17519. Second National Bank (Jefferson, OH)

View Charter #2026 on SPMC

Bank Information

Episode Type
Suspension → Closure
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
2026
Charter Number
2026
Start Date
December 20, 1882
Location
Jefferson, Ohio (41.738, -80.769)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
3204d340

Response Measures

None

Description

Multiple contemporaneous newspapers (Dec 20–29, 1882 and early Jan 1883) report that the Second National Bank of Jefferson, Ohio, suspended on discovery of large defalcations by the cashier S. J. Fuller (and assistant cashier H. L. St. John). Later items state the bank will go into or has gone into liquidation, indicating the suspension led to permanent closure rather than a simple temporary pause. No run is described in the articles.

Events (4)
1. August 12, 1872 Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2. December 20, 1882 Suspension
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Large embezzlement/defalcation by cashier S. J. Fuller (and assistant H. L. St. John); Fuller fled after using an estimated $50,000–$75,000 of bank funds; St. John stricken with paralysis upon discovery. Stockholders reported liable for ~ $200,000; later reports state bank to go into liquidation.
Newspaper Excerpt
the community there is much excited over the defalcations of S. J. Fuller and H. L. St. John, the cashier and assistant cashier of the Second National Bank, and the suspension of the bank pending an investigation.
Source
newspapers
3. December 26, 1882 Voluntary Liquidation
Source
historical_nic
4. January 4, 1883 Other
Newspaper Excerpt
The second National Bank of Jefferson, Ohio, has gone into liquidation, in consequence of the defaulting of the cashier, who has also absconded.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (13)
1. December 20, 1882 The Rock Island Argus Rock Island, IL
Article from The Rock Island Argus, December 20, 1882

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CHICAGO NEWS NOTES NO BRUISING ALLOWED. CHICAGO, Dec. 20.-Superintendent of Police Doyle having notified the pugilists that a law exists preventing sparring or boxing exhibitions in Illinois and that it will be enforced, the Sullivan-Elliott boxing match has been declared off. PULLMAN CAR BUSINESS. The Pullman Palace Car Company is making extensive preparations to begin building freight cars and have orders for 4.000 cars already. MORE DISHONEST BANKERS. Jefferson, Ohio, special: The commu nity is excited over the defalcation of S. J. Fuller and H. L. St. John, cashier and assistant cashier of the Second National bank and the suspension of the bank pending investigation. Fuller has fled. He had been speculating and used from $50,000 to $78,000 of the bank's funds. St. John on learning that the crime was discovered had 2 stroke of paralysis. Depositors are not likely to lose any money, the stockholders being liable for $100,000, being far more than the average deposits. COMMISSION FIRM FAILURE. Randall, Bell & Co. a Board of Trade commission firm failed this morning. They were short for a considerable amount on corn and oats. The trouble began this morning when the break was about over and they were unable to stand the advance. Liabilities not stated, but said to be large. RAILROAD COMPANY ENJOINED. Judge Smith in the Superior court this morning denied the motion for an injunction in behalf of the Western Indiana railroad to restrain the city from opening Dearborn street.

2. December 20, 1882 Lancaster Daily Intelligencer Lancaster, PA
Article from Lancaster Daily Intelligencer, December 20, 1882

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SECOND EDITIO N. WEDNESDAY EVENING DEC, 20, 1882. GONE WRONG AGAIN. A BANK PRESIDENT'S BIG STEALINGS, He Speculates in on and Stocks and Robe the Depositors of $500,000-An Oh!o Cashier's Downfall. NEW YORK, Dec. 20.-A Rochester, N. Y., dispatch says the City bank rated the third strongest in the city closed its doors this mornging. There is said to be a deficiency amounting to half a million of dollars. The cause of the suspension is said to be speculation in stocks and oil by the president, Chas. E. Upton. Great excitement prevails. The amount of deposits is stated at $500,000 and the amount of paper held by the bank at $800,000. Upton was treas. urer of the Western New York Episcopal diocese and had its funds in the bank. The savings bank of the city had large sums as deposit in the bank. Also an Ohio Cashier. CHICAGO, Dec. 20.-A dispatch from Jefferson, O., states that the community there is much excited over the defalcations of S. J. Fuller and H. L. St. John, the cashier and assistant cashier of the Second national band, and the suspicion of the bank pending an investigation. Fuller has tied. He has been speculating and used from $50,000 to $75,000 of the bank's funds. St. John, on learning the crime was discovered, had a stroke of paralysis The depositors are not likely to lose their money. the stockholders being liable for $200,000, which is far more than the average amount of de posits.

