21667. Farmers Bank (Norfolk, VA)

Bank Information

Episode Type: Run → Suspension → Closure
Bank Type: state
Start Date: May 16, 1884
Location: Norfolk, Virginia (36.847, -76.285)

Metadata

Model: gpt-5-mini
Short Digest: 62702c99

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Borrowed from banks or large institutions, Full suspension

Other: Assignment to trustee (Walter F. Irvine) — effectively a closure/receivership.

Description

Small run occurred May 16, 1884 after the failure of H. C. Hardy & Sons created uneasiness; bank paid small depositors and continued. On April 9, 1885 the bank posted a notice and made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine (trustee/receiver) for benefit of creditors — permanent suspension/closure. Cause of 1885 closure linked to recent local banking failures (Exchange National Bank suspension, Bain Bros. overdrafts) and heavy country drafts. OCR typos in some articles (Hardy spelled Herdy/Hart etc.); corrected to H. C. Hardy & Son(s).

Events (3)

1. May 16, 1884 Run

Cause: Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details: Uneasiness among depositors caused by the failure of H. C. Hardy & Sons (New York) and the fact that the bank's president was a son of H. C. Hardy.
Measures: Small depositors were promptly paid; bank conducted business as usual and officers asserted bank was unaffected.
Newspaper Excerpt: The failure of H. C. Hardy & Sons, of New York, created some uneasiness among the depositors of the Farmers' Bank ... and a slight run was begun by small depositors, who were promptly paid.
Source: newspapers

2. April 9, 1885 Other

Newspaper Excerpt: An assignment of all property of the bank is made in the interest of its creditors; all of yesterday's deposits will be returned. Notice posted assigning to Walter F. Irvine, trustee, for the benefit of its creditors; trustee/receiver arrangements mentioned in several reports.
Source: newspapers

3. April 9, 1885 Suspension

Cause: Local Banks
Cause Details: Serious effect from prior failures/suspension in Norfolk region (Exchange National Bank suspended a week earlier, Bain & Bros. failure/overdrafts) and large drafts from country depositors precipitated the assignment/suspension.
Newspaper Excerpt: The Farmers' Bank of this city did not open at the usual hour this morning. A notice was posted on the door stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine, for the benefit of its creditors.
Source: newspapers

Newspaper Articles (20)

1. May 17, 1884 Savannah Morning News Savannah, GA

Article from Savannah Morning News, May 17, 1884

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A Failure and a Run at Norfolk. NORFOLK, VA., May 16.-Henderson, Hood & Co., merchandise brokers and grain dealers, made an assignment to-day. Their liabilities are $30,000 and the assets nominal. The failure of H. C. Hardy & Sons, of New York, created some uneasiness among the depositors of the Farmers' Bank, of this city, the President of which is a son of H. C. Hardy, and a slight run was begun by small depositors, who were promptly paid. The bank conducted business as usual, and its officers assert that the bank is in no wise affected by the New York failure. At the close of business confidence seemed restored.

2. May 17, 1884 The Daily Dispatch Richmond, VA

Article from The Daily Dispatch, May 17, 1884

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Failure in Norfolk. NORFOLK. Va., May 16.-Henderson, Hood & Co., merchandise brokers and grain dealers, made an assignment to-day. Liabilities, $30,000; assets, nominal. The failure of H. C. Hardy & Sons, of New York, created some uneasiness among the depositors of the Farmers' Bank of this city, the president of which is a son of H. C. Hardy, and a slight run was begun by small depositors, who were promptly paid. The bank conducted business as usual, and its officers assert the bank is in no wise affected by the New York failure. At the close of business contidence seemed entirely restored.

