First National Bank (Birmingham, AL)

Episode Information

Episode UID
318501122
Episode Type
Run โ†’ Suspension โ†’ Reopening
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
31850 national
Charter Number
3185
Start Date
June 22, 1893
Location
Birmingham, Alabama (33.521, -86.802)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
2fd76b2b7e2f6086

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Public signal of financial health, Capital injected, Full suspension, Books examined

Other: Shareholders/creditors (holders of about $300,000 of claims) signed agreement to allow the bank to resume; Comptroller appointed an examiner/receiver and imposed conditions for reopening.

Clearinghouse involved: Yes (loan, examination, or other measures)

Events (4)

1. May 15, 1884 Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2. June 22, 1893 Run
Cause
Rumor Or Misinformation
Cause Details
Unfounded rumor/idle gossip that the bank refused to pay a large $80,000 check and association with Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad pay issues.
Random Run
Yes
Random Run Snippet
Unfounded rumor bank refused to pay an $80,000 check precipitated run
Measures
Paid out withdrawals (about $30,000โ€“$40,000) and declined outside offer of $300,000; assured depositors of strength.
Newspaper Excerpt
An unfounded rumor that the First National bank had refused to pay a check for $80,000 precipitated a run on that institution this morning.
Source
newspapers
3. August 2, 1893 Suspension
Cause Details
Continual withdrawals and inability to collect funds quickly enough (liquidity crisis) caused suspension.
Newspaper Excerpt
The First National Bank failed to open its doors this morning. Notice: 'Continual withdrawals of deposits and inability to collect money fast enough to meet the same caused the suspension.'
Source
newspapers
4. October 9, 1893 Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
The First National Bank of Birmingham, Ala., which suspended payment August 2, 1893, ... has been permitted to reopen its doors for business.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (22)

Article from The Times, June 23, 1893

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A Real Estate Firm Falls. CHICAGO, June 22.-The real estate firm of Baird & Bradley made an assignment in the county court this morning to the Title Guarantee and Trust Company. The assets are placed at $600.000 and the liabilities at $400,000. The firm had plenty of assets in the way of valuable real estate, which, if it could have been disposed of, would have saved It from going into insolvency, But the condition of the real estate market at the present time is not stimulating and ready cash was not fortheoming. RUN ON A BIRMINGHAM BANK. The Institution, However, Will Stand the Attack Cause of the Trouble. BIRMINGHAM, ALA., June 22.-There was a run on the First National Bank, the strongest financial institution of this city, to-day, caused by idle gossip connected with the failure of the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company to pay its employes last Saturday. The First National is the Tennessee Company's depository here, but otherwise is not in any way connected with the company. Only small depositors took part in the run, and they drew out about $30,000. The deposits of the day trebly exceeded that amount. The run was soon over and there is no danger of Its being renewed An evidence of the bank's strength was shown in an offer of $300,000 from New York, which was declined. Individual deposits subject to check exceed $700,000, and the bank is in a position to meet every possible demand upon its resparces. The Tennessee Company employs about one thousand miners here, and the fallure to pay last Saturday was explained by inability to prepare the pay-rolls, owing to a physical accident at the last moment to the company's chief clerk. The suspicion of the men was aroused, however, and the trouble was charged to the First National Bank, which, really, does nothing more than act as paymaster of the company. The company does not owe the bank, nor does the bank owe the company. The relation between the two is purely one of convenience. Rumors that have gone about that the Tennessee Company has gone into the hands of a receiver are without foundation.


Article from Richmond Dispatch, June 23, 1893

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BIRMINGHAM BANK-RUN. Due to Idle Gossip-Soon Over-Tennessee Coal Company. (By telegraph to the Dispatch. BIRMINGHAM. ALA., June 22.-There was a run on the First National Bank, the strongest financial institution of this city, to-day, caused by idle gossip connected with the failure of the Tennessee Coal, Iron, and Railroad Company to pay its employees last Saturday. The First National is the Tennessee company's depository here. but otherwise is not in any way connected with the company. Only small depositors took part in the run and they drow out about $30,000. The deposits of the day trebly exceeded that amount. The run was soon over. and there is no danger of its being renewed. An evidence of the bank's strength was shown in an offer of $300,000 from New York, which was declined. The individual deposits subject to check exceed $700,000, and the bank is in a position to meet every possible demand upon its resources. The Tennessee company employs about a thousand miners here, and the failure to pay last Saturday was explained by inability to prepare the pay-rolls, owing to a physical accident at the last moment to the company's chief clerk. The suspicion of the men was aroused. however, and the trouble was charged to the First Na. tional Bank, which really does nothing more than act as paymaster of the company. The company does not owe the bank, nor does the bank owe the company. The relation between the two is purely one of convenience. Rumors that have gone about that the Tennessee company has gone into the hands of a receiver are without foundation.


