23081. Bank of Morgantown (Morgantown, WV)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run → Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
state
Start Date
March 1, 1931*
Location
Morgantown, West Virginia (39.630, -79.956)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
301a666e

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Borrowed from banks or large institutions, Public signal of financial health, Capital injected, Full suspension

Other: Depositors signed a 'mutually protective' agreement pledging deposits for 12 months to stabilize the bank.

Description

Newspaper items indicate an unjustified run on the Bank of Morgantown (reported at a bankers' conference in March 1931) that was successfully handled by calls to its correspondent and arrival of armored truck cash. Later (Sept 29, 1931) the bank closed (suspended) and then reopened Nov 5, 1931 with nearly all deposits pledged to a mutual protective agreement for 12 months. Sequence indicates a run leading to suspension and subsequent reopening.

Events (3)

1. March 1, 1931* Run
Cause
Rumor Or Misinformation
Cause Details
Described as an unjustified run that was calmed by bringing in correspondent funds and an armored truck; no bank-specific insolvency alleged.
Measures
Call to Pittsburgh correspondent; arrival of an armored truck with additional cash; business and civic leaders reassured depositors.
Newspaper Excerpt
Mr. Richards outlined similar situation. When run started on his bank call was sent to its Pittsburgh correspondent. An armored truck quickly arrived additional cash... had great psychological effect in quieting the depositors.
Source
newspapers
2. September 29, 1931 Suspension
Cause
Rumor Or Misinformation
Cause Details
Bank closed (suspended) after recent deposit unrest; contextual material links closures to runs and withdrawals though article does not detail specific insolvency.
Newspaper Excerpt
The Bank of Morgantown closed September 29
Source
newspapers
3. November 5, 1931 Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
reopened today with nearly all of $1,400,000 on deposit when it closed, pledged to a mutually protective agreement which guarantees the bank against withdrawals for twelve months ... Less than $40,000 of the deposits was not pledged to the agreement.. D. R. Richards, vice president and cashier of the bank, said new deposits before noon today totaled $100,000.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (2)

Article from Brooklyn Eagle, March 20, 1931

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Article Text

News of Bankers and Banks Executives Tell Conference How Runs on Two Banks Were Successfully Handled How unjustified runs their banks were successfully handled described before eastern regional savings conference today Lucius H. Holt, vice chairman the board of City Bank & Trust of Hartford, Conn., Richards, vice the Bank of Morgantown, W. Va. The conference, concluded this afternoon, at the Commodore, Manhattan, the pices of the savings bank division, Mr. Holt stated that when the run started call was the New York and Boston. Large of cash rushed the trucks and the was piled in the This, said. reassuring effect. Meanwhile, he explained, business and civic leaders went to the bank talked the aiding in restoring their confidence. As result, he stated, the run was soon Mr. Richards outlined similar situation. When run started on his bank call was sent to its Pittsburgh pondent. An armored truck quickly arrived additional cash. the first appearance an armored truck in the event. said, had great psychological effect in quieting the depositors. Personal Loans The small personal loan department bank was given thorough safety of this form extending credit was clearly established, Warren Shepard, vice president of the Worcester Bank Trust Company, told the conference. There was terial increase the such loans made at his bank the of 1930 neither was increase in the number of delinquent he said. In fact, he the 15 days or more was 20 cent with the prosperous year of Stephenson Speaks The danger of transformation in national character the people country away from dent individualism that has been nation's proud birthright toward typical European personal dependency' on governhas long the social of the in the Old World nations' was before the conference, Rome president the American Bankers Association. Mr. Stephenson denounced "political opportunism that has sought "to various doles upon the Treasury through agricultural and unemployment relief bonus legislation. He unemployment insurance as "merely under which an industrial dole fund is to be set up by industry.