3. May 23, 1884 Burlington Weekly Free Press Burlington, VT

Article from Burlington Weekly Free Press, May 23, 1884

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the Germania and a large crowd of wome were there waiting their turn. The tell was paying nothing but gold. "We pt them all in gold. said an officer of t bank. "but they will be bringing it back in few days." It seems to be the general impression Wall street circles that all danger of a CO tinuance of the disturbance of the past fe davs is over. Cvrus W. Field in an intervie to day said. "Prices are now 80 low that further decline ought to happen in anv real good stock, and the country has every rease to expect a prospercus year. I see no rease why there should not be a great business I vival during the coming season." H. C. Hardy said, "I have always ke my flug flying, and will to day. The prese condition of the market for all classes securities rendered it practically impossib to continue business but I think the terrib strain is over. Our assets will certain equal our liabilities." Hardy & Sons' li bilities are said to be $800,000. Direct Gierck of the Marine bank said he had be assured by Examiner Scriba that all tl depositors would be paid in full. The Stock Exchange governing committ this afternoon decided to elect a new pres dent in place of A. S. Hatch on Monda Russell Sage is reported 88 saying that had up to the present time settled more the three quarters of his puts and that he wou continue to settle them as fast as possibl Donnell, Lawson & Simpson have issued notice to their creditors asking that indu gence and consideration be extended the that their assets may not be sacrificed. The announce an assignment to their confider tial clerk, R. H. Weems, who has been with the firm, 2,years and is thoroughly acquain ed with their business. They hope to pay E their liabilites if the business IS prudent managed. The representatives of Fisk & Hatch th afternoon denied that there had been ar irregularities in the business transactions the firm. They said there had been no b pothecations of securities nor anything in 1) transactions of the firm which would n bear the closest scrutiny. The officers of tl Bankers and Merchants telegraph C ompar deny that the failure of Dimock stoppe work in extending its lines. John C. Eno's Method of Getting Money from the Hank. NEW YORK, May 18.-Themethod pursue by John C. Eno, ex-president of the Secon National bank, in getting money from tl bankissand to be founded on the fact that tl bank bad a vault in a down town safe depo itory, for the safe keeping of its securitie of which Eno had the key. Eno would st. down town nearly all day and, when would lose $100,000, $200,000 or $300.00 as the case might be he would givea che for the amount on the bank. When returned to the bank he would wri his name upon a slip of pap and hand it to the cashier at say he had made a loan f the amount and to the person indicated ( good securities, which he had examined at deposite a in the bank's compartment in t) safe deposit. He generally would enumera the securities upon the slips of paper. that way he lead the cashier, whose integrit is unquestioned, to believe the money be all gone out on loans in the regular course business. The Newark Savings Bank and Fisk Hatch. NEWARK, N. J., May 18.-It is stated th negotistions are on foot, with strong promi of success, for the settlement of all matte in the difference between Fisk & Hatch a the Newark savings institution If the negotiations can be carried through the fir will shortly resume The basis of the neg tia ions is the securing the entire claim he baok. If this can be done the deposito must receive payment in full. The Financial situation at Oth Points. NORF Va., May 16. - Henderso Hood & Co., brokers and grain dealers. signed to-day with liabilities of $30.00 The failure of H. C. Hardy & Sons, creat some uneasiness among the depositors of 1 Farmers bank of this city, the president which is the son of H C. Hardy. A slig run began by depositors who were promp paid. At the close of business confider cemed entirely restored. BOSTON, May 16.-Up to a few minu before the failure, it is announced, that F. Hanley & Co. received deposits of one e tomers and at their request put up $10 more as margin on the securities they w carrying for him within half an hour bef they stopped payment. He just reached office after making the deposit when announcent of their failure reached him. ATLANTA, Ga., May 16.-John H. Jam a banker of this town. has suspended. 'I associated banks offered aid but It was clined because he wished to realize on real estate. His assets are said to be amp WASHINGTON, May 16.-Senator Sherm says we are nowhere near a general par It will be only local and healthy in its effe NEWARK, N.J., May 16.-The feeli against Daniel Dodd. the president of suspended bank, is bitter and excited tall heard. Dodd cannot be found to night , it is said he has gone to Perth Amboy T authorities have as yet taken no action ward his arrest. Receiver Wilkinson making an examination of the ban accounts and says he expects to make

4. April 9, 1885 Evening Star Washington, DC

Article from Evening Star, April 9, 1885

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Another Bank Failure in Norfolk. NORFOLK, VA., April 9.-The Farmers' bank of this city did not open at the usual hour this morning. A notice was posted on the door stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine, for the benefit of its creditors. The bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. C. Hart & Son, No. 10 Wall street, New York, but was enabled to tide over that emergency by assistance from the Exchange National bank of this city, which suspended a week ago. The condition of the bank's affairs will not be ascertained until later in the day.

5. April 9, 1885 Alexandria Gazette Alexandria, VA

Article from Alexandria Gazette, April 9, 1885

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Another Norfolk Bank Closed. NORFOLK, Va., April 9.-The Farmers' Bank of this city did not open at the usual hour this morning. A notice was posted on the doors stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine for the benefit of its creditors. The bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. C. Herdy & Son, of No. 10 Wall street, New York, but was enabled to tide over thatemergency by assistance from the Exchange National Bank of this city, which suspended a week ago. The condition of the bank's affairs will not be ascertained until later in the day. The officers of the bank state that the bank having suffered by the recent financial disasters, and deeming it best for the interest of all conceroed to suspend, made an assignment to-day to Walter F. Irvine, trustee, for the benefit of its creditors.

6. April 10, 1885 The Indianapolis Journal Indianapolis, IN

Article from The Indianapolis Journal, April 10, 1885

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Another Bank Failure at Norfolk, Va. NORFOLK, Va., April 9.-The - Farmers' Bank of this city did not open at the usual hour this morning. A notice was posted on the door stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine, for the benefit of its creditors. The bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. C. Hardy & Co., of New York, but was enabled to tide over (the emergency by assistance from the Exchange National Bank of this city, which suspended a week ago. The last statement issued by the bank showed its paidup capital to be $50,000 and its surplus $40,000. Cald well Hardy is president of the bank. The liabilities of the bank are almost a quarter of a million, the assets are not stated. The cashier says he expects to pay in full. An assignment of all property of the bank is made in the interest of its creditors. All of yesterday's deposits will be returned.

7. April 10, 1885 The Portland Daily Press Portland, ME

Article from The Portland Daily Press, April 10, 1885

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FINANCIAL. A Heavy Bank Failure in Norfolk, VaGreat Excitement Occasioned. NORFOLK, Va., April 9.-The Farmers' Bank of this city did not open at the usual hour this morning. A notice was posted on the doors, stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine, for the benefit of its creditors. The bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. C. Hardy & Son, of No. 10 Wall street, New York, but was enabled to tide over that emergency by assistance from the Exchange National Bank of this city, which suspended a week ago. The last statement issued by the bank showed its paid up capital to be $50,000, and its surplus $40,000. Caldwell Hardy is president of the bank.