3. December 20, 1882 Evening Star Washington, DC
Article from Evening Star, December 20, 1882

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CHICAGO, Dec. 20.-A dispatch from Jefferson, Ohio, states that the community there is much excited over the defalcations of S. J. Fuller, and H. L. St. John, the cashier and the assistant cashier of the Second National Bank, and the suspension of the bank pending an investigation. Fuller has fied. He has been speciality. and used $50,000 to $75,000 of the bank's funds. . St John on learning that the crime was discovered. had a stroke of paralysis. The depositors are not. likely to lose their money, the stockholder being liable for $200,000, which is far more than the average amount of deposits.

4. December 21, 1882 New-York Tribune New York, NY
Article from New-York Tribune, December 21, 1882

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AN OHIO BANK SUSPENDS. JEFFERSON, Ohio, Dec. 20.-There is much excitement here over the defalcations of 8. J. Fuller and H. L. st. John, the cashier and the assistant cashier of the Second National Bank, and the suspension of the bank pending an investigation. Fuller has fled. He had been speculating, and used $50,000 to $75,000 of the bank's funds. St. John, on learning that the crime was discovered, had a stroku of paralysis. The depositors are not likely to lose their money, the stockholders being liable for $200,000, which is fur more than the average amount of deposits.

5. December 21, 1882 New-York Tribune New York, NY
Article from New-York Tribune, December 21, 1882

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SUSPENSION OF BANKS. HEAVY DEFALCATION IN ROCHESTER. c. E. UPTON, PRESIDENT OF THE CITY BANK. USES THE BANK'S MONEY TO SPECULATE IN OIL-THE RESULIS-DEFALCATION AND SUSPENSION IN OHIO. The City Bank of Rochester, N. Y., closed its doers yesterday, that action having been compelied by the misappropriation of several hundreds of thousands of dollars of the bank's money by the president, C. E. Upton. who used it to speculate in oil. The amount of deposits in the bank is stated to be $500,000, and the amount of paper held by the bank to be $800,000. The story of Mr. Upton's wrongdoing is told by one of the directors. One of the first results of the failure in Rochester was the suspension of the Will'am C. Moore Banking House in Victor, N. Y. The Second National Bank of Jefferson, Ohio, has suspended, because of the defalcations of the cashier and assistant cashier.

6. December 21, 1882 Memphis Daily Appeal Memphis, Hernando, Grenada, Jackson, Vicksburg, Atlanta, Griffin, Macon, Montgomery, Selma, TN
Article from Memphis Daily Appeal, December 21, 1882

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BROKEN BANKS. Two Strong Institutions Rained by the Specilatious of Their Officers. JEFFERSON, O., December 20.-This community is excited over the speculation of J. Fuller and H. L. St. John, cashier and assistant cashier of the Second National Bank, and the suspension of the bank pending an investigation. Fuller has fled. He had been speculating, and used $50,000 to $75,000 of the bank funds. St. John, on learning that his crime was discovered, had a stroke of paralysis. The depositors are not likely to lose any money, the stockholders being liable for $200,000, being far more than the average deposits.