Article from The Slater News, November 10, 1931

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Article Text

An Open Letter The men who are interested in the consolidation of the banks of Slater feel that the matter in this letter is timely and of interest to the people of Slater and the community. The contents give a true picture of conditions that have obtained in other communities and of their solution, all applicable to this community. This paragraph is taken from the current issue of The Saturday Evening Post: ARE YOU AFRAID OF YOUR BANK? Many of you have been, and a pretty mess you have made of it by your senseless runs on sound and solvent institutions. For a majority of the banks that you have closed were just that. In pulling down your deposits you have pulled down the pillars of your bank and sent it crashing down on your own heads. You have injured yourselves, your merchants and your neighborhood. For with the local bank closed, you are without any place to keep your money that is safer than a stocking or a mattress, your merchants are cramped for credit, and you have lost a place from which to borrow for business purposes and neighborhood improvements. A run usually begins with timid souls silently sneaking their deposits out of a bank, bragging about their cleverness and whispering about the bank; then the mob and the deluge. But it would be perfectly simple, as soon as the first rumors began to circulate, for a number of responsible depositors to meet together, to go to headquarters for the facts, and SO to be in a position to stand behind the bank and to reassure all comers. Mobs are the outcome of ignorance and fear. They can almost invariably be dispersed with facts and courage. But bankers in blaming the hoarders must remember that they themselves have not been blameless. The way to engender confidence is to take people into your confidence. One cannot demand confidence, one must give sound reasoning for deserving it. This is an account of the reopening of the Citizens Bank of Atchinson county at Rock Port: Rock Port, Mo., Oct. 31.-The Citizens Bank of- Atchison County, which doors here September 26, by order of the board of directors, re-opened today. The bank was filled with well wishers throughout the day. The reopening of this institution, which has served Atchison County's finacial needs more than forty years, is a personal tribute to Joseph Durfee, president of the bank. The day the bank closed a depositors' committee took matters into its hands looking towards its reopening. This committee learned from the state finance department representative, R. E. Shelby, the requirements necessary to re-establish the bank and immediately went into action. The state department asked that $75,000 be subscribed to eliminate slow and doubtful paper from the bank's files. Within ten days after the bank closed this amount had been subscribed, not as new capital or for the purpose of stock in a reorganized bank, but largely in the nature of contributions to strengthen the bank's position. This money was subscribed with the distinct understanding that it would be paid only with the agreement that Mr. Durfee and his associated officers and directors were to continue in charge of the bank when it again opened. The doubtful notes have become the property of subscribers to the fund, in addition to the $75,000 subscription. Depositors carrying more than $100 balance at the time the bank suspended operations have signed agreements they will allow two-thirds of these deposits to remain with the bank for a specified time. No opposition was experienced in securing signatures to this agreement. The bank reopened with its old corps of officers, directors and employees. Josepn Durfee is president; W. A. Rupe, vice-president; John T. Wells, cashier; James F. Gore, Jr., assistant cashier, and Eilert G. Cooper, W. C. Scamman and Carl Hunter on the board of directors. In addition to the active officers the other employees are Herbert Spurlock, Gordon Clifton and Miss Gladys Cooper, all of whom were on the working force when the bank closed its doors. The revival of the Citizens Bank thru the efforts of its friends is a demonstration of faith in Mr. Durfee's integrity. Here is the account of the re-opening of a bank at Morgantown, W. Va., which closed September 29. Morgantown, W. Va., Nov. 5.-The Bank of Morgantown closed September 29, reopened today with nearly all of $1,400,000 on deposit when it closed, pledged to a "mutually protective" agreement which guarantees the bank against withdrawals for twelve months and for an additional months at its option. Less than $40,000 of the deposits was not pledged to the agreement.. D. R. Richards, vice president and cashier of the bank, said new deposits before noon today totaled $100,000. New deposits will be kept wholly liquid, he said, and may be withdrawn without restrictions. These articles are quoted that you may see what other sections have done to restore confidence, and done without loss to the individual or to the community. The Committee