8. April 10, 1885 Wheeling Register Wheeling, WV

Article from Wheeling Register, April 10, 1885

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ANOTHER NORFOLK BANK FAILS. 1 The Farmers', of Norfolk. Va., Closes Its Doors Yesterday. NORFOLK, VA., April 9.-The Farmers' Bank, of this city, did not open at the usual hour this morning. A notice was posted on the doors stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine for the benefit of its creditors. The bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. C. Hardy & Son, of No. 10 Wall street, New York, but was enabled to tide over that emergency by assistance from the Exchange National Bank, of this city, which suspended a week ago. The condition of the bank's affairs will not be ascertained until later in the day. The last statement issued by the bank showed its paid up capital to be $50,000 and its surplus $40,000. Caldwell Hardy is President of the bank.

9. April 10, 1885 The Rock Island Argus Rock Island, IL

Article from The Rock Island Argus, April 10, 1885

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Another Virginia Bank Gone. NORFOLK, Va., April 10.-The Farmers' bank, of this city did not open at the usual hour Thursday morning. A notice was posted on the doors stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine for the benefit of its creditors. The bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. C. Hardy & Son, of 10 Wall street, New York, but was enabled to tide over that emergency by assistance from the Exchange National bank, of this city, which suspended a week ago. The last statement issued by the bank showed its paid-up capital to be $50,000 and its surplus $40,000. Caldwell Hardy is president of the bank.

10. April 10, 1885 Savannah Morning News Savannah, GA

Article from Savannah Morning News, April 10, 1885

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CLOSING OF ANOTHER BANK. The-Farmers.rf Notclk Falls from It. Staky Position. NORFOLK, VA, April 9.-The Farmers' Bark, of this city, did not ope. at the usual hou this mornir g. is notice was posteu or the doors stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Ii me for the benefit of its creditors. The "ank WAS seriousl" affected last pring+ y the failure of E. C, - rdy & Sor of No. 10 Wall street, New York, but was enabl x1 to tide ever that emergency by assistance om the Exchange Nation 1 Bank of the ci.y, which suspended a week ago. The officers of the bank made the following statement: The Farmers' Bank having suffered by recent financial disasters and deeming it best for the interest of all or neerned to suspend, has made in Assignment to Walter F. Irvine, trustee, for the benefit of its creditors, as follows: 1. Expenses attending the making of the deed, etc. 2. All depositors whose credit balances on the evening of April 8 exceeded their balance at the close of business on April 1 to the amount of such excess provided such depositors be not indebted to the bank. 3. Certified checks and drafts on correspondents now outstanding, excepting such certified checks as may be beld by the Exchange National Bank, of this city, which said bank is indebted to the Farmers' Bank in a sum largely in excess of such certified checks. 4. Depositors ratably. The feeling in this city, Portsmouth, and the entire section tributary is one of deep depression. The suspension of the Exchange National Bank, the largest in the State, and the failure of Bain & Bro., bankers of Portsmouth, was the greatest financial shock Norfolk has ever received. Business is panicky. Bank officers are disposed to take a gloomy view of the situation, and are straining every nerve to restore quiet and confidence. Runs are impossible, as the banks areonly paying checks of $50 except for imperative business purposes. John B. Whitehead, President of the Exchange National Bank, of Norfolk, Va., which failed about a week ago, has made an individual asssignment. A RECEIVER APPOINTED. ASHINGTON, April 9.-The Comptroller of the Curreney to-day appointed William H. Peters to be receiver for the Exchange National Bank of Norfolk, and T. F. Garnett, Jr., to be Attorney for the receiver. Both appointees are residents of Nortolk. FAILURE OF A STATIONER. NEW ORLEANS, April 9.-John W. Madden, a stationer, to-day filed an assignment in behalf of his creditors, making a surrender of bis property. His as. sets are $16,920 and his liabilities $15,610.

11. April 10, 1885 New-York Tribune New York, NY

Article from New-York Tribune, April 10, 1885

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FAILURE OF A NORFOLK BANK. NORFOLK, Va., April 9.-The Farmers' Bank of this city did not open at the usual hour this morning. A notice was posted on the doors stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter J. Irvine, for the benefit of its creditors. The bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. C. Hardy & Son, of No. 10 Wall-st-, New-York, but was enable to tide over that emergency by assistance from the Exchange National Bank of this city, which suspended a week ago. The last statement issued by the bank showed its paid up capital to be $50,000, and its surplus $40,000. Caldwell Hardy is its president. The feeling in this city, Portsmouth and the entire section tributary is one of deep depres. sion. The suspension of the Exchange National Bank, the largest institution of its kind in the State, and the failure of Bain & Brother, bankers, of Portsmouth, was the greatest financial shock Norfolk has ever received. Business is panicky. Suit was begun to-day by the State against the Eschange National Bank of Norfolk for $300,000, the amount deposised in it at the time of its failure. This bank also owes the State taxes for ton years.

12. April 10, 1885 The Waco Daily Examiner Waco, TX

Article from The Waco Daily Examiner, April 10, 1885

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Another Virginia Bank suspends. Norfolk, April 9.-The farmers' bank of this city did not open at the usual hour this morning and a notice was posted on the doors stating that the bank had made an assignment for the benefit of its creditors. This bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. C. Hardy & Son, of No. 10 Wall street, New York, but was enabled to tide over that emergency by assistance from the Exchange National bank, of this city, which suspended a week ago.

