14274. Perth Amboy Savings Institution (Perth Amboy, NJ)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run Only
Bank Type
savings bank
Start Date
October 31, 1912
Location
Perth Amboy, New Jersey (40.507, -74.265)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
a679297e

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Public signal of financial health

Description

Multiple contemporaneous articles (Oct 31–Nov 2, 1912) describe a two-day run begun by a foreign depositor/drunken man who spread a rumor the bank had closed. The bank paid out substantial sums but remained open and resumed normal business; confidence was restored by merchants depositing cash. Some reports give differing payout totals ($75k–$500k); I used primary dates Oct 31–Nov 1. Bank appears to be a state-chartered savings institution.

Events (1)

1. October 31, 1912 Run
Cause
Rumor Or Misinformation
Cause Details
Run was started when a foreign depositor (described as drunken/alien in some accounts) tried to withdraw after hours, was refused, then spread a report that the bank had closed, prompting other foreign depositors to swarm the bank.
Random Run
Yes
Random Run Snippet
foreigner spread rumor bank had closed; report unfounded
Measures
Business men and city leaders deposited large sums/show of cash; officials displayed cash and used correspondents to meet withdrawals.
Newspaper Excerpt
HAVE RUN ON SAVINGS BANK False Report Starts it--Institution Is Sound. Through an unaccountable rumor, a run was started at about 10 o'clock this morning on the Perth Amboy Savings Institution.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (10)

Article from Perth Amboy Evening News, October 31, 1912

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HAVE RUN ON SAVINGS BANK False Report Starts it--Institution Is Sound. Through an unaccountable rumor, a run was started at about 10 o'clock this morning on the Perth Amboy Savings Institution. Despite the assurance of the bank's officials, and the repeated show of large sums of money, the excited depositors clamored for their money all day. There are 7,000 depositors on the books, but many, of course, consider the bank as sound and will not heed the many rumors. The men and women who have drawn out their savings today are foreigners. It was reported this afternoon that the run on the institution was materially caused by a man from Keasbey, who arrived in this city shortly before 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, and endeavored to draw funds from the bank. Of course, he was refused, as the bank had closed at 3 o'clock for the day, as usual. The Keasbey man then went among his friends and spread the report that the bank had closed its doors. The run today is the result, it is believed. Officials of the bank do not deny that there (Continued on page 4.)


Article from Newark Evening Star and Newark Advertiser, October 31, 1912

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ANGRY MOB STORMS SAVINGS BANK AFTER RUMOR OF FAILURE In All-Night Wait Threaten to Wreck Institution at Perth Amboy When Doors Are Thrown Open-Detectives Swept Before Panic-Stricken Throng Trying to Calm Depositors. [From a Staff Correspondent.) street at Smith became jammed from sidewalk to sidewalk. PERTH AMBOY, Oct. 31.-HunFormer Judge Adrian Lyon had dreds of frantic foreigners besleged been sent to New York for currency the Perth Ambov Savings Institution, early in the morning. He brought at Smith and Rector streets, today. back a dress-suit case of bills and a A rumor that the bank had failed satchel of specie, which was smugspread from the foreign section like gled into the bank by a rear deor. wildfire. All night long an angry The directors of the institution mob had surged about the building. claim that it is absolutely sound. The police tried to clear the street, There was a run on the Middlesex but the depositors fought sullenly to County Bank, which occupied the maintain their place. same building, in July, 1898. In that When the doors were thrown open case, however, one of the employees, at 10 o'clock this morning, the rush George M. Valentine, had been robof men and women swept from their feet the detectives who had been bing it of large sums. hired for the day. One-third of the population here is foreign and runs have several times They seemed bent on wrecking a proved serious. Emil Smeth, the bank. The paying teller pleaded with them in their own language. He steamship ticket agent, who carried had a loaded revolver lying within on an illicit banking business, had a run on his office recently. He is easy reach. The police reserves charged into the now serving a long sentence in Trenton. swarm in the street outside, dragged The Morris Rossette banks, in New out the most unruly from the bank. and restored, for a time, some semYork, Jersey City, Jamestown, O.: blance of order. Wilkesbarre, Pa., and Perth Amboy. were thrown into bankruptcy a short Then the paying of deposits began. It went on very slowly, and the crowd time ago by a riotous run that started here. quickly became impatient. Rector