Article from Morning Journal and Courier, June 23, 1893

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BIRMINGHAM, Ala., June 22.-An-unfounded rumor that the First National bank had refused to pay a check for $80,000 precipitated a run on that institution this morning. The bank paid out about $40,000 up to noon when the run ceased.


Article from Morning Journal and Courier, June 23, 1893

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DR. SAMUEL HART ELECTED. He is Chosen Bishop of the Diocese of Vermont at the Special Episcopal Convention-One of the Best Scholars in the Liturgy of the Church. BURLINGTON, Vt, June 22.-In the special Episcopal convention for the election of a bishop of the diocese of Vermont today Rev. Samuel Hart, D. D., of Hartford, Conn, was elected on the fourth ballot. The convention was called to order at 2 o'clock by J. Isham Bliss it was found twenty-seven out of twenty-nine clergymen entitled to vote were present, fortytwo represented two Before parishes lay delegates. being proceeding by eighty an election Dr. Bliss addressed the convention concerning the gravity of the question before it. Rev. E. H. Randall, Poultney, offered the following: When the convention shall proceed to election of a bishop only those entitled to vote shall be allowed seats in the church. Some disapprobation of the action of the convention was expressed. By general consent no nominating speeches were made. Ballots were cast for Revs. W.J. Harris of Rutland, W. B. Walker of Bennington, L. A. Arthur of Detroit, Mich., W. H. Dennison, Roxbury, Pa.; Thomas S. Davenport, Memphis, Tenn.; Dr. J. Carey, Saratoga, N.Y.; Dr. D. C. Roberts, Concord, N. H. McC. Fiske, Providence, R. I;; and Dr. Samuel Hart, Hartford. Dr. Hart received a majority on the fourth ballot, and his election was made unanimous Samuel Hart, D.D. bishop elect of the Vermont, was born in Saybrock, in 1845. His father was a Hart graduated man. diocese Conn., Dr. of from Trinity clergy- at the college in 1866, and after a course Berkeley Divinity school, Middletown, he was ordained by Bishop Williams. He was several years a He is secretary of the ity. for professor house member in of Trin- bishhas been for several years a of convention a part in the the prominent ops, the general and revision has taken of prayer-book. He is recognized as one of the best scholars in the liturgy of the church. BANK DOORS CLOSED. Two Banks in Santa Anna Did Not Open Their Doors-Only One Bank Left in San Diego. SANTA ANNA, Cal., June .-The First National bank and the Commercial bank of Santa Anna did not open their doors this to heavy morning owing withdrawals collect fast of deposits and inability to Both banks are be enough. They declared assets and to solvent. have ample can in time pay in full. NO STATEMENT MADE. GREENVILLE, Mich., June 22.-The City National bank of this city was closed this morning by order of Bank Examiner Caldwell. No statement of the bank's condition has yet been made public. ONLY ONE LEFT. SAN DIEGO, Cal., June 22.-The Bank of Commerce failed to open its doors this morning. The new Merchants' National bank is the only bank left. CAUSED BY FALSE REPORT. BIRMINGHAM, Ala., June 22.-An-unthat the First National refused to pay a bank founded had rumor check for $80, 000 a run on this The bank precipitated morning. paid that institution out ceased. about $40,000 up to noon when the run PEACE MUST BE MAINTAINED. Governor Flower Sends a Caustic Letter to the Sheriff of Erie County. WATERTOWN, N.Y., June 22.-Governor Flower, at his home in this city, received from the telegram to-day Eastern Lumber that of Tonawanda to firms company the lumber doing business the effect in TonaErie on because no can be their wanda, doeks county, cannot land protection lumber the sheriff none from the obtained village from authorities, sufficient unload and vessels to induce their to attempt to now there to and to governor men or arrive, urgently protection appeal the for military 80 that they may be able to transact their business. Immediately upon the receipt of the dispatch Governor Flower sent following to the shoriff of dispatch Erie the county: dealers wire that cannot lumber on the boats they "The as it me arriyes lumber they their of land because Tonawanda, their and have no for men you have to aid them. one and I expect you to plain refused protection Your do duty it. You is have to summon the citizens of Erie to you the power county aid law adjoining and abiding National guard of yours and if necessary. good order be any counties, must maintained Peace at FLOWER." and cost. ROSWELL P. (Signed)


