banks who might not be prepared to pay all their depositors at once, and who might be placed in an embarrassing position if the stronger banks were paying all demands for time deposits. There was a slight run on the Illinois Trust and Savings bank shortly after it opened this morning, the similarity of its name and that of the National Bank of Illinois having led some depositors to believe that the former was embarrassed. During the run in 1895 President John J. Mitchell. of the minois Trust, gave orders to pay all depositors who called for their money, and was criticized by other bankers for doing so. This morning, as soon as it became evident that there was likely to be a crowd in the bank, instructions were given the tellers to serve the customary sixty-day notice, but to pay all depositors who could show that they wanted $100 of their money for a legitimate purpose. The result was that the score or more of people who had lined up at the paying tellers' windows soon dispersed. Before the close of banking hours the excitement had completely died out. The giving of the notice was sanctioned by the clearing house committee, and the object was (the Illinois Trust being the strongest savings bank in the city) to give the smaller ones the opportunity to point to its action as an excuse for giving the notice themselves, which they did, and thus effectually stopped a run at any of the savings banks. The Illinois Trust and Savings bank is said to have $9,000,000 in cash on hand, and was today loaning money instead of, as in 1893, calling loans to meet the demands of the savings depositors. The American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company, the George A. Weisse Malting and Elevator company. and George A. Welsse assigned this evening in the county court. The assignments of the two companies, which are intimately connected in business, and that of Weisse were brought into court together at 6 o'clock. The assignee of the American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company is the Chicago Title and Trust company. The George A. Weisse Malting and Elevator company assigned to the Security Title and Trust company, and that company is the assignee of Weisse also. No statement was filed as to the assets or liabilities. The two companies carried on business at the same place, 922 North Ashland avenue. The failure of the two corporations was the result of the failure of the National Bank of Illinois. The two companies were borrowers from the bank and were indebted to the bank when it failed to the amount of over $500,000. As soon as the failure of the bank was announced, preparations were begun for the closing up of the busi-


Article from Rock Island Argus, December 23, 1896

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HELP FOR THE SMALLER BANKS. The Reason for Giving Notice-Assignments That Were Made. The giving of the notice was sanctioned by the clearing house committee, and the object was (the Illinois Trust being the strongest savings bank in the city) to give the smaller ones the opportunity to point to its action as an excuse for giving the notices themselves, which they did, and thus effectually stopped a run at any of the savings banks. The Illinois Trust and Savings bank is said to have $9,000,000 in cash on hand, and was loaning money instead of, as in 1893. calling loans to meet the demands of the savings depositors. The run on the Hibernian Savings bank was of short duration, as the officers declined to make any payment on time deposits unless given the legal sixty-day notice. The American Brewing, Malting and Elevator company, and George A. Weiss Malting and Elevator company, and George A. Weiss individually assigned last evening in the county court. No statement was filed as to assets and liabilities. The two companies carried on business at the same place. The failure of the two corporations was the result of the failure of the National bank of Illinois. The two companies were borrowers from the bank and indebted to the bank when it failed to the amount of over half a million. Weiss is a son-in-law of President Schneider, of the National bank of Illinois. Chicago, Dec. 23.-Two Central station detectives searched the town last night for E. S. Dreyer and Robert Berger, for whose arrest on a charge of embezzlement warrants were sworn out yesterday afternoon before Justice Hall by Frank E. Kennedy. The firm of Dicks & Kennedy kept its account at Dryer's bank. At noon Saturday Kennedy made up his daily deposit and took it to the bank. The currency and checks aggregated $154.15. The bank doors were closed, but on Kennedy showing his book the doorkeeper permitted him to enter and the receiving teller accepted the deposit. Kennedy's action in swearing out the warrants was largely induced by the treatment he received at the bank a few minutes before his trip to Justice Hall's. He visited the bank to make a courteous inquiry. and was told that if he did not leave the place immediately and voluntarily he would be forced to do so under the escort of a policeman. "Treatment of this kind," said Kennedy last night, "made me indignant, and I made up my mind that after I had lost my money I was at least entitled to civil treatment." No arrests had been made at latest advices. DENIAL OF THE ECKELS STATEMENT