7. December 21, 1882 Wheeling Register Wheeling, WV
Article from Wheeling Register, December 21, 1882

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FRAUDS. Two Banks Suffer from Speculating Officers. A Bank President Speculates in Oil and Sinks $300,000 of the Funds-A Cashier Gets Away With $75,000. TRICK OF A HORNY-HANDED SWINDLER. ROCHESTER, N. .Y., December -Through the use of $350,000 of the funds of the City Bank of Rochester, by its president, Chas. E. Upton, to carry on oil speculations, the bank this morning closed its doors. The amount of deposits is stated to be $500,000, and the amount of paper held $800,000. Upton was treasurer of the Western New York Episcopal Diocese and had its funds in the bank. The Savings Bank had large sums on deposit with the City Bank. J. B. Parkins, attorney of the bank, and one of the directors made the following statement: "A month ago I considered the bank perfectly sound. The cause of the failure was speculation with funds of the bank by the President, C. E. Upton, in oil, lately. He had speculated to the amount of hundreds of thousands barrels. Two hundred thousand barrels he had for himself and a great deal for other parties, not connected with the bank. Two or three weeks ago there was a heavy fall in prices. He took money from the bank to carry this. Immediately after that the directors were informed that checks of the City bank had been thrown out by the American Exchange bank of New York. We commenced an investigation anu found everything in confusion. We wished Upton to make a statement and he finally said the owed about $200,000 and had property valued at $50,000, which he agreed to secure to the bank. The directors then decided to raise $100,000 and continue the bank, but it was subsequently ascertained that Upton owed $330,000, and the institution was obliged to close. Upton turned over to the bank property to the value of $50,000. It is said that Upton took $75,000 last night for his private use. The city has no funds in the bank, but the county is badly involved. JEFFERSON, O., December 20.-This community is excited over the defalcation of J. Fuller and H. L. St. John, cashier and assistant cashier of the Second National Bank and the suspension of the bank. Pending an investigation, Fuller plead he had been speculating and used from $50,000 to $75,000 of the bank's funds. St. John, on learning of the crime, discovered he had a stroke of paralysis. The depositors will not lose any money, the stockholders being liable for $200,000, which is far more than the amount of deposits.

8. December 21, 1882 The Daily Gazette Wilmington, DE
Article from The Daily Gazette, December 21, 1882

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LAST NIGHT'S NEWS IN BRIEF. There were two slight earthquakes at Panama on Tuesday. 20 counterfeit plates, captured by Service Secret in the of being for a corn and William at stroyed "short" The Over Randall, Chicago, oats. Bell failed considerable Treasury C. agents, & yesterday Moore Co., have Department. commission Banking amount morning, just House been in dealers deVictor, New York, suspended yesterday, in consequence of the City Bank failure at Rochester. The farm buildings of E. C. Hawkes, at Charlemont, Mass., were burned yesterday with 150 sheep, 50 calves and a quantity of hay and grain. Daniel and Thomas League were arrested yesterday in Mobile, while passing counterfeit quarter dollars, and implements were found in their possession. The Copeland Hotel, and a block adjoining, in Pembroke, Canada, were burned Three yesterday morning. Loss, $10,000. lives were lost in the hotel. The schedule in the assignment of Graham & Altken, dry goods merchants of New York, shows liabilities amounting to $169. 849, and actual assets amounting to $128,914. The hospital of the Sisters of Charity at Big Rapids, Micbigan, was burned yester day, and a valuable library, belonging to the estate of the late Father de Conick, Was destroyed. An incendiary fire at Morristown N. J., yesterday morning, destroyed a large barn and outbuilding belonging to Senator Randolph, also a new steam ditcher, lately patented by him and built at an expense of over $6,000. The trouble at Opelika, Alabama, continues. The house of B. H. Heiser, editor of the Times, was fired into on Tuesday night. Ten buckshot crashed through his bedroom window and buried themselves in the opposite wall. General N. M. Curtis, convicted in New York of violation of the Anti-political Assessment law and sentenced to pay a fine of $1,000, yesterday, handed over a check for the amount, in open court, and was diecharged from custody. A telegram from Concord, N. H., says that "one of the largest and most brilliant meteors ever observed" there was seen yesterday afternoon. between 4 and 5 o'clock. It passed from west to east, and "was as plainly visible as meteors usually are after dark." The frame shop of Frazer & Jones, contractors, in the yard of the County Prison at Syracuse, New York, was burned yesterday morning, and Henry W. Austin, watchman, was burned to death. The loss on property is estimated at about $40,000. Charles A. Dunning, a well-known citizen of Denton, Md., was found dead in his carriage near his house yesterday morning, with his head badly cut and bruised, hanging between the front wheel and the shafts. A coroner's jury found that his death resulted from an attack of vertigo. An attempt was made on Tuesday night to burn the town of Henderson, North Carolina. Three stores were fired, one of them in four places, coal oil being used freely. A vigilance committee of fifty has been formed to patrol the town at night. A few years ago the town was almost entirely destroyed by incendiary fires. The jury in the case of Solomon Jones, on trial at Chesterfield, Va., for the murder of his son, rendered a verdict on Tuesday night of not guilty, ud the prisoner was discharged. After his arrest Jones denied the murder, saying that his son had been killed hy a train on the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad. The father will now sue the road for damages. The Second National Bank of Jefferson, Ohio, has suspended, in consequence of embezzlements by S. J. Fuller and H. L. St. John, the cashier and assistant cashier. Fuller has used from $50,000 to $75,000 of the bank's money and has fled. St. John stricken with paralysis on hearing of the discovery of the crime. It is said the depositors will lose nothing, as the stock. holders are liable for $200,000, which is far more than the average of deposits. THE LARGEST RETAIL STOCK OF DRY