Article from The Roanoke Times, June 23, 1893

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Financial Failures Yesterday POMONA, Cal., June - The People's Bank did not open this morning. This notice was on the door: "Owing to the existing financial stringency the board of directors of this bank have decided to temporarily close its doors. Depositors will be paid in full." NASHVILLE, Tenn., June 22.-B. T. Rhea & Son, grain dealers, assigned for the benefit of their creditors to-day. Liabilities $100,000, with about equal assets. Local banks are the largest creditors. NEW YORK, June 22.-The Post announces the failure of Henry Sheldon & Co., the well known tea and coffee firm. They are highly rated in the commercial agencies and have resources between $200,000 and $300,000. BIRMINGHAM, Ala., June 21.-There was a run on the First National Bank, the strongest financial institution of this city, to-day, caused by idle gossip connected with the failure of the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company to pay its employes last Saturday. It was checked, however, without damage being done.


Article from The Roanoke Times, June 24, 1893

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CAUSED BY GOSSIP. Alabama's Strongest Financial Institution Victimized by Idle Rumors. BIRMINGHAM, June 23.-There was a run on the First National bank, the strongest financial institution of this city, caused by idle gossip connected with the failure of the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad compary to pay its employes last Saturday. The First national is the Tennessee company's depository here, but otherwise is not in any way connected with the company. Only small depositors took part in the run and they drew out about $30,000. The deposits of the day trebly exceeded that amount. The run was soon over and there is no danger of its being renewed. An evidence of the bank's strength was shown in an offer of $300,000 from New York, which was declined. Individual deposit's subject to check exceed $700,000, and the bank is in a position to meet every possible demand upon its resources. The Tennessee company employs about 1,000 miners here, and the failure to pay last Saturday was explained by inability to prepare the pay rolls owing to a physical accident at the last moment to the company's chief clerk. The suspicion of the men was aroused, however, and the trouble was-charged to the First National bank. which really does nothing more than act as paymaster of the company. The company does not own the bank, nor does the bank own the company. The relation between the two is purely one of convenience. Rumors that have gone about that the Tennessee company has gone into the hands of a receiver are without foundation.


Article from The Times, August 3, 1893

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BUSINESS HOUSES ASSIGN, The Stringency of the Money Market Forces Them to the Wall. CHICAGO, ILL August 2.-Adam Smith & Co., wholesale liquor dealers, assigned this morning. Assets scheduled at $150,000; liabilities, $125,000. CHICAGO, ILL., August 2.-The failure of D. Eggleston & Co. has been announced on the Board of Trade. The failure of George G. Parker and of T. M. Gregg have also been announced. Parker did a large business. Gregg's failure is a small one. CHICAGO, ILL., August 2.-The North American Provision Company assigned this morning to William Schwabacher. The assets are scheduled at $500,000, while the liabilities are not estimated. The failure is one of the results of yesterday's Board of Trade troubles. DENVER COL., August 2.-The Denver Safe Deposit and Trust Company assigned last evening, Assets, $400,000; liabilities, $100,000. Eastern creditors caused the assignment by pushing the concern. WASHINGTON, August 2.-Comptroller of the Currency is informed that the First National Bank, Birmingham, Ala., capital $250,000, and the El Paso National Bank, El Paso, Texas, capital $150,000, closed their doors this morning. These banks carried quite a heavy line of individual deposits. BIRMINGHAM, ALA., August 2.-The First National Bank failed to open its doors this morning. A notice was posted on the outside, saying: "The continual withdrawal of deposits and the inability to collect money fast enough to meet the same, caused the suspension." Its capital is $250,000. Assets, $1,350,000; liabilities, $650,000 All depositors will be paid in full. Inability to realize was the cause. All excitement has been promptly allayed and a slight run on the banks discontinued at noon. NEW YORK, August 2.-Amaza, Lyon & Co., umbrella makers, have gone into receivers' hands. They were formerly rated at $1,000,000; now assets and liabilities estimated about equal at $350,000.