Article from The Norfolk Virginian, December 24, 1896

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he Law is Trying to Fix the Blame for the I Big Chicago Failure. FCEIVED DEPOSITS AFTER FAILURE 9 the Charge Brought-They Were Admitted to Ball-Runs on Two of the Banks Continue-A Remarksblc Record of Failures throughout the Country Yesterday. Chicago, December Charges and counter charges in connection with the management of the National Bank of Ilinois were made to-day and engrossed he attention of the financial community o the exclusion of the days events surrounding the big financial collapse. The public scare is practically over and a complete restoration of confidence seems to have been effected. BANK OFFICERS ARRAIGNED By arrangement of the police department, counsel for the defendants and Justice of the Peace W. T. Hall, the acused private bankers Edward S. Dreyr and Robert Berger. entered Justice Hall's private courtroom this afternoon. Detective Fay who held the warrants which F E. Kennedy, a saloon keeper and depositor at Drever & Co.'s bank, had sworn to. announced that the men vere under arrest. The charge in each ase is that the bank received a deposit if $153 at the close of business last Saturday, knowing at the time that they were insolvent. The defendants were accompanied by Adolf Kraus, their lawyer, and Charles 1. Wacker, of the Wacker & Birk Brewng Company The latter signed the bond of the bankers in the sum of $500 each for their appearance in Justice Hall's court January 2. Kennedy says 10 is acting for himself only. but his action is regarded as premature and III& advised by those who believe Dreyer Co.'s failure could not be foreseen. A SHORT RECEIVERSH!P. The shortest bank receivership on record-forty-eight hours-was that of John H. Nichols, who was appolited reeiver Monday afternoon for Frederick Veirzma, proprietor of the Roseland Savings Bank of Roseland, which cleard through the National Bank of IIIInois, The receiver appeared before Judge Maney this afternoon and reportd there were assets of $83,000 in cash and real estate and liabilities of $51,600. SufIcient money had been raised to carry on the business and the judge dischargd the receiver. The bank will open its loors to-morrow morning. THE RUNS KEPT UP. The runs on the Illinois Trust and Savings and Hibernian banks continued to-day in lesser degree. and when the usual hour arrived there was not enough of it line at each bank to dignify the seare as : run. No vestige of the exeitement is expected after Christmas day. The officers of the Illinois Trust were so confident that the run on their bank had come to an ignoble end that after paying out under the GO day notice rule for depositors of over $100 for an hour or so. decided to remove all restriclinis and began payment in full 10 all depositors in line. At the Hibernian bank the notice was adhered to. A staff of accountants, in charge of an expert. was put to work during the day it the Dreyer & Co. and Wasmandorff S Heinmann banks. and next week a report is expected which will give an inelfigent Idea of the condition of both houses. A SCAPEGOAT. Vice-President Hammond, who Is charged with pulling the wool over the yes of the directors of the defunct National Bank, would not talk for publicaNon when seen to-day at his Evanston home, but a friend. speaking for him. sadd: W. A. Hammond is to be made the scapegent of the failure of the bank He is a broken man to-day but he is not any more to blame for the amount of money loaned on Calumet Electric seenHty than are the members of the Finance Committee of the bank and its directors. It was necessary for the purposes of a man connected with the South Chicago City Railway and an officer of one of the biggest banks in Chicago, to depreciate Calumet road stock and to this end these two men accomplished the wreck of the National Bank of Illinois. Every member of the Finance Committee and directors of the failed bank knew he full amount of the Citlumet loan and hoped to make individual fortunes on the success of the venture. They were given stock of the road and the purpose of the !cal was to sell the property and besides paying the bank loan. make a neat sum for the directors. There has been a harp contest between the General Elecand South Chicago City Railway Companies to get control of the Calunet bonds. The latter road will be worth $5,000,000 in five years and the outdiders who ruined the bank knew it. but


Article from Birmingham State Herald, December 24, 1896

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RUNS ON BANKS Continue in Chicago, But in a Modified Form. Chicago, Dec. 23.-The run on the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank and the Hibernian Banking association continues today, as expected by the officers of both the institutions, but is diminished in size. About half the number of yesterday were in line at the Illinois Trust Bank, all being savings depositors whose accounts did not average enough to disturb the equanimity of the bank officers. At the Hibernian bank the crowd of people, mostly women, was somewhat less than yesterday and their deposits did not average $100 each. Considering the bank has 233,000 savings depositors, a falling off of two or three thousand timid ones is to be expected. The officers of the bank look for a continuation tomorrow and then the end. The Christmas day rest is expected to have a cooling effect. Business went on as usual at the other banks which have savings departments.


