14230. Merchants Bank (Passaic, NJ)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run → Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
state
Start Date
July 24, 1929
Location
Passaic, New Jersey (40.857, -74.128)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
5b042766

Response Measures

Full suspension, Books examined

Other: Receivers were appointed for the holding company; reopening planned under purchaser conditions.

Description

Merchants Bank in Passaic was one of three banks closed by the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance on July 24, 1929 after examiners found a large capital impairment and a drying up of deposits (loss of confidence) tied to inside manipulation revelations and related publicity (including the Elliott kidnapping). Crowds and depositors gathered at doors before/when the state took over, indicating a run/large withdrawals preceded the state suspension. Articles later report purchasers meeting commissioner's conditions and banks to reopen in September 1929. I corrected minor OCR issues (e.g., dates and names) but did not invent facts beyond what's supported in the articles.

Events (3)

1. July 24, 1929 Run
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Loss of confidence from revelations of inside financial manipulation, drastic write-downs of real estate values and the recent Elliott kidnapping publicity that accelerated withdrawals.
Measures
No specific emergency measures described for Merchants Bank beyond state examiners' involvement; the state department took control and posted notices on doors.
Newspaper Excerpt
crowds gathered... weeping women... depositors storm doors... loss of public confidence... slow run on the bank had been started
Source
newspapers
2. July 24, 1929 Suspension
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
State examiners discovered approximately $300,000 capital impairment from drastic write-ups and unsaleable assets; decision made to close/take over banks to conserve assets and protect depositors.
Newspaper Excerpt
the 'property and affairs' of the banks were taken over by the department; closed today by order of the state department of banking and insurance
Source
newspapers
3. September 1, 1929* Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
REOPEN PASSAIC BANKS IN SEPTEMBER... Indications ... that the Hobart Trust and the Merchants' which closed July 24 ... would be reopened some[time in September].
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (7)

Article from The Times, July 24, 1929

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THREE BANKS IN PASSAIC CLOSED (Continued from Page One) two weeks passed without result It quickly by Acting Passaic County, members the Davis islative that justice was not the before committee. to Vincent Barnitt. conferring at great length Frederick Burnett, counsel the Davis committee, planned Passaic County grand Friday evidence which, had been feared, might be outlawed by the statute limitJohn Mayor of Passaic, the Hobart Trust June its total sources and discounts capital undivided profits, time posits, demand deposits, It said the other two banks the Ho. bart Trust. under presidents. The New Jersey Company was organized August, and Weinberger, then was the Trust ComThe Hobart the Serthe first the holdwhich acquired banks Perth Amboy and attempts were buy in Atlantic City and investigation began less the poration the company and ended ago today. Later attempt throw company into its affairs Chancellor the of Stamler berger receivership Mayor declared the closing the banks him. "The bank the he recent examination the bank and still are making but the board directors of the Hobart report. the depositors protected action of the banking departwhile move protect both the depositors the stockholders have no criticism the move and hope for conference chief There has the cently Elliott kidnaping has caused age affected the standing of the institution "When became took the sell out to private terests deal almost conthe bank and what this of the bank will have Passaic may best be described "mill and much of its therefore foreign extraction The groups depositors before the banks, there the weeping women. Press) NEW July Smith. of Banking Insurance of New Jersey. said office today closing the Hobart Company, Merchants the discovery of the the capital the extent of "The chaotic," he "but we for the benefit the stockholders and depossalvage much possible declined whether banks would permanently his examiners, the supervision chief staff, making ther and that the department would collect start off depositors as possible. The attributed the impairment "drastic writeup estate" opinion which the banks Stocks and bonds per of the total assets were saleable, he The total assets of the banks approximately $5,000,000. the said. The decision to banks conference yesterday. Deputy Hugh Hilson and MarkMarkley charge the banks morning.