Article from The Morning News, August 3, 1893

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Closes With Assets of Two to One. Birmingham, Ala., Aug. 2.-The First National Bank failed to open its doors this morning. A notice was posted on the outside saying: "Continual withdrawals of deposits and inability to collect money fast enough to meet the same caused the suspension." The bank's capital is $250,000, its assets $1,350,000, and its liabilities $650,000. A run on other banks is threatened. All excitment was promptly allayed, however, and slight run on other banks was discontinued at noon.


Article from The Morning Call, August 3, 1893

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Mr. Carlisle Has Plenty of Gold. THE RESERVE MADE GOOD. There Is a Surplus in the Treasury, and Millions More Are on the Way. Special to THE MORNING CALL WASHINGTON, Aug. 1.-For the first time since April 20 last, when the gold reserve fell below the $1,000,000 mark. the reserve in amounts or is 701,370 the treasury has $791,370 been to-day made free gold. good. This The to gold gold $100,from Europe, Mexico and the West Indies, much of it being gold sent out from the United States during the late spring and early summer months. Information in treasury circles indicates that there is $10,000,000 now on its way from Europe to the United States and most of this, it is expected, will find its way, as usual, into the treasury. While the gold reserve is intact and the free gold is climbing up, the treasury net balance is declining, it is stated to-day the amount being $17,251,000. The receipts, too, for the past two days have been disappointing, business troubles throughout the country having an effect upon the Government revenue. Everything that situation. after can be a done conference Secretary being done in Carlisle New to relieve York to-day. with the eminent financiers, directed acting Secretary Curtis to send the following telegram to the 150 bank depositories throughout United States: Your authorized balance is hereby fixed at par of security. Transfer the excess. whenever practicable, to the nearest subtreasury." "This action of the Treasury Department will release to the banks about $900,000 and is intended, as far as practicable, to relieve the financial stringency prevailing in the country. The circulation statement issued by the Treasury Department to-day shows the amount of gold and silver coin and certificates, United States notes and national bank notes in circulation on August 1 was $1,611,099,117, an increase during the month of July of $17,237,606. The increase during the last twelve months was, in round tigures, $9,000,000. The per capita circulation, based on an estimated population of 67,066,000 on August 1. was $24 02. Three national bank failures were reported to Comptroller Eckels this morning. The E1 Paso National Bank at E! Paso, Tex., capital $150,000; the First National at Birmingham, Ala., capital $250,000; the Waupaya County National Bank of Waupaya, Wis., capital $50,000. The Birmingham and El Paso banks carried quite a heavy line of deposits. Thomas A. Marlow was to-day appointed receiver of the Montana National Bank at Helena. NEW YORK, Aug. 2.-Frederick D. Tappen, president of the Gallatin National Bank and chairman of the Clearing-house loan committee, said to-day that several large national banks were going to buy some of the United States 4 per cent bonds held by the savings banks and take out currency against them. "There was no syndicate nor concerted plan by the Clearing-house banks in the matter," he said. "It was simply individual action between the banks. It was expected the banks buying bonds would get them for a little less than the current market rate, because if the savings banks were compelled to put a large amount of their bonds on the open market the price would certainly be forced down to 104 or 105, and perhaps even less." This afternoon Secretary Carlisle junched with Sub Treasurer Jordan and ex-Secretary Fairchild. Later he visted the sub-treasury and customhouse. He met no bankers and said he had DO opinion to express on the financial situation or the probable action of Congress. He said he, personally, was in favor of allowing the national banks to issue circulation to the par value of the bonds deposited as security. There was no likelihood of any action by Congress on that point at the extra session. however. DENVER, Aug. 2.-T. E. Jeffrey, president of the Rio Grande, was to-day appointed receiver of the Rio Grande Southern. on application of Otto Meyers of the latter. MILWAUKEE, Aug. -An official notice has been issued by the St. Paul Railway ordering a cut of 10 per cent in the wages of all employes of the commercial department whose pay exceeds $50 per month. ELYRIA, Ohio, Aug. 2.-The Lorain Manufacturing Company, the largest brass works in the country. has failed; assets $192,000, liabilities $125,000. CHICAGO. Aug. 2.-Adam Smith & Co., wholesale liquor-dealers, have assigned. Assets $150,000. liabilities $125,000. NEW YORK, Aug. 2.-Sulzbacher, Gitterman & Wade, importers of woolens, made an assignment to-day without preferences. The business is an d-established one, having been founded in 1856. In 1878 they were estimated to be worth $1.000,000, but the business bas fallen off, and lately the capital was estimated at only $230,000. The attorneys estimate that the liabilities are $120,000. with assets nominally the same.