Article from The Herald, December 24, 1896

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1896. LOS ANGELES HERALD: THURSDAY MORNING. DECEMBER 24, trying to control the Calumet Electric road. Three years ago E. S. Dryer alone allowed the bank $1,000,000. and for three GREED FOR SUDDEN GAINS BRIGHAM'S BRIGHT LETTER years Mr. Hammond had been trying to reduce that. It was reduced one-half when the doors of the bank closed, and it was due to Vice President Hammond that this was accomplished. If the seAssigned as Cause of the Bank Weekly Budget of Gossip From curities for the loans of these two menFailure Dryer and Weiss-have disappeared, the Capitol they disappeared Saturday. That point I may come out later. One director in the bank, who has been talking a great deal since the condition of the concern beDEPOSITORS MAY BE PAID UNCLE SAM AS JUNK DEALER t came public, took $12,000 out of the bank r Saturday afternoon. There was no exC cuse for falsification of accounts, for the directors knew the amount of the Curiosities of the Dead Letter But Their Prospects Daily Grow Less Calumet loan. You can't cover up a Office $1,000,000 loan in a bank where bankers Promising do their duty. h The Illinois Trust and Savings bank 1 withdrew today the sixty days' notice t Prompt Action by Clearing House and Odds and Ends of Personal Gossip. given to depositors Tuesday and paid k all who called for their money. There S Bank Examiners Has Minimized What it Is to Be in the "Swim" was no run whatever. Some of the othC the Effects of the Failure of Political Society er savings banks also withdrew the noi tice, and the others that gave it will do d likewise, as the anxiety among deposin Associated Press Special Wire (Special Correspondence to The Herald.) tors has entirely abated. V CHICAGO, Dec. 23.-W. H. Hammond, S A CONTINGENT FAILURE. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 19.-One second vice president of the National e of the queerest "institutions" of the naSALT LAKE. Utah, Dec. 23.-Phelps p Bank of Illinois, who has been charged & Co., grain brokers of this city, have tion's capital is the annual clearance it failed, with liabilities of $10,000. They with pulling the wool over the eyes of the sale of the dead letter office, in which a C claim the failure is que to the failure directors of the defunct bank, would not vast accumulation of articles gone of Boone & Co. of Chicago. They also talk today when seen at his palatial astray in the mails are sold to the highp claim that the Chicago house was caught home at Evanston. Through an intiS1 by the failure of the National Bank of est bidders. It has been going on all ti Illinois. mate friend, however, he made a statethe week, day and evening sales, and C ment calculated to inculpate several diA MAINE BANK FAILS. the end is not yet in sight. The auction e rectors, as well as two or three men not AUBURN, Me., Dec. 23.-The Amerihouse where it is held is continually p concerned with the bank. can Banking and Trust company of AuS crowded with excited men, women and burn closed its doors and made applica"W. A. Hammond is to be made the b children, and beside it the bargain tion for a receiver today. b scapegoat of the failure of the National counters during Christmas week are as HATMAKERS ASSIGN. T Bank of Illinois," said the friend. havens of rest. for when Uncle Samli TORONTO, Ont., Dec. MacPherson "Hammond is a broken man today, but uel goes into the junk shop business o & Co., hat manufacturers. assigned tonot any more to blame for the amount of k great things are expected. It is the only day. The estate is large. No statement money loaned on Calumet securities u of assets has been prepared. lottery which the government encour$2 than other men on the finance committee ATTACHMENTS ISSUED. ages, and though the system is not exn of the bank and its directors. It was NEW YORK, Dec. 23.-The sheriff toactly of the Louisiana variety, the day received two attachments, aggrenecessary for the purposes of a man spirit of it is the same; as is the church gating $29,261, against the property in connected with the Sotuh Chicago railfair raffle, you pay a small amount of this city of the Bank of Minnesota of St. road and an officer of one of the best money and trust to luck to get back Paul, which failed yesterday. One atT known banks in this city to depreciate tachment for $24,361 was in favor of more than its value. The faro game at Calumet electric road stocks, and to this Henry Millag on an assigned claim of Monte Carlo is not much ahead of this end these two men brought about the the Third National bank of Boston, and government grab bag in point of exthe other for $5000 in favor of Cornelius wrecking of the National Bank of IllinA citement. The articles previously listed S. Loder. A deputy sheriff served copies ois. Of the bank's funds $2,475,000 had in a wholesale sort of way are tied up in p of the attachments on the Chase Nabeen loaned on Calumet securities. The bundles of from three to half a dozen tional and Mechanics' National banks. na plan is to depreciate Calumet stock and and "auctioned" for what they will The New York and New Jersey Lumla bring, the average bids ranging between buy it; then combine this valuable propber company, a West Virginia corporaA tion, today assigned to Harwood & Pool. 10 cents and $1. Nobody is permitted erty, sixty-three miles of new track, ty The company was incorporated in 1892. to examine the goods before purchasing, S equipment and franchise, with the South Chicago nailroad eventually comand no money is refunded to the dissat-