Article from The Record, July 24, 1929

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State Department Closes Three Passaic Banks After Discovery Of $300,000 Capital Impairment Banks Controlled By New Jersey Securities Company Taken Over in Entirety By Banking and Insurance Department - Weeping Women Depositors Storm Doors in Vain Drastic Write-up of Real Estate on Books Cause of Impairment, Commissioner Says in Explanation of Act. ACTION MAY HINGE ON LEGISLATIVE INQUIRY (By Associated Passaic, N. J., July 24. The doors of three banks controlled by the New Jersey Bankers' Securities company. holding concern, were closed today by the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance. They were the Hobart Trust company, the Service Trust company and the Merchants' bank. Employes arriving for work at the three banks this morning were sent home without explanation, and notices were posted on the doors of the institutions announcing that the "property and affairs' of the banks were taken over by the department. DEPOSITORS AT DOORS crowds of depositors, among gatherthe doors the word offered as The New last inquiry by the its attention bank of the president of the and the board Senator chairman of the Stamler set the declared the "The and board Hobart Trust the depositors drastic depositors the Elliott caused seepage The general formerly presi Hobart Trust company and held for he described KIDN APING CONNECTION. steadfastly his meant of Soon his his East board appointed and which began to passed quickly James to Prosecutor TO Friday undivided 34 other


Article from The Daily Record, July 24, 1929

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County Friday evidence which, outlawed the statute limitations. John Roegner, mayor of president the Hobart Trust Company The bank its statement of June listed its resources at Loans and were liabilities, capital stock, surplus profits time deposits and demand deposits said the other two banks operated branches the Hobart Trust, although under different names. They dents. The New Jersey Bankers Securities Company organized August, 1927, and who then president of the Service Trust was elected president. The stock the Hobart Trust Company and the Service Trust Company were the first ganizations incorporated the holding company, which quired banks in Newark, Perth Amboy other cities and made attempts buy institutions lantic City Jersey City. Mayor Roegner declared the closthe banks came to him. bank examiners of the he said, "made recent of the bank and still making but the board of directhe Hobart Trust have no report. far know, the deposiprotected. action of the banking partment, while drastic, may move protect both the depositors and stockholders. have criticism of the and hope for conference today with the chief examiner. There has been no run the bank, but recent publicity connection with the Elliott napping caused seepage and affected the standing of the institution. became president position out to private interests. The deal was almost consummated when the bank closed, don't know what fect this move of the bank examiwill have Passaic may best be described city, and much of its population therefore of foreign extraction. The groups of deposibefore the banks, however, orderly, demonstration, beyond the weeping the women. Calls Situation Chaotic New York, (Associated Smith, commissioner banking and of New Jersey, said his office here today that closing the Hobart Trust Trust Company and Merchants Bank Passaic decided upon discovery the impairment the institution's capital to the of situation will try work out for benefit of the stockholders and depositors and salvage much possible.' Smith declined say whether banks would be closed nently. He announced that aminers, under the supervision chief of the further examination today and that the department would "proceed collect and paying soon The attributed the impairment 'drastic which, in the of his examiners, was figures which carried the books bank. Stocks and bonds representing 32 per cent total were immediately saleable, said. The total assets of the three banks listed approximately $5,000,000, said. decision close the made conference Trenyesterday, Smith, Deputy Commissioner Hugh Markley. and charge of the banks this morn- Angle, "Complete Flop" Paterson, the "new Elliott kidnapping case which office had for past nights to "complete Acting Prosecutor James Dunn today announced subpoenas have been issued grand jury hearing Friday. The will be called both the kidnapping and the New Jersey Company Mr. Dunn added. The acting not sition this morning to state how of witnesses would actualheard Friday, explaining that the angles probed, the would most likeinto the following week. angle' which Dunn spent much time pertained the actual physical happing the Passaic banker. Dunn was impressed its portance Monday morning that promised an "important announcelater the He worked day. o'clock angle" and out again this morning.