Article from The World, August 3, 1893

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Bank Break at Birmingham. BIRMINGHAM, Ala., Aug. 2.-The First National, the oldest bank in Birmingham, failed to open its doors Wednesday morning. Notice on the door says the continual withdrawal of deposits and inability to collect money fast enough to meet the same, caused the suspension. The capital is $250,000; assets, $1,350,000; liabilities, $650,000. Excitement is high, and runs are threatened on the other banks


Article from Delaware Gazette and State Journal, August 3, 1893

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WILL SHUT DOWN FOR A MONTH. METHUEN, MASS.. Aug. 2.-The Methuen Cotton Mills will suspend operations on Saturday for one month. Three hundred operatives will be out of employment and will suffer a loss of $12,000, the amount of the monthly pay roll. The shut-down is ascribed to the financial stringency. The Knitted Fabrics Company, employing 50 hands, have also issued notices that the works will close on Saturday for a month. RESUMED FOR FOUR DAYS A WEEK. BRIDGEPORT, CONN., Aug. 2.-Holmes & Edwards' silver factory resumed work, yesterday, after being closed several weeks. They will run four days a week and employ 600 hands. A RALLY ON CHICAGO 'CHANGE. CHICAGO, ILL., Aug. 2.-Recovery seemed to be the watchword on 'change to-day at the start. Wheat, which closed yesterday at 58fc. for September, opened this morning 2fc. higher, at 60c., with some sales at 60ยขc., an advance over 3c. a bushel. Pork unchanged at $12, September. Wheat soon after the opening, however, sold off to 594, and pork to $11.25. MORE CHICAGO FAILURES. The failures of George G. Parker and M. Gregg have been announced on the board. Parker did a large business. Gregg's failure is a small one. The North American Provision Company assigned this morning. Assets are scheduled at $500,000, but the liabilities are not estimated. The failure is the result of yesterday's Board of Trade troubles. Adam Smith & Company, wholessle liquor dealers, assigned this morning. The assets are scheduled at $150,000, and the liabilities at $125,000. A FAILURE IN BIRMINGHAM. BIRMINGHAM, ALA., Aug. 2.-The First National Bank failed to open its doors this morning. The capital is $250 000: asseta $1,850.000 liabilities.


Article from The Salt Lake Herald, August 3, 1893

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TELEGRAPHIC PREVITIES. Thomas A. Marlow has been appointed receiver for the Montana National bank Helena. A Buenos Ayres telegram says the govrnment of Santa Fe has surrendered to he Radicals. The tin plate factory at Atlanta, Ind., as gone into the hands of & receiver. No details obtainable. At Birmingham, Ala., the First National bank did not open yesterday. Inability to realize was the cause. W. Frese & Co., general importers, of San Francisco, have failed. Liabilities, $150,000; assets, $100,000. It was announced in the house of commons yesterday afternoon that the French blockade of Bangkok had been raised. Adam Smith & Co., of Chicago, wholesale liquor dealers, have assigned. Assets, $150,000; liabilities, $125,000. The Hungarian wheat crop is expected to be & million hundredweight above estimates. The quality is excellent. At Elyria, 0., the Lorain Manufacturing company, the largest brass works in the country, has failed. Assets, $192,000; liabilities, $100,000. At Hillsboro, Tex., in a fire in a house of ill fame yesterday, one woman was burned to death, two fatally injured and five others seriously burned. T. E. Jeffory, president of the Rio Grande, has been appointed receiver of the Rio Grande Southern, on application of Otto Mears of the latter road. Lee Kwong Kee & Co. of Chicago are in trouble with the treasury department for selling and delivering at once goods in bond in their World's fair exhibits. A. Lyon & Co., manufacturers of umbrellas, New York, has gone into the hands of a receiver, with liabilities of $121,000. The company has a capital stock of $200,000. Bishop Mullin of the Erie, Pa., Roman Catholic diocese, celebrated the twentyflith anniversary of his elevation to the Episcopacy yesterday. Cardinal Gibbons preached the sermon. At Woonsocket, R. I., Plants Valley Falls company, making cotton dress goods, and their factory at Valley Falls, running 2,000 looms and employing 750 hands, has shut down indefinitely. Official notice has been issued by the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul railway, ordering a cut of ten per cent in wages of all employes in the commercial department, whose pay exceeds $50 per month. Idaho postmasters were appointed yesterday as follows: A. Stalwaker at Cedarville vice Patterson resigned. P. H. Smith at Avon vice Simmons removed.