Article from The San Francisco Call, December 24, 1896

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MONEY BROKERS UNDER ARREST Sequel to the Collapse of the Illinois National Bank. A Concern That Was Squeezed by a Calumet E'ectric Bond Deal. The Public Scare Practically Over and Confidence Seems to Have Been Restored. CHICAGO, ILL., Dec. 23.-Charges and counter charges in connection with the management of the National Bank of Illinois were made to-day and engrossed the attention of the financial community to the exclusion of the day's events surrounding the big National bank collapse. The arrest of Bankers Dreyer and Berger, the discharge of the receiver of the Roseland Bank and the continuation of the savings depositors' run on the Illinois Trust and Savings Bank and the Hibernian Banking Association were the principal developments. The public scare is practically over and a complete restoration of confidence seems to have been effected. By arrangement of the Police Department counsel for the defendants and Justice of the Peace W. T. Hall, the accused private bankers, Edward S. Dryer and Robert Berger, entered Justice Hall's courtroom at 2 o'clock this afternoon. Detective Fay, who held the warrants which F. E. Kennedy, a saloon-keeper and depositor at Dreyer & Co.'s Bank, had sworn to, announced that the men were under arrest. The char. e in each case is that the bankers received a deposit of $153 at the close of business last Saturday, knowing at the time that they were insolvent. The defendants were accompanied by Adolf Kraus, their lawyer, and Charles H. Wacker of the Wacker G Birk Brewing Company. The latter signed the bond of the bankers in the sum of $500 each for their appearance in Justice Hall's court January 2. Kennedy says he is acting for himself only, but his action is regarded as premature and ill advised by those who believe the Dreyer & Co. failure could not be foreseen. In this connection Levy Mayer, counsel for the National Bank of Illinois and Dreyer & Berger, said to a reporter of the United Associated Presses this afternoon: "Dreyer & Co. cleared through the National Bank of Illinois. At the close of business Saturday afternoon there was not the slightest doubt entertained by the firm or even the shadow. of a suggestion that they would not go on as usual Monday morning. Without a clearance bank they could not possibly open up. The end of the National Bank of Illinois was