13. April 10, 1885 Richmond Dispatch Richmond, VA

Article from Richmond Dispatch, April 10, 1885

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MORE TROUBLE IN NORFOLK. THE FARMERS BANK CLOSES. The Immediate Will Pay Dellar for Dellar Exchange-Bank Matters - The Other Banks. [Correspondence of the Richmond Dispatch.] NORFOLK, va., April 9. 1885. The suspension of the Farmers Bank has caused another black Thursday, though there is little excitement and no runs on other banks. The Farmers Bank is owned by the Hardys, an old family of this city. The officers are as follows: C. Hardy, president; B. A. Marsden, cashier; Horace Hardy, assistant cashier H. C. Hardy (New York), C. Hardy, F. Hardy, B. A. Marsden, and Horace Hardy, directors. Last fall, when H. C. Hardy & Sons, of New York, failed, a run was made on the Farmers Bank, but by means of help received from the Exchange Bank the officers were able to meet all demands and pulled through all right. Some fears were entertained that they would go under on Thursday last when the Exchange closed itsdoors, as the Hardys had deposits in that bank but the directors reported to the clearing-house that the bank was all right and confidence was restored. They went on very well until yesterday, but the drafts from their country depositors came in on them to such a large extent that they decided it best to close their doors, and this morning the following notice was posted on the door: "In the interest of its depositors this bank is closed. An assignment is made to Walter F. Irvine, trustee, to whom all claims must be presented, and with whom the settlement of debts due the bank must be made. Deposits made (by persons not indebted to the bank) yesterday will be returned. April 9. 1885.' About 11 o'clock the deed was recorded in the clerk's office, and the terms of the conveyance are as follows 1st. expenses of the deed: 2d, all depositors who have deposited since April 1st, then all other depositors and all certified checks and all drafts on correspondents; 3d. all other creditors. The assets of the bank are between $200,000 and $300,000; liabilities unknown at present, but the officers are at work and will prepare a statement soon. Mr. Irvine, trustee, assures the depositors that the bank will pay dollar for dollar, and since this announcement was made the feeling is much better. The other banks are protecting themselves against runs by sheltering themselves behind the sixty-day privilege for all checks in excess of $50. There is no disputing the fact that the effect is still further to depress business, and the outlook is gloomy in the extreme. A meeting of the depositors of the Exchange Bank was held to-day at 1 o'clock to hear the report of the committee appointed to wait on Messrs. Whitehead and Bain, late president and cashier, respectively, of that institution. The substance of this communication was published in your paper of yesterday. Mr. Whitehead says he was a depositor in the bank to the amount of $60,000 (as a fiduciary), and that the true condition of the affairs of the bank was as much of a surprise to him as to the general public. Indeed, Mr. Whitehead was first advised of the large overdraft of Bain & Brother by Mr. Orson Adams, the bank examiner, and when Mr. Bain confirmed Mr. Adams's statement Mr. Whitehead came near fainting in his chair. He took his bed soon after the bank closed. The meeting to-day heard the report of the committee appointed to visit Mr. Whitehead, and also the report of the committee who had visited Washington. This committee reported that they had seen the Comptroller and recommended Messrs. W. H. Peters and Theodore S. Garnett as receivers. The Comptroller said the law allowed him to appoint one receiver only. He did not intimate whom he would appoint, but wished first to confer with Mr. J. C. Brown, the bank examiner. The report was received with thanks. Mr. Brown will leave to-day for Washington, and a committee was appointed to wait on him and urge the appointment of Mr. Peters as receiver. THE SITUATION SUMMED UP. The situation may be summed up as follows The Farmers Bank suspended with assets of $250,000 (about), but the officers claim that they will pay dollar for dollar. The Bank had heavy losses in the Exchange Bank, and suspension wasnot unexpected. The officers acted in a most honorable manner. They could easily have secured money with which to continue, but closed in the interest of depositors. Mr. Whitehead assigns property worth about $200,000. This makes the depositors in the Franklin Savings Bank safe, as he prefers that bank. A run of small depositors was made on the Merchants and Mechanics Bank, but claims amounting to $3,000 were paid without trouble. There were no runs on the other banks and they are all safe. The Farmers Bank was the only bank involved in the Exchange failure (except the Franklin Savings). Whitehead's and Bain's assignments preferring other creditors before the Exchange Bank leave that institution in a bad way, and the bank examiner, J. C. Brown, takes & gloomy view. The causes of the Exchange failure will be fully investigated by lawyers to be employed for that purpose. ELIA. Fire in Norfolk County-A Man and a We-

14. April 10, 1885 The Salt Lake Herald Salt Lake City, UT

Article from The Salt Lake Herald, April 10, 1885

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namera. ZALDWAR. (Signed) Secretary Whitney to-day received a dispatch from Commander Mahan, of the Wachusett, dated La Libertad, Salvador. which says: "Barrios is certainly dead. The Nicaraguan troops entered Honduras, routing the enemy. who retreated in disorder towards Guatemala. A telegram from Zaldavar to the authorities here says: Mexico will make a formal alliance with Zaldavar. I expect this will end the trouble without another shot. Probably both armies will march on Guatemala City." Bank Failure. NOBVOLK, Va., April 9.-The Farmer's bank, this city, did not open at the usual hour to-day. Notice was posted on the door stating that the bank had made an assignment to Walter F. Irvine, for the benefit of creditors. The bank was seriously affected last spring by the failure of H. J. Hardy & Son. New York, and was enabled to tide over that emergency by assistance from the Exchange National bank, of this city, which suspended a week ago. The concondition of the bank's affairs will not be ascertained until later in the day. The liabilities of the Farmer's Bank are almost a quarter of a million. Assets not stated. The cashier says he expects to pay in full. An assignment of all property of the bank is made in the interest of its creditors. All of yesterday's deposits will be returned.