Article from Richmond Dispatch, August 4, 1893

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Telegraphic Tieks. The Savings Bank of Anthony, Kan., failed Wednesday. The mills of the Bibb Manufacturing Company, Macon, Ga., closed down yesterday. The Commercial Bank of Stevens Point, Wis., failed to open yesterday. Assets, $200,000; liabilities. $100,000. A dispatch from Buenos Ayres says that the Vice-Governor of Santa Fe, Argentina, was killed by the rebels Wednesday. Milton Wall, a nogro, was arrested Wednesday night for robbing registered-letter pouches, at Livingston, Mont., of large sums of money. John 8. Payne, of Tennessee, a retired army officer has been appointed & member of the Board of Pension Appeals in the Interior Department, Washington. The noted Atlanta case of Porter Stocks. convicted of the murder of Alpheus Cassin, came to an end yesterday, when Stocks was sentenced to five years in the penitentiary. A fire yesterday morning in Cart's warehouses, Brewton, Ala., destroyed six stores and nearly all their contents Total loss about $11.000; insurance about $4,000. During the past two weeks there has been 8 departure of Austrians and Italians from Pueblo, Col, for their native land which has almost reached the extent of a stampede. The Union Stock-Yards, at Yodo, Cal., suepended operations yesterday, the cause of the suspension being the inability of the packers to continue under existing financial conditions. The private bank owned by Lazarus Silverman, Chicago, suspended yesterday morning, a notice declaring that the difficulty is temporary being posted on the doors of the institution. The plan for the resumption of business by the First National Bank of Birmingbam, Ala., has been approved by the Binalngham clearing-house and cheerfully endorsed by the dopositors. The Georgia railroad has readered free passes to delegates to the Georgia State Agricultural Association, which meets at Stone Mountain Wednesday, August 9th, and all other Georgia roads have already done the same thing. William Coleman. a depositor in the sun pended People's savings Bauk, of Deaver, Col, has began sult against the bank. its officers, shareholders, and directors to recover 88,000 which be had un deposit in that institution. and be asks for an execution against the bodies of


Article from The Sun, August 4, 1893

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NEW BANK TROUBLES, Financial Institutions Unable to Bear the Pressure Longer. HELENA, Mont., Aug. 3.-H. A. Marlow has been named by the Comptroller as receiver for the Montana Ntaional Bank, which closed last week. It is believed the bank will pay all depositors in full. DENVER. Aug. 3.--F. W. Popple was yesterday appointed receiver for the Hamilton Loan and Trust Company of this city on the application of Samuel E. Belcher and others, the defendant consenting to the suit. The company was organized under the laws of Nebraska, and has done a large amount of business in that State. Colorado, and Kansas. MILWAUKE, Aug. 3.-Bank Examiner Lynch has finished his examination of the books of the Milwaukee National Bank of Wisconsin, and has forwarded his report to the Comptroller of the Currency. He says the bank is solvent. Mr. Lynch will remain in charge of the bank until it resumes or until it is put into the hands of a receiver for the winding up of its affairs. WASHINGTON, D. C., Aug. 3.-Comptroller Eckels to-day appointed Edward Hawkins of Indianapolis. ex-United States Marshal for Indiana. receiver of the Indianapolis National Bank. which closed its doors to business on July 25. Comptroller Eckels has directed Bank Examiner Carskadon to take charge of the failed First National Bank of Birmingham. Ala. Examiner Rushing. of the failed El Paso, Tex., National Bank. and Examiner Thom of the failed Wamaca. Wis., County National Bank. DENVER. Aug. 3.-William Coleman. a depositor in the suspended People's Savings Bank. has begun suit against the bank. its officers. shareholders. and directors to recover $2,000. which he had on deposit. He also asks for an execution against the bodies of the defendnnts. and that they be placed in jail until judgment shall be obtained and satisfied. Charges of fraud and conspiracy are made against the bank authorities. President Lawrence of the suspended bank is now in New York endeavoring to raise money with which to reopen the institution. STEVENS POINT. Wis., Aug. 3.-After standing an almost continuous run since June 25, during which more than $120.000 was paid out to depositors and certificate holders, the Commercial Bank of Stevens Point closed its doors this morning. The assets are more than $200,000 and the liabilities are less than $100,000. ANTHONY. Kan., Aug. 3.-The Savings Bank of Anthony failed vesterday. The County Treasurer had $14,875 on deposit. LINCOLN. Neb., Aug. 3.-Receiver Hayden of the Capital National Bank has given verbal notice to State Treasurer Bartley that the claims of the State for the amount of its de-