Article from The Saint Paul Globe, December 24, 1896

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which took place tonight before the Empire Athletic club of this city. HAMMOND DEFENDED. Illinois National Wreck Charged to Other Hands. CHICAGO, Dèc. 23.-E. S. Dreyer and his partner, Robert Berger, of the banking firm of E. S. Dreyer & Co., which collapsed Monday as a result of the closing of the National Bank of Illinois, and for whose arrest warrants were issued last night, gave themselves up today. Arrangements had already been made for bondsmen, and the two bankers were promptly released. Dreyer and Berger are charged with receiving a deposit on Saturday last, knowing that their bank was insolvent. W. A. Hammond, second vice president of the National Bank of Illinois, who has been charged with pulling the wool over the eyes of the directors of the defunct bank, would not talk today when seen in his home at Evanston. However, he made a statement which is calculated to inculpate several of the directors, as well as two or three men who are not connected with the bank. The Post makes the above statement, and gives the following: "W. A. Hammond is to be made the scapegoat of the failure of the National Bank of Illinois," said a friend. "Hammond is a broken man today, but he is not any more to blame for the amount of money loaned on Calumet securities than are the members of the finance committee of the bank and its directors. It was necessary to the purposes of a man connected with the South Chicago City railway, and an officer of one of the best known banks in the city, to depreciate the stock of the Calumet street railway, and these two men brought about the wrecking of the National Bank of Illinois. Of the bank's funds $2,475,000 had been loaned on Calumet securities. The plan for wrecking was brilliant: Cause an investigation, depreciate Calumet stock, combine this valuable property of 63 miles of new track, equipment and franchise, with the South Chicago railway, eventually combining with the Chicago City railway, and make a fortune of millions within five or ten years." "Could the matter have been delayed thirty or sixty days the Calumet Electric securities would not have been found among the bank's assets. The sale would have been effected possibly at a loss to the bank, but without disturbance to the public or heavy loss to stockholders of the bank. But this course would not suit the purpose of persons desiring to control the Calumet Electric road. Three years ago E. S. Dreyer alone owed the bank $1,000,000, and for three years Mr. Hammond had been trying to reduce that. It was reduced one-half when the doors of the bank closed and it was due to Vice President Hammond that this was accomplished. If the securities for the loans to these two menDreyer and Weiss-have disappeared, they disappeared Saturday. That point may come out later. One director in the bank who has been talking a great deal since the condition of the concern became public took $12,000 out of the bank Saturday afternoon." The Illinois Trust and Savings bank withdrew today the sixty-day notice given to depositors Tuesday and paid all who called for their money. There was no run whatever. Some of the other savings banks also withdrew the notice and the others that gave it will do likewise, as the anxiety among depositors has entirely abated.


Article from Abilene Weekly Reflector, December 24, 1896

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ALMOST A PANIC. Several Failures and Financial Distrust Makes Excitement in Chicago. CHICAGO. Dec. 23.-The vailures of Angus & Gildele, general contractors; the American Brewing, Malting & Elevator Co.; the George A Weisse Malting & Elevator Co., and George A. Weisse, individually, all of these being due to the collapse of the National Bank of Illinois, and small runs on three banks, were the echoes yesterday of the bank failures of Monday. Runs were made on the Garden City Banking & Trust Co., the Hibernian savings bank and the Illinois Trust & Savings bank, but none of the runs were of much importance.


Article from Deseret Evening News, December 8, 1897

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TELEGRAPHIC BREVITIES. Senator McLaurin of South Carolina is confined to his bed In Washington, fever. D. C., with an attack of typhoid The Senate committee on foreign relations today authorized a favorable report upon a bill prohibiting pelagic sealing by the people of the United States. Horton Gilmore McWilliams & company, wholesale hardware dealers, Chicago, assigned to the Illinois Trust and Savings bank today. The liabilities are $210,000 and the assets $300,000. Senator McBride has received a telegram at Washington, D. C., from W. S. Mason, president of the chamber of commerce of Portland, Oregon, urging Klondike relief. Senator Davis, chairman of the foreign relations committee, says he is not ready to proceed with the Hawaiian annexation treaty and cannot now fix a time when it will be done, though he thought it would be before the holidays. The directors of the American Sugar Refining company at New York have declared the regular dividends on the common and preferred stocks at the rate of three per cent on the common and 1% per cent on the preferred stock. Commander-in-Chief Gobin, of the G. A. R., has called a meeting of the executive committee of the national council, to be held in Cincinnati, December 15, to fix the date of the next national encampment. M. Frederique, managing editor of the Haytien Journal Impartial, and alleged author of the virulent articles attacking the Germans, who is accused of desiring to excite the populace of the place against the government, was arrested today. A special to the St. Joseph, Mo., Daily News from Jefferson City, says: Governor Stephens has issued requisition papers for Joseph Johnson, the negro coachman, who eloped with Miss Neal, a wealthy white girl, of Sweet Springs, Mo. Officers have gone to Missoula, Montana, after Johnson.