15. April 10, 1885 Sacramento Daily Record-Union Sacramento, CA

Article from Sacramento Daily Record-Union, April 10, 1885

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tuously and well. After the morni treatment of his throat the patient walk about his room. His mind was clear waking. The General's condition was favorable to-day that the physicians deem immediate medical attendance not nec sary through the entire day. QUEEN VICTORIA'S SYMPATHY FOR M GRANT. NEW YORK, April 9th.-This correspor ence has passed AIX-LES-BAINS, April 8th Mrs. General Grant, New York: The Queen, feels deeply for you in your anxieties, commai me to inquire after General Grant. Dow AGER MARCHIONESS OF ELY The following reply was sent NEW YORK, April 9th Marchioness of Ely. Air-les-Bains: Mrs. Gra thanks the Queen for her sympathy, and dire me to say that General Grant is no better. COLONEL GRANT The Queen's message was received 1 night and the reply was sent to-day. A MARKED IMPROVEMENT. NEW YORK, April 9th-5:15 P. M.-At consultation of physicians at 4:30 P. M was agreed that General Grant was in improved condition. He has been qu comfortable all day, and has moved abo the room several times. Pulse 60, and ft temperature normal. IMPROVEMENT SHOWN IN FACE AND PULS NEW YORK April 9th.-Senor Rome called at the Grant mansion during afternoon, and on leaving he said the G eral's improved condition was shown in face and pulse. He takes food with me relish, and talks more cheerfully with family In the opinion of Senor Rome General Grant has more time to live th the doctors grant him. Another Bank Failure. NORFOLK (Va.), April 9th.-The Farme Bank of this city did not open at the ust hour to-day. A notice was posted on door stating that the bank had made assignment to Walter F. Irwin for the be efit of creditors. The bank was serious affected last spring by the failure of H Hardy & Son, of New York, but was abled to tide over that emergency by assi ance from the Exchange National Bank this city, which suspended a week as The condition of the bank affairs will be ascertained until later in the day. T liabilities of the Farmers' Bank are alme a quarter of a million. The assets are 1 stated. The Cashier says he expects to p in full. An assignment of all the proper of the bank is made in the interest of creditors. All of yesterday's deposits w be returned. More Election Frauds in Chicago. CHICAGO, April 9th.- The situation gro ing out of the close municipal contest this city has been complicated by the th of the ballot box of the third precinct the Third Ward. The box was stored in livery stable on Twenty-second stre where the balloting occurred, but storeroom was broken into and the b carried off. The precinet returned 575 vot for Smith, and 266 votes for Harrison. T theft is supposed to have been for the pt pose of concealing some irregularities. T matter has been in the hands of detectiv and it is rumored that some guilty part are known. The Republicans have cided to contest Mr. Harrison's electic and Mr. Harrison declares he hims wishes a recount, and he says he believe recount will increase his majority. Four Times Married. LOUISVILLE, April 9th. Mrs. Sal Fard-Lawrence-Hunt-Armstrong, whol been known for forty years as the mi beautiful woman in the South, was marri for the fourth time on Tuesday night in private parlors at the Galt House. T groom was G. F. Downs. a wealthy gent man of high social position, about 70 yes of age: and although he had been M Armstrong's devoted suitor for six yea the wedding was entirely unexpected, caused a great social sensation. The were no guests save three or four of bride's intimate friends and the son a daughter-in-law of the groom. The bri at 58 looked 45 She was simply attired a Parisian costume of cream serge, w gold threads running through it. a trimmed with a fringe made of gold coit Her only ornaments were necklace a bracelets of gold coins. The ceremony performed by Rev. George William y Closkey, Bishop of Louisville. Mr. a Mrs. Downs will reside for the present the Galt House, but will probably take elegant residence in the southern part the city later on. The wedding tour been deferred until autumn. Mrs. Sal Ward Lawrence-Hunt-Armistrong-Dov is known in every city in America. Emma Nevada and Mapleson. CHICAGo,April 9th.-Thepublishedst ment is made that when Miss Nevada prima donna of Mapleson's company, fi appeared in New York she was to rece $1,000 a night, but when she at first fai to score a success Mapleson reduced figure to $300. In San Francisco proved a drawing card and compelled impressario to allow her $1,000. Arrivi here she was again notified that her sala was again reduced to $300. Just bef the hour for the presentation of the op last night, it is stated that she refused appear unless the full figure was allow and that Mapleson had to give her amount to prevent a change of opera the last moment. A Vicious Dog Causes Two Deaths. BALTIMORE, April 9th.-An infant ch of Mrs. Mary Carroll, a wealthy widow Washington county, Md. whose husba died from hydrophobia a few weeks a was killed on Tuesday and almost CO pletely devoured. by the same dog wh caused her husband's death. The b: was left alone by Mrs. Carroll, at P upon the kitchen floor, while she went stairs to attend to some household duti The dog, a large-sized Spitz, was confir by a chain to dog house, near the kitcl door. For several days past the dog h been show signs of madness, and it been decided to shoot it yesterday aft noon. A few minutes after Mrs. Carr reached the upper floor she wasalarmed hearing a scream as if some one were great pain. Rushing down stairs, M Carroll was horrified upon discovering nine-months-old babe being lacerated the brute. The dog was shaking the ba as if it were a rat, and blood was streami from all parts of its body. Mrs. Carroll for assistance. Upon the arrival of neighbors the child was dead, and the was found calmly seated by the body, fea