9. December 22, 1882 Morning Appeal Carson City, NV
Article from Morning Appeal, December 22, 1882

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Another Good Man Gone. JEFFERSON, O., Dec. 21.--The community is excited over the defalcations of J. Faller and H. L. St. John, cashier and assistant cashier of the Second National Bank, and the suspension of the bank pending an investigation. Fuller has fled. He had been speculating and used from $50,000 to $75,000 of the bank's funds. St. John, on learning that the crime was discovered, had a stroke of paralysis. The depositor3 are not likely to lose any money, the stockholders being liable for $200,000, which is far more than the average deposits.

10. December 22, 1882 Vermont Phœnix Brattleboro, Bellows Falls, Ludlow, VT
Article from Vermont Phœnix, December 22, 1882

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THE NEWS IN BRIEF. THREE BROKEN BANKS. -The City bank of Rochester. N. Y., 14 state bank with a capital of $200,000 and reported surplus of $20,000 one of the strongest of the place, closed its doors Wednesday, and it is charged that its president, C. E. Upton, has misappropriated and lost in oil speculations $350,000 of its funds. Many savings banks of Rochester and the county of Monroe are among the principal creditors. Upton was treasurer of the western New York Episcopal diocese, and its funds were deposited with the bank.- The William C. Moore banking.) house of Victor, N. Y., suspended payment on the same day in consequence of the failure of the City bank.-T Second national bank of Jefferson, Ohio, has suspended and it is charged that Cashier S. J. Fuller, and Assistant Cashier H. L. St.John have lost from $50,000 to $75,000 of the bank's funds in speculation. When the crime was discovered Fuller fled and St. John was stricken with paralysis. -New Yorkers find them in trouble, not only with their elevated railroads, but with their 80-called steam heating and power companies, which have special franchises and privileges. Last Monday anexplosion of one of the pipes of this company occurred at the crossing of Nassau and John streets, lifting an express wagon into the air, tossing the heavy stones of the Belgian pavement all about the place, and sprinkling buildings and pedestrians for a considerable distance with a quantity of dirty mud. It is alleged that, while this is the worst explosion which has occurred, explosions of the steam-heating company's pipes are by no means uncommon. -The Cincinnati Enquirer tells a story of a fatal fight between a young schoolmaster and a pack of unruly boys in a district school in the hamlet of Cumberland, Ohio. The school was one which no teacher had been able to govern, and aftera week under the new master the big boys proceeded with their usual programme of "licking the teacher." The master did not take kindly to the parformance, and after he had been knocked down and terribly beaten, he drew a knife and wounded two of the boys so that they died. The master, badly hurt, surrendered to the authorities but was released on bail. -His Royal Highness Prince Arisugawa, general great commander of the left, and uncle to the present emperor of Japan, is now in New York. He has made a six months' tour of Europe and is now on his way to Japan via San Francisco. -Congressman Godlove S. Orth died at Lafayette, Ind., Sunday night of blood-poisoning from cancer at the age of 66. -A call is out for a convention of New England tobacco growers to be held at Hartford, Conn., next Tuesday. It is proposed to form a permanent organization, though the immediate purpose of the meeting is to influence Congress to put a duty on Sumatra tobacco. -A smart shock of earthquake was felt in central and southeastern New Hampshire Tuesday afternoon. -Nine prisoners recently escaped from the Pleasonton, (Tex.) jail, have begun a reign of terror in that neighborhood by stealing horses and shooting people at night. Monday night a man was taken to the woods and riddled with bullets. -Forty thieves attacked the town of Almacattan, Pueblo, Tuesday night, captured the mayor, justice and aldermen and carried them of to their rendezvous where they hold them for a ransom. f -The search for the missing members of the Jeannette expedition has been abant doned.