Article from The Kimball Graphic, August 5, 1893

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Bank Failure at Birmingham. BIRMINGHAM, Ala., Aug. 3.-The First National bank failed to open its oors Wed nesday morning. A notice was posted on the outsido saying: "Continual withdrawals of deposits and inability to collect money fast enough to meet the same caused the suspension." The capital is $250,000; assets, $1,350,000; liabilities, $650,000. A run on other banks is threatened.


Article from The Star, August 9, 1893

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Financial and Commercial. The Seven Corners bank at St. Louis, Mo., has assigned. Business at all the New York savings banks was going on as usual Thursday. The excitement is all over. Depositors evidently feel assured tnat their money is perfectly safe. At Naima, Idaho, the First National Bank has failed. The El Paso, Texas, National Bank has suspended. The First National Bank of Birmingham. Ala., has closed. The Waupaca County National Bank of Waupaca, Wis., has closed its doors, During the past three months $3,800,000 worth of fine gold has been received by the Bank of California as the product of California's gold mines and smelters. The decrease of the earnings of the Western railroads for July, as compared with the June earnings, is estimated at $500,000.


Article from The Western Sentinel, August 10, 1893

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The Birmingham Bank Will Resume. BIRMINGHAM, Ala., August .-The plan for the resumption of the busi ness of the First National bank has been approved by the clearing house and cheerfully endorsed by depositors. Confidence is generally maintained A and the situation is tranquill. fortnight will probably see the First National resume. Holders of about $300,000 of claims have signed the agreement allowing the bank to resume. It is believed that all depositors will sign it. The small runs on the other banks did not effect anything.


Article from Evening Star, August 28, 1893

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CONTROLLER ECKELS BUSY. Many Suspended Banks Want to Resume Business. The controller of the currency was a busy man today. President Laws of the People's National Bank of Denver, Col., which recently resumed, applied, on behalf of that bank, for authority to absorb the assets of the People's Savings Bank of that city. The controller reserved his decision. Prestdent Dow of the Commercial National Bank of Denver, and President Walters of the First National Bank of Birmingham, Ala., applied to the controller today for authority to reopen those banks. The controller has authorized the City National Bank and the Merchants' National Bank of Louisville, Ky., to resume business September 1. The only bad news received by the controller today was the suspension of the First National Bank of York, Neb.


Article from Evening Star, October 9, 1893

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A Bank Reopens. The First National Bank of Birmingham, Ala., which suspended payment August 2, 1893, having fully complied with the conditions imposed by the controller of the currency and its capital stock being unimpaired, has been permitted to reopen its doors for business.


Article from The Morning News, October 10, 1893

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A Bank to Resume Business. Washington, Oct. 9.-The First National Bank of Birmingham, Ala., which suspended on Aug. 2, has been permitted to reopen for business.


Article from Pine Bluff Daily Graphic, October 13, 1893

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Bank Resumed. BIRMINGHAM, Ala., Oct. 13.-The First National bank of Birmingham, Ala., which suspended Aug. 2 has resume 1. N. E. Barker of Chattanooga is the new president.


Article from The Middleburgh Post, October 19, 1893

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Financial and Commercial. The First National Bank, of Birmingham, Ala., which suspended payment August 2, 1893, has been permitted to open its doors for business. The People's National Bank and the Citizens National Bank of Pulaski. Tenn., resumed full payment of depositors. The Commercial Bank and Trust Company of Pulaski has also resumed full payment. Wilbur, Jackson & Co., and Sheldon & Binney, banking firms of Providence, R. I., suspended. The failures were caused by the depreciation in the stock of the Denver Street Railway Company for which both banks are heavy endorsers.