16. April 10, 1885 New-York Tribune New York, NY

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THE NEWS THIS MORNING. FOREIGN.-The Russians after a severe battle drove the Afghans from Penjdeh; this news created great excitement in London; almost a panic The followed in the stock markets of Europe. Prince of Wales visited the slums in Dublin. Contradictory reports were made respecting the death of Barrios. DOMESTIC.-Kate Smulsey, the faster, died at The Farmers' Bank susFort Plain, N. Y. The Civil Code bill was pended at Norfolk. A ballot box was discussed in the Assembly. Produce stolen from a Chicago polling place. Exchanges in all the large cities excited over the war news. CITY AND SUBURBAN.-General Grant had a The summing-up for Mr. comfortable day. War excitement at the exFish begun. Charles W. Durant's will filed. changes. Ex-Secretary Frelinghuysen weaker; his A sentimental young daughter also ill. Suicide of man blew his brains out. Pot The woman. City a Jersey Luck Club dined. Discussion of cholera by the Society of Medical Jurisprudence. Testimonial dinner to the Rev. Dr. James M. The Metropolitans beaten by the Pullman. Gold value of the New-Yorks at baseball. legal-tender silver dollar (4121₂ grains) 82.09 cents. Stocks were more active at advancing figures and closed feverish and unsettled. THE local observations indicate slightly warmer, fair or partly cloudy weather. Temperature yesterday: Highest, 45°; lowest, 28°: average, 36°.

17. April 16, 1885 Delaware Gazette and State Journal Wilmington, DE

Article from Delaware Gazette and State Journal, April 16, 1885

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William died Illinois. feared contracted daughter from his week from near Urbana the by horrible they disease. have are been both infected sick. horse and His it glanders. wife and in A fire Berkley woman ing, destroyed named the house of hursday morn mains ruins were of cleared Mary Jones an old When colored together found lying the close woman the her charred the re. A party the Haven, Lehigh of Valley drunken Hoban, Pa. railroad depot at entered him and out fired when the one Thursday ticket of agent, ordered Thomas Penn them from instantly two shots Hoban, drew killing revolver to A be telegram decided detective no more troops the to it seems send an offer of Montreal that Ottawa the northwest says will for $10,000 to the he Dominio says he has made the of in sus charge hands, The dead or alive will deliver Rie] into his of Nor. Bank National pended xaminers Exchange to the have Va. folk, comp. reported the of that the concern troller currency to is be will and placed insolvent. of a The the hands receiver to alone due $3,000,000. depositors At Phonix Arizona, Mormon Mormon bishop named yesterday polygamy Robinson. and the in each days then guilty ment for -unlawful to elder the lesser named were count allowed Stewart in the to indicted plead penitentiary. then sentenced to cohabition 90 They indict. were At Poplar citizen, killed Louis Darry Wednesday time. had not lived wife and a well-knowing drew happily They night week. Both Bluff, together his Missouri, himself. leave two heart and then put bullet through woman They The Farmers' could her children shoot pistols he but shot before the for some himself posted on the and suspended assignment by Thursday, The doors Bank that of it had Norfolk notice Va. don Hardy is surplus of up capital $50,000. well the bank cashier and showed president last a paid statement and B. made Cald. concluded clared that leading Mormon Tribune that The Salt Lake City bishop A asserts Mars. it would be the priesthood has enforcement polygamists for Utah than are cheaper endure now subjected to the buy has a statehood de. laity this is of the laws. to the campaign. to of the Mormon now considered to Among be the the Owing swindled from parties who many complaints the Professor police Zibola, by of Baltimore mediums claimed last and to clairvo have received yoyants Ream the week arrested land, the daughter and daughter of ordinance seventh Madame were each witch of seventh Australian Madamo medinm telling. against fortune fined $25. under Wall street an Court They A from Cincinnati dispatch D. McMillen been a says presenting has been secretary to ex-Judge checks neting Tilden to as young business confide abidential attorney discovered who that has W Judge to have houses stimultaneonsly lighter Tilden's purporting bank with This discovery another been that was drawn forged made at States district In the than United he account supposed is it was. about $2,000 Judge man on Chattanoopre car conductor ignored two request who car on had passengers, the of been Western the ejected Saturday he having & Atlantic from colored a railroad first-class court furnish another the charge, road said for recovered the $217. road The was judgment judge, to go against into the for other first-class for colored pelled to special as that for negroes would be and sive The car good for Passengora com people as that a Ression in New Presbyte terian ensuing following sions the of Woman's the York Board Thursday of Foreign Passengers. church Mia Hartt ladies: E. and year Vice Presidents. President, other Home officers Mrs. Mrs Treasure William o for B. the Hubbard elected Dodge d Mrs Booth W Mrs. Post Mrs. F. A. Hubbard Jasper Mrs. Corning H. Secretaries Foreign W Miss meretaries Mrs. A and d in in B. Waller. esponding Secretary. and Miss M. L session Alton The Presbytery, Ill. has received Hillsboro, Miss Frances revelation nd tor the to work political calling that she her has received Willard,in divine which a letter she claims from of She women vancement h woman suffrage feature Women's of Christian should be made says it leading that not ters take the d in revelations no authority for ground that as minis ganization voked a Christian lively The work there and the Union of pro the Ln from telegram 12th r. been inst., that Libertad dated on in of mala. latter San Salvado signed has The joined between allied and alliance the treaty against of peace and on city of armies are Guate at where said malan troops are the welcomed many Guatemala of by the the disbanded populace and advancing It is the Costa allies De Pernita. joining Guate of the Costa has received a minister nk Washington Mexico Rican minister Rican the di spatch Senor ed trouble saying that at the ad Apartment in he avenue. Cleveland in in the fire room uppe House, Ohio, The on Stillman is settled. Euclid Hotel the No Central details and are American City of given from caught the and nd floor Sunday morning, vas and stories Reventh ion the ed occupied roof falling the in were The badly damaged sixth The hat nly (which to the escape with upper their floor, lives. had barely tim sts. uninsured vi and families proof) The guests, was loss ng about $18,000, of on blowing fire chiefly servants ton jet. The gas Stillman tain attributed to the by water. in and Cleveland the is finest building at a ere, year ago about erected ring $50,000. two om last On night Thursday at the farm called Palmer, mil. Middlese on countrappahanne the house of William of to that his aunt. Virginia river, bout was Palmer ill and desired living five miles and told distan ver knocked negroes him club. After with taking senseless his horse started when the toward the stable him. him his they carried pocket from to the fire the house building who was brother Bleeping younger was by are stairs, smoke and ns awakened he door the Near illow downstairs. him and $9.50 dragged their are unknown. was destroyed. from t

