20736. Bank of Middle Tennessee (Lebanon, TN)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
state
Start Date
October 1, 1857*
Location
Lebanon, Tennessee (36.205, -86.346)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
6041e83c

Response Measures

None

Description

In Oct 1857 the Bank of Middle Tennessee (Lebanon) suspended specie payments along with other Tennessee banks. The suspension is described as a policy/prudence move (not insolvency). A February 1858 item recounts a student who demanded gold and a street threat that led the bank to pay out gold — indicates the bank could meet specie if pressured. No permanent closure or receivership is mentioned. Cause of suspension is taken as macroeconomic panic/news (the Panic of 1857 era).

Events (2)

1. October 1, 1857* Suspension
Cause
Macro News
Cause Details
Part of widespread suspension of specie payments by Tennessee banks in October 1857 as a policy response to the wider 1857 financial disturbance
Newspaper Excerpt
the Bank of Middle Tennessee, at Lebanon, have suspended specie payment. The notes of all of them though are still current as before, and are all good. They suspended specie payment as a matter of policy
Source
newspapers
2. February 1, 1858* Other
Newspaper Excerpt
one of the students at Lebanon, Tenn., deposited $100 in gold in the Bank of Middle Tennessee, and afterward called for it, when he was offered the amount in the notes of the bank... That evening a large number of the students assembled in the street and announced their determination to pull down the house, if the gold was not forthcoming, ... The bank officers ... paid out the gold.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (2)

Article from Weekly Clarksville Chronicle, October 23, 1857

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Article Text

SINCE our last issue, the Union and the Planters', and all the Free Banks in Nashville,-namely, the Merchants, City, Traders, Bank of Commerce, Bank of the Union, and the Bank of Middle Tennessee, at Lebanon, have suspended specie payment. The notes of all of them though are still current as before, and are all good. They suspended specie payment as a matter of policy, as the three old Banks did, and not from any inability to sustain themselves. We have not heard what course the Free Banks in Memphis, will pursue when advised of the action of those at Nashville; but we think it probable that they and all other Banks in the State, will also suspend from like motives of prudence and policy. The Bank of America and the Northern Bank, both located here, are still paying specie, and we do not know whether they will suspend or not. If they do, it will be only because all the other Banks have done so, and in consideration of the policy that moved them to do it. They have certainly proved that they are entitled to the highest confidence.


Article from Fayetteville Observer, February 4, 1858

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Article Text

How to Draw Deposits in Gold. The Brandon (Miss.) Republican of the 14th contains the following: We learn from a roliable source that in the past fall, one of the students at Lebanon, Tenn., deposited $100 in gold in the Bank of Middle Tennessee, and afterward called for it, when he was offered the amount in the notes of the bank, and told that he could not get the gold. The student and one of the officers had no altercation of words, and exchanged shote with pistols in the street, doing no damage, however. That evening a large number of the students assembled in the street and announced their determination to pull down the house, if the gold was not forthcoming, The bank officers thought it predent to get rid of such boisterous fellows, and paid out the gold. If mob law is ever justifiable, it is particularly so when banks get honest men's money, and then avail themselves of the fashion of 'suspending' when they are able to meet their demands. These students, under the circumstances, were not much to blame, and if other institutions were subjected to the same test, they might probably find that they too could pay out deposits in gold."