11. December 28, 1882 Brookings County Sentinel Brookings, SD
Article from Brookings County Sentinel, December 28, 1882

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Broken Banks. Great excitement was created at Rochester, N. Y., on the 20th inst., by the announcement that the City Bank of Rochester had closed its doors. The amount of deposits is stated at $500,000 and the amount of paper held by the bank $800,000. The failure was caused by the use of bank funds by C. E. Upton, its president. in unfortunate oil speculations. Upton owes the institution $330,000 and has made restitution by turning over property valued at $150,000. The city of Rochester has no funds in the bank, but the county is badiy involved. The Second National Bank, of Jefferson, O., has suspended temporarily, pending investigation into defalcations by S. J. Fuller and H. L. St. John, cashier and assistant cashier Fuller had speculated and lost about 875,000 of the bank's funds. St. John. on hearing of the expose was stricken with paralysis. The depositors will not suffer as the stockholders are liabie for more than the deposits.

12. December 29, 1882 The Times Owosso, MI
Article from The Times, December 29, 1882

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# VERY LATEST. An illicit distillery, capable of running twenty barrels per day, was seized in Harlem, New York, Saturday. A policeman in San Francisco, named Joseph Lanktree, stole $5,000 worth of silks from a Central Pacific car. During the five months ended Nov. 30, 244,611 immigrants landed in the United States. Mr. J. Saurin Morris, President of the First National Bank of Baltimore, died Friday in his 70th year. Illinois has 10,463 miles of railway track, leading all the states. Four roads are in the hands of receivers. Mrs. Langtry appeared at a matinee in Brooklyn before an audience of 250 persons. A navigable channel has been opened from the heart of the everglades of Florida to the Gulf of Mexico. The funeral of Sir Hugh Allan was held at Montreal Wednesday, the remains having arrived from Scotland. Annie Sullivan, more than 100 years of age, was killed by a train at Winchester, Massachusetts. The penal code was rigidly enforced in New York Sunday, the police closing every store found open after 9 o'clock in the morning. The grand jury in New York called the attention of the court to the accumulation of dirt in the streets with a suggestion that it be removed. A telegraph operator in Montreal, named W. C. Anderson, is to receive $750,000 by the will of an uncle in Scotland. A force of mounted infantry has marched from Petermaritzburg for Zululand, to start Cetewayo on a new career as an African boss. Red Cloud and an interpreter have arrived in Washington, but the chieftain declines to give himself away to the interviewers. A blaze at St. Petersburg destroyed several iron-work establishments on the Neva and three steamers on the stocks. The prince of Wales telegraphed to Paris to learn the real condition of Gambetta, and was answered that the latter's wound had thoroughly healed. The Russian minister of foreign affairs thinks the removal of the bodies of De Long and his men impracticable at this season of the year. J. H. Watkins, one of the proprietors of a flouring-mill at Toledo, has been convicted of burning it to obtain insurance of $19,000. James A. Wilson, treasurer of De Witt county, Illinois, who was wealthy and popular, committed suicide by hanging. General Curtis, of New York, paid a fine of $1,000 for collecting political assessments, and was discharged from custody. In consequence of defalcations committed by the cashier and his assistant, the Second National bank of Jefferson, Ohio, will go into liquidation. J. M. Sturtevant, who for thirty years has been superintendent of the Tennessee blind school at Nashville, died of paralysis. Jem Mace, the pugilist, has arrived at San Francisco from Australia, bringing a half-breed Maori to fight Sullivan. The treasury department publishes a decision that a Chinese wet-nurse is a laborer, and can not be admitted to the United States. In the United States court at Omaha, F. E. Clary, formerly postmaster at Sidney, was convicted of making false returns as to the arrival of mails, and fined $300. Two bold thieves walked around among the Christmas shoppers in a fur store in Cincinnati, and stole four sealskin sacques, which they carried away in a valise. A fire in a postal-car near Schenectady destroyed three pouches of letters from New York for Chicago, and much of the European mail from three steamers. General Chalmers made his appearance at Oxford, Mississippi, as an assistant United States attorney retained by the government to aid in prosecuting offenses against the election laws. A Dayton dispatch chronicles the death of Rear Admiral James F. Schenck retired, who entered the naval service in 1821 as a midshipman on the Hornet. Two great-grandsons of Daniel Boone received mortal wounds at the hands of William Vaughan, of Ladonia, Texas, for whom one hundred citizens are engaged in a search. A train carrying three hundred excursionists was ditched Friday at Mount Vernon, Ohio, by an open switch, resulting in serious bruises to several travelers. Andy Wilson sold his farm of 5,652 acres at Kingsville, Shawnee County, Kan., for $150,000, and will remove his stock, valued at $100,000, to New Mexico. Last week's business failures for the United States numbered 236, an increase of six over the week ended Dec. 15, and ninety-one more than in the corresponding period in 1881. Mrs. Ellen Duncan, of Palmer Mass., was convicted of emasculating her little stepson, aged 6 years. It is believed the outrage will shatter the boy's reason for a time. Pupils of the public schools in Newark, New Jersey, were requested to bring one potato each for the Home of the Friendless, the plan resulting in the contribution of a small wagon-load. The district court at Cincinnatti has decided that the telephone company was justified in cutting out the instrument of A. II. Pugh for using the word "damn" over the wires. Z. Chafee, trustee of the Sprague estate, has petitioned the supreme court of Rhode Island for leave to disburse $500.000 to holders of trust mortgage