Article from The Evening World, November 1, 1912

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RUN CONTINUES ON PERTH AMBOY BANK. Foreigners Employed in the Factories Are Those Who Are Making the Trouble. The Perth Amboy Savings Institution at Perth Amboy, N. J., is undergoing a run to-day. From 8 o'clock this morning until late In the afternoon a line of 200 persons, growing at the far end as It dropped away at the bank end, crowded up to the paying teller's window bent on withdrawal of accounts. This is the second day of the run. About $70,000 was paid out yesterday. The bank has $150,000 in its own vaults and $850,000 more in the First National Bank of Perth Amboy, the Fidelity Trust Company of Newark and the Union Trust Company of New York. The deposits amount to about $1,400,000 and are amply protected according to the officers of the bank. The run was started by a foreigner who tried to withdraw his money after closing hours on Wednesday and was told to come back the next morning. He was back the next morning with about 100 friends and they have been coming ever since. Former Judge Adrian Lyon, President


Article from Perth Amboy Evening News, November 1, 1912

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Many People who Withdrew Money Replace It. RUN NEARS END Through the efforts of many prominent business men of the city, the run on the Perth AmInstitution was this and will be boy unexplainable Savings morning, probably checked to a close before the time at 3 o'clock closing brought this bank's after- formnoon. Over 100 business men line in front of the morning and o'clock ed in this bank nearly deposited at $2,- 11 sums ranging from $5 to 000. It is estimated that the bank received from the merchants about $5,000 in an hour; the business men's line rivalled the line of excited men and women who desire to withdraw their earnings. Many foreigners became reassured when the busines men formed in line carrying large sums of money in their hands. The run stopped on the instant and many big holes were made in the line, which contained the dissatisfied depositors, which was nearly a city block long early this morning. It formed at 2 o'clock this morning and did not lose its size is until the merchants appeared. It believed by the institution's officials who that many of the foreigners, will not be accommodated today, will realize their folly before tomorrow to morning and allow their deposits remain unmolested. Several men, who withdrew their savings early this morning, returned with the business men and reopened their accounts. the men whose faith in the reassured on bank Among was the appear- deof the business men was a the ance positor who had over $500 in bank; it was explained to him if that he would lose $10 in interest dehe withdrew his account. The man stand, to allow the account to and cided when he left the line he took siz other men with him. President Lyon's Statement. Lyon, president of the state- institution, Adrian issued the following I ment this morning to the At the time of the last public statement of the institution it had in bonds of the in first in Perth Amboy other and cash of property over $1,750,000, class, $615,000 $35,000 $695,000 property mortgages or $1,500,000. worth $167,000, very first worth over making a total of over due surplus over amounts It of to have increased amounts had depositors a $109,000. somewhat These since the last statement. How the rumor arose that the bank was not in sound condition is to discover. It those things that seems of impossible the seem earth. at one times to spring up' ut of It is more than likely that it arose of some statement from some bank out who had gone to the after person banking hours "that accounted the bank closed." It cannot be such for was on any other than some silly In ground. the last letter from the State Department under date of of 1912, giving the their examination, the October Banking 5, following result insti- paragraph appears: "I find this contution lawfully and prudently to ducted. Every transaction seems care. be carried out with the utmost all board of management and of officers The appear to give the affairs of atbank an unusual amount tention. the and there are no criticisms to We be made." are fully prepared to meet the all demands. We have behind us offtcordial assurances of the First very of our correspondents, the the National cers Bank of Perth Amboy, Union Trust Company of New York, of the Fidelity Trust Company and that we can have anything to we Newark, want in the way of ready cash meet all our needs. ADRIAN LYON, President. 2:30 o'clock this afternoon the At officials reported that $45,000 paid out today, of a $125,000 in the two bank had total been of making days there run. Late this afternoon line, the but thirty people in out awaiting were an opportunity to draw concentheir savings, and it is the will be of opinion that the bank at 9 able sus to resume regular business o'clock tomorrow morning. 3:15 o'clock President Lyon keep At that the bank would usual announced later this afternoon than and open closing time is 3 o'clock in line. -the the persons remaining announcement pay time of the stard At the but several people teller's there in were front of the paying window ing awaiting their turn. EVENING NEWS covers the field.