18. April 16, 1885 The Valley Virginian Clifton Forge, Staunton, VA

Article from The Valley Virginian, April 16, 1885

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The Sons of Temperance order in Fincastle is about on its last legs. Bad on Fincastle. The McCormick Observatory, at the University, was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies on Monday last. The Legislature of Nevada has passed a law imposing a fine of $20 on any person who treats another in a saloon. The Washington correspondent of the Alexandria Gazette states that Hon. John T. Haris will be a candidate for the Governorship. One of the most encouraging features in the industrial situation just now is that during the past few weeks the iron trade has steadily but slowly improved. If our cotemporary of the Vindicator would call to mind the fact that a Readjuster Legislature was elected in 1879, and the party continued in power until 1883, it would hardly contend that the transfer of lunatics from the jails to the asylums in 1881-82, was not the result of Readjuster management. The Alexandria Gazette, referring to the conference in Washington last week of the Democratic members of Congress to divide the spoils and the recommendations they made, says: "The impression among others than Virginians here is that the action of the conference will have little influence on the appointing powers." Fourteen years ago, Jack Taylor, a colored man, was indicted in the county court of Page, charged with stealing a few chickens and implicated with others in stealing bacon. He eluded arrest and fled to another State. He recently returned, and while enjoying himself with his fiddle at his home, was arrested last week and incarcerated. On the 9th The Farmers Bank of Norfolk closed its doors, making the fourth banking institution of that city that has suspended within the past two weeks. There was by the Exchange Bank due depositors $3,000,000. One firm, Bain Bros., had been allowed to overdraw to the amount of $1,200,000. The State had $300,000 in this bank, and there was past due taxes to the State, $12,000. Suit has been brought by the Attorney General to recover. ### THE BALTIMORE MANUFACTURERS' RECORD April 11th, furnishes a detailed statement of the manufacturing enterprises started in the South for the first three months of 1885. The list embraces fourteen States, and the aggregate capital invested is $20,591,100, divided as follows: Alabama, $2,035,000-including four new coke furnaces at Birmingham: Arkansas, $179,600; Florida, $200,000 Georgia, 3991,000: Kentucky, $7,728,000: Louisiana, $465,500: Maryland. $3,400,000: Mississippi, $96,000; North Carolina, $715,000; South Carolina, $332,000: Tennessee, $1,225,000; Texas, $510,000; Virginia, $1,496,000: West Virginia, $1,220,000, Amherst Democrat: Capt. J. W. Henley of the Virginia Tin Company, was in town Monday and said his company had the biggest thing ever discovered in the United States. He informed us that they had gotten out from 1,500 to 1,800 tons of ore since Christmas which would average 30 per cent., and were now getting out from thirty-five to forty tons a day. One of the veins has exceeded their most sanguine expectations. It was though that it would only be forty feet in width, but it turns out to be fully 120 feet wide and of very fine ore. A specimen shown us was 78 per cent. pure tin. As soon as possible the company will erect a furnace and smelt the ore. A new sect is being started in Connecticut. The creed of this novel church declares a belief in an intelligent over-ruling power, a future life for everybody, whose happiness will depend on the state of the conscience, and will be inversely proportionate to the amount of wrong committed on earth and that wrong can be determined only by the exercise of reason. It then enumerates nine wrongs which include to murder, steal, give anything needless discomfort, &c. The organization rejects the Bible, but retains God, whom it calls "Pote." Prayer is regarded as needless, and Sunday rest is recommended for health. Liquor, tobacco and gambling are forbidden. The effect of the disastrous bank failures in Norfolk has been to paralyze business and reduce to poverty many who a few weeks ago were considered in comfortable circumstances. The business men are facing the difficulties and embarrassments which environ them with heroic courage. Aid is also coming in from the North, to sustain the existing banks and enlarge their facilities for accommodating business demands. Prominent gentlemen of Portsmouth and Norfolk are moving to organize a new bank, and the indications are that it will not be long before the shock experienced by the bank failures will have subsided and all business resume its wonted activity. Eight five-story tenement houses, each to accommodate ten families, on the south side of West Sixty-Second street, between 10th and 11th avenues, New York, that had been recently put under roof, fell down on the evening of the 14th, while efforts were being made to brace then up, that the yielding foundation might be made secure. The wreck was complete. Not a stick remained standing, not a timber remained whole, in the entire roof. Fifty workmen were engaged at the time, thirty of whom were injured, and about eight killed. Fifty men had been ordered away during the day, and the contractor drove off a few moments before the collapse of the houses. He is greatly censured because of the material out of which the buildings were being constructed, and especially for the bad character he bears, in respect to building. Judge Wiley, of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, has informed the President that he wishes to avail himself of the provision of law which allows him to retire on full pay after twenty years' service. The President requested him to withhold his resignation for the present, until he could select a suitable person to fill the important position. It is stated also that Chief-Justice Cartter and Justice MacArthur desire to avail of the law. The name of Judge James Keith, of the Alaxendria Circuit, is mentioned in connection with one of the positions.