Article from The Daily News, July 24, 1929

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Hobart, Merchants And Service Banks Are Closed (Continued from Page One) Securities Company. which was organized by Harry H. Weinberger, its deposed president, would be closed today. The banks were closed before the opening hour. and two police officers were stationed at every door. Word spread quickly, and crowds gathered, but the news was taken quietly, everyone seeming to realize that the action probably was for the best. No Other Passaic Banks Are Affected No other bank in Passaic in any way concerned in the situation. it was pointed out, and the Hobart has "dried up to such an extent, to use the phrase of Commissioner Smith. that relatively few persons are concerned. Weinberger Scandal Led To Present Situation The extent of this drying up process has been from the scandal, position the New Jersey Bankers and every with and the recent kidnsping of Willard H. then the Hobart's executive and resignation and that his the bank was responsible the act siolence combined hasten up process, that the past weeks Hodeposits have shrunk the extent of In statement Smith said that the of Hobart Service and the Merchants Bank decided upon of the covery the impairment of the institution's capital to the extent Commissioner Smith's Statement Commissioner Smith declined to say whether the banks would be closed under the supervision of Markley, chief of the staff, were making further today that the department would "proceed to collect and start paying depositors as soon as possible" The "drastic writeof real estate", which, in the opinion of his examiners, not worth the figures which carried on the banks Stocks bonds representing 32 per cent. of the total assets were Immesaleable, The total assets of the three banks were listed at approximately the The to close the banks was made conference in Trenyesterday. Chief Markley in charge of the banks today. President Statement Mayor president of the declared the closing the bank and its two came him. bank of the he "made examination the bank and still are making but the board of directors the Hobart Trust have received no report. far as depositors are protected. action of the banking while drastic, may be move to protect both the depositors and the criticism of the hope for today with the chief There has been run on the recent publicity with kidnaping has caused seepage and at. fected the standing the institution. president of the Hobart Trust Company wish to the assure depositors that there no cause for alarm and that they are amply protected have attended several conferences in an endeavor to place the in the hands very responsible within an to make that will prove very to the bank and its depositors, and of general satisfaction to our Resources Put At $7,901,689.39 The bank in its statement as of June listed its total resources Loans and counts were liabilities. capital surplus undivided profits deposits $3,852,060.34 nue demand deposits notices other two were operated as branches the them Trust, although under different They had no presidents for work three banks this morning were Soon home without gated notices were posted on the doors of the that the and affairs" the banks were taken over by the thew among them many weeping gathered the doors the but was offered them as, to reasons for the closing. Passaic Street Jammed Passaic Street, all the way from First to Third vicinity the Bank, lined all morning by men and weeping had hurried the scene immediately upon learning that the institution been Particularly in front of the bank was the crowd reaching the middle of Passaic Street Three police were on duty the Passaic and Second Streets traffic. Among the first arrive at the were of their bank books in who the entrance as to force open. Most of them unable the door, ting forth that the bank had been taken by the state authorities. When come along who could read he she was immediately by the mob and made to interpret its meaning. Shortly before noon the crowd grown such utterly impossible for vehictraffic to go through Passaic from First and beyond Third. except in second gear. At noon hour when several the Eastaide mills closed down for lunch hour, the Merchants Bank most the throng flocking to the instituout crowd paid more attention metropolitan newspaper taking pictures scenes than the bank. Scores of New York newspapermen came to Passaic this morning. Scene at The Hobart Employes and patrons were greeted the main office of the Hobart Company, Main Aveand Prospect Street, by the double revolving doors of the entrance, informing that order of State Department of Banking and Insurance bank property were the latter's hands. small crowd had congrefront of bank, while clerks and officers, detained in the bank, were peering out of the winOfficers Michael Blake and MatGetchius were detailed by Acting Chief De Groot maintain order at the entrance and these calm manner, informed men women that the "bank temporarily closed. not be One of the first at the Hobart entrance William Margolis, chairman of the Chamber of Commerce be held this Fall, expressed the hopes that the bank would not closed Treasurer William Walsh had made the Hobart depository for exposition funds. New Depositor Satisfied One man who just arrived Italy yesterday, that he had deposited $150 in yesterand passing the bank inquired what the crowd had congregated for. He calmed by the policeand then walked away apparently satisfied that everything would be all right. One refused to give her name tearfully informed the police her life savings the bank. She did not say how much the amount was Examiner Peer Arrives Shortly before 10 o'clock Bank Examiner Vernon Peer. had conducted inquiry into the Elliott kidnaping he had in conference with the latter two days before his mysterious arrived He showed his credentials was the admitted the bank by the policeman durthe morning. There was no excitement of any kind the Service branch the bank morning except called officials of that bank on the telephone