13. January 4, 1883 Yorkville Enquirer York, SC
Article from Yorkville Enquirer, January 4, 1883

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MERE-MENTION. Considerable alarm is felt in Hope, Arkansas, in regard to the reported uprising of the blacks, who, it is alleged, have made threats to burn the town. The streets are patrolled The Dickson and by a sheriff's posse. Star-route trials are still dragging their slow Edward length along in Washington. Knowlten and Charles Stiles, aged respectively 11 and 8 years, of Wallingford, Conn., confessed on being arrested last Friday afternoon, that it was they who attempted to wreck a passenger train a day or two before, being to do SO because an them prompted road had driven off the track. employé of Dur- the ing the present year $300,000,000 have been invested in the building of railroads in this The second National Bank of country. Jefferson, Ohio, has gone into liquidation, in consequence of the defaulting of the cashier, Two brothers, who has also absconded. named Bullard, were killed last Thursday, at Lebanon, Ala., by two brothers named Jacomy. On ThursAll were men of prominence. last five colored persons were at day drowned Fort Barrington, twelve miles above Darien, Ga. The boat they were in capsized and there was no help available. Chicago has erected, in the year just drawing to a close, fourteen miles of new buildings which cost twenty millions of dollars. It is a marvelous city Gen Newthat can show such a record. ton M. Curtis, convicted in New York of vioStates assessments from ting lation of the United office-holders Statutes for in collec- political purposes, appeared in court on the 20th, and paid the fine of $1,000. The Court directed the entry of an order discharging the genThe Judge of the Coreral from custody. poration Court of Norfolk, Va., has decided that the Dismal Swamp Canal Company has the right by virtue of a provision of its charter to hold one or more lotteries to raise monfor the of extending aud improvbet ween the waters ey ing navigation purpose of North Car- The olina and Virginia through its canal. director of the mint says that all the silver dollars at the New Orleans mint on the 1st of July last, amounting to $4,742,995, have been shipped to various points in the South, and all but of the coined at the same that quently $800,000 $3,000,000 mint have subse- been The City shipped to Southern cities. Bank of Rochester, "NFY, rated third strongest in the city, has failed with a rumored deficiency of $500,000. The cause of suspension is said to be speculation in stocks and oil by the President, Charles E. Upton. Great exGovernor Stephens, of citement prevails. Georgia, has pardoned forty penitentiary conThe snow of victs since his inauguration. last Friday fell to the depth of eight inches in Vanderbilt has effected a conRichmond. several Western roads and will a line to solidation have through of Cincinnati and St. Louis in opposition to the Pennsylvania road. The day train between Richmond Reand Charlotte is to be discontinued. cent floods in the German rivers have been very destructive to life and property. About The tifty persons are reported drowned. money power at the top and the liquor power at the bottom," according to Mr. Beecher, are the two great evils which this Government The heaviest has to contend with. snow fall recorded in this country occurred in February, 1717. It began to fall on 19th day of February and continued without interruption five days. MASSACHUSETTS VS. SOUTH CAROLINA.States Consta