Article from Newark Evening Star and Newark Advertiser, November 1, 1912

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SHOW OF CASH MAY STOP RUN ON BANK Perth Amboy Men Deposit Money Faster Than It Is Paid Out. [Sepcial to the Newark Star.] PERTH AMBOY, Nov. 1.-With the aid of the business men of the city the officials of the Perth Amboy Savings Institution hope to stop the run on that institution before many hours. The run, which was started several days ago by the foreign element among the depositors, was continued when the bank opened this morning. It was estimated that before noon between $15,000 and $20,000 had been drawn out. The business men of the city have now lent themselves to a scheme by which they hope to restore confidence in the bank. While the foreigners with their bank books gathered in line on one side of the street this morning, prominent business men, with rolls of bills in their hands, gathered in line on the other. While the foreigners were withdrawing their money, they were depositing. Soon the depositing line was longer than the other. Many of the foreigners, waiting in line for several hours, after viewing the vast sums which the business men were depositing, withdrew from their places, leaving their deposits untouched. By this afternoon it is thought that the run will have been stopped. With full knowledge of the fact that they can obtain a half million of dollars at very short notice from their regular banking correspondents, the officials of the bank, a run on which was started several days ago, are not the least worried as to the Anal outcome. They insist that the bank is as sound as a gold dollar and say they are prepared to pay all depositors dollar for dollar. The run thus far, however, seems to be among only the foreign element. J. Lawrence Boggs, secretary of the Institution, and a. member of the board of managers, who is also an officer of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, in this city, today declared that the bank was solvent and has a surplus of $120,000. An examination by the examining committee on September 1, he said, showed this fact. A subsequent examination by the commissioner of banking found nothing that was not regular in the affairs of the institution, he said. He characterized the run as a foolish move on the part of the foreign element of the depositors, which could In no way injure the bank or its standing.


Article from Newark Evening Star and Newark Advertiser, November 1, 1912

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THE PANIC AT THE SAVINGS BANK. ITH thousands of small wage-earners among the depositors in a savings bank there are always some who W are ignorant, excitable and disposed to take fright about their deposits. Many panicky runs on banks have been caused by this class of people. The Perth Amboy Savings Institution is now undergoing an experience of the kind. An alien who had some money in the bank applied after bank hours to withdraw it, and, being unable to do so, spread an alarm among other aliens, who swarmed to the bank to demand their deposits. Yesterday nearly $100,000 was paid out, and the interest was sacrificed by the depositors. In all such vt.ses some among those who withdraw their savings lose their money by theft.


Article from New-York Tribune, November 2, 1912

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PAYS SCARED DEPOSITORS Perth Amboy Bank Victim of Drunken Hungarian. Perth Amboy, N. J., Nov. 1.-The run on the Perth Amboy Savings Institution, which began yesterday morning, continued to-day. A crowd of depositors began to gather as early as 6:30 o'clock, and by 8 o'clock there were two hundred in line. All were paid off as fast as possible after the bank opened. Former Judge Adrian Lyon, president of the bank, issued a statement that there was approximately $500,000 in cash ready for depositors, and that the total deposits imounted to $1,400,000. The president said that every depositor who wanted to withdraw money would be paid off without any trouble. The banking law of New


Article from Perth Amboy Evening News, November 2, 1912

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SAVINGS BANK RUN IS ENDED Conditions Normal at Institution Today and Money Is Being Redeposited. CONFIDENCE IS RESTORED $125,00 Paid Out Before Return Flow Started Had Plenty of Cash. The Perth Amboy Savings Institution resumed normal activities this morning after an unfounded run on the bank which lasted during the last two days, and caused the bank to pay out about $125,000 and lose several hundred depositors. When the institution opened at 9 o'clock this morning there were but a baker's dozen of people present to draw out their meagre savings. Their wants were quickly supplied, and one hour later the small line had disappeared. An official of the bank stated at noon today that many of the dissatisfied depositors had returned their savings to the care of the bank, thus indicating that the scare of yesterday was but the result of idle and unfounded rumor. According to officials of the institution, the depositors who drew out their money lost a neat sum of interest thereby. The bank gained what the depositors lost. Despite the urgings of the police and city offlcials during the two days of the run, the excited foreigners would not listen to reason, but appeared to be determined to draw out their savings at all cost. The business men who deposited money with the bank yesterday, to assure the crowd of dissatisfied depositors, have come in for warm praise from the bank offlcials, who concede that such action on the part of the merchants caused a stay in a small-sized panic.


Article from Daily Kennebec Journal, November 2, 1912

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SCARE CAUSES BANK RUN. Foreigners Swarm Around Doors and Get Their Money. Perth Amboy, N. J., Nov. 1.-As the result of a report started, Wednesday, by a foreigner who tried to draw some money after the bank had closed for the day and was refused the Perth Amboy Savings Institution experienced a severe run and paid out about $75,000 before 3 o'clock Thursday afternoon. The run started about 10 o'clock, Thursday morning, and the crowd soon grew SO large that the police were called. A line nearly two blocks long was formed and was still there when the bank closed for the day. The bank is perfectly sound, and will be able to stand the run. There are 7000 depositors on the books, and the deposits amount to more than $1,000,000. Most of the men and women who have drawn out their savings are foreigners. County Clerk Bernard M. Gannon deposited $2000 in the bank, Thursday afternoon, to prove his faith in it, and it is expected that confidence will be restored and the run stopped.


Article from Norwich Bulletin, November 4, 1912

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A Two Days' Run on the Perth Amboy Savings institution, started by a drunken depositor, forced the bank The officials to pay out $500,000. bank 18 sound.