Article from The Republican, July 25, 1929

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JERSEY CLOSES PASSAIC BANKS FACING CRASH Forces Hobart Trust and 2 Subsidiaries With 5 Million Deposits to Suspend Passaic, N. J., July 25-The Hobart Trust company of Passaic and its two branch banks, the Service Trust company New Jersey and the Merchants bank of Passaic, which have combined deposits of more than $5,000,000 list of positors Into many thousands. were closed today by order of the state department of banking and insurance. This action followed the report of examiners that the bank had been running loss for months and that something like slow run on the bank had been started by public distrusti by the mysterious the former vicepresident. Willard Elliott, which was followed by vague rumors involvthe bank Bank examiners found that the loss of public confidence, originally greatly lation by the inside financial manipulation of the bank's affairs revealed by a legislative inquiry last year, was Tapidly "drying up" the bank, so that state was taken to conserve its assets. was asserted, however that the depositors probably would receive 100 per cent on the dollar. State Commissioner Frank H. Smith who ordered the bank and ts branches closed, said today that his examiners were mistic about the chances of paying dollar for dollar. The Passale clearing house issued this statement The clearing house met this morn. Ing and the that the depositors of the Hobart Trust company would be paid in full. There is no connection of the Hobart Trust company and Its branches with any other bank in the Passaic clearing Among the reasons for closing the bank the existence of unsecured notes of large amount and doubtful value and the sensational marking of the value of the real property of the bank Three years ago the bank valued its real property. used banking purposes, at only $10,000. Its value since then. but the present figure or $715,000 considered The assessed valuation of the today $236,300. of the bank own estimate Its Another of the bank's loss is said to be high


Article from The Courier-News, July 26, 1929

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Is Unable Elliott, III, To Appear Before Jury Passaic Banks Probing (Continued from Page One) Securities Company, which has controlling interest Hobart Trust, Merchants Bank and the Whatever agreement finally does result for taking over of the three banks, reported, They total $5,000,000 in the closed banks. Put In Receivers' Hands The New Jersey Bankers' Securiplaced in the hands of before called reorganize affairs the holding company after Harry Weinberger forced president, Nicholas Newark large banking interests. two appointed under joint for $25,000. Their appointment Solomon Bernstein, Newark furniture dealer owns shares securities' Bernstein declared the corporation by the "incompefirm's The appointment just minutes before the delegation ficials proposition bank's that the affairs the pany John Roegner, president the Hobart Trust and its termed place the curities firm in the hands ceivers, and stated that the bank was an important factor. Deny Rumor rumors that the People's Bank and Trust officials "dickerthe purchase the Hobart the rumor denied by the People's Smith declared terday that he of the opinion that depositors would dollar for dollar their deposits. Something of this view apparently shared by Harry Meyers, president of the Lincoln Trust Company Passaic, which announced that would lend depositors had savings in the banks closed per cent. the amounts shown in their pass books. Commissioner Smith stated that examination the bank's revealed acts negligence officers any impairment the capital $300,000, the of closing of the bank. United Senator president of the Jersey Securities Company, from Paris yesterday that he was the Trust Company its that that happen not sailed France. He stated that he postpone his trip Swiss he report of the will fore the Grand today, criticized methods employed Stamler he, Weinberger, been statement, which 2,000 length, Weinberdeclared that "politics" sponsible the troubles of the curities concern. accused wards on an agreement to free him from all future claims of settlement obligations the time of of Weinberger intimated that liott's kidnaping, which started slow on the Hobart bank and its may have been plotted same sought bank and depreciate its value.


Article from Press of Atlantic City, August 16, 1929

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REOPEN PASSAIC BANKS IN SEPTEMBER Hobart Trust Purchasers Meet Commissioner's Conditions PASSAIC, 15 Aug. (AP). Indications today were that the Trust Trust and the Merchants' which closed July 24 the banking and reopened some statement by the the 30,000 40,000 shares Hobart owned New Jersey Bankers' Securities showed they have meet, Frank Smith reopening the banks The share the temporarily receivers.