19. April 16, 1885 The Democrat Scotland Neck, NC

Article from The Democrat, April 16, 1885

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We are indebted to Mr. James N. Smith for the weekly reports of the weather. Junior girl's definition of reapillary ats tachment: Falling in love with a mouss tache. We gladly place the our exchange list. A good paper ably edited and published weekly. Mr. Noah Biggs has had made a buggy to suit the size of his pony. and now he has the most unique little turn out in town We return thanks to Col. R. R Bridgers, President of the W. & W. Railroad. for courtesies extended to the DEMO CRAT. Report of weather for the week ending April 11, 1885. Highest Thermometer 740 Lowest Thermometer 31°. Amount of rain fall 70. We learn that our friend R. J. White, formerly of this town, is now in Savannab, Ga. We subscribes to the DEMOCRAT. Mr. Walter Gray had the misfortune some days ago to get arm badly cut in a corn sheller, but We are glad to see that it is getting well. From the Smithfield 'Herald' we learn that a Literary Society is on a boom there and is quite a success. Scotland Neck can't appreciate it. In Home Items you notice work table advertised by Edmondson & osey. This something that has never been in this community before. It IS a real novelty. We still want a number of The Comonwealth' bearing date March 14, 1884 Please sen lit to us if you have it, and if your neighbor has it borr DW it and send it to us. Mr. J. A. Perry is meeting with much success in selling the new bed spring which he is unanufacturing. The spring is a good one and is said to please all who have used it. The oldest deed on record in North Carolina, is at Hertford, Perquimans Co., given by Kuscatenaw. an Indian King, to George Durant, a Quaker, date 1 March 1st. 1661.-Ex. The Farmers Bank of Norfolk has failed. The National Exchange Bank, of Norfolk has failed. Bam Bros., bankers of Portsmouth have failed. Norfolk never before has ha such a shock. Dr. Boddle's horse made quite a violent effort at running away Thursday morning. but the doctor being strong and skillful as a driver prevented any seriousness from the matter. The Wadesboro 'Intelligencer' wegladly add to our list of exchanges. S. W. Henley is the editor. It IS a good, ably edited, bold, and spicy weekly. It desers ves success. Luck to it. The *Falcon* has changed hands. Mr. F. E. Vaughan, the former editor retires and Messrs. Lamb and Ferebee will continue the enterprise. We hope them much success. The 'Falcon' is a good weekly. The Kinston *Free Press' has entered upon its fourth year of usefulness. Charles C. Daniels is its editor. and a good, newsy able weekly does he give his readers. May it continue in success, such as its present worth demands. We saw Mr. C. J. Lassiter. of Northampton. in town last Saturday. He had just returned from Norfolk. He was fortunate to draw out his money from the last bank that failed the ovening before the doors were closed the next morning. In last issue we failed to call the attens tion of our readers to the new advertisements of Messrs. Dennis & Horn, of Enfield. and of Messrs. E. T. Whitehead & Co, of Scotland Neck. The former deals ers in buggies, earts, &c., the latter druggists. 'Spell chicken.' said the Professor. 'Do you mean a little chicken asked the boy. 'Well-any chicken,' responded the Professor, somewhat amused at the lad's query. The pupil reflected a moment, and then said. 'Wouldn't & hen do?' He could spell hen and he knew a hen was a chicken. The Baptist Church of this place sent out from its Sunday-school workers on the first Sunday in this month. members to organize Sunday-sehools for the suminer at Hill's X Roads, White's x Roads Mullen's x Roads, Braswell's x Roads and Staton's school house The outlook for the year is favorable. We remember that once upona time we saw a white rabbit up town one moonlight night, and we made and effort to let 30me one else see him, not knowing that there was such a rabbit near us. Some one accused us of being inclined to believe in ghosts. We knew what it was. But now there is a young man in town who does not believe in ghosts any more than

20. April 18, 1885 Martinsburg Herald Martinsburg, WV

Article from Martinsburg Herald, April 18, 1885

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On the 9th The Farmers Bank of Norfolk closed its doors, making the fourth banking institution of that city that has suspended within the past two weeks. There was by the Ex. change Bank due depositors $8,000,000, One firm, Bain Bros. had been allowed to overdraw to the amount of $1,200,000. The State had $300,000 in this bank, and there was past due taxes to the State, $12,000. Spit has been brought by the Attorney General to recover.