City National Bank & Trust Company (Miami, FL)

Episode Information

Episode UID
1286801538
Episode Type
Run Only
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
128680 national
Charter Number
12868
Start Date
February 4, 1928
Location
Miami, Florida (25.774, -80.194)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini (chosen from majority vote of a three-model LLM ensemble)
Short Digest
f30b8126b775d57c

Response Measures

Accommodated withdrawals, Borrowed from banks or large institutions, Fed/other loan, Public signal of financial health

Description

Articles describe a Miami-wide panic triggered by anonymous letters; this bank is not named directly so its exact actions are unclear.

Events (2)

1. January 5, 1926 Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2. February 4, 1928 Run
Cause
Rumor Or Misinformation
Cause Details
Anonymous letters circulated urging depositors to withdraw funds (letters signed 'Hiram'), prompting runs on multiple Miami banks.
Measures
Funds airlifted and sent by train to Miami banks to reassure depositors; messenger plane deliveries to restore confidence.
Newspaper Excerpt
anonymous letters written to depositors advising them to get their money out of the Southern; letters signed Hiram
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (4)

Article from Brooklyn Eagle, February 6, 1928

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Article Text

BLAMED Depositors Rush Miami First National and Trust as Others Close Doors. Miami, Fla., Feb. (4)-A determined the First National Bank began during the noon hour today following the failure three other Miami financial institutions to open for business today The bank's large lobby dated all who sought to gain admittance to The three that failed to open were the Southern Bank Trust Company, the Citizens and the Bank of Other large banks reported normal conditions. Officers of the First mingled with the crowd the lobby and not reached for Letter Causes Trouble. The Southern and pany requested its affairs pending following heavy deposits caused by circulation letters predicting its Mr. other institunot open that they were financial which might result to closing the Southern Bank and Trust Company In announcing that the Southern Bank and Trust Company suspended but reopen March said that "large for during the last few days caused by letters written advising them quietly get your money out of the Southern The he said. were signed drawn Masonic mailed Saturday Miami, but Mr. Lummus was to number accurately than there "more than dozen. The police are seeking trace the sender FLEE WITHOUT LOOT. The rays of flashlight Jacob store early today caught the eye of William Cook the bert precinct Entering. discovered parcel jewelry valued lying on the floor the shop. The thieves were gone.


Article from Sun-Journal, February 6, 1928

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Article Text

PLANE RUSHING CASH OFLORIDA BANK Fla., Feb. sent the National by the Fed. bank branch Jack. by airplane and train depositors who withdraw their funds officials the Miami stitution announced this afternoon after the bank growing out closing three in public statement that "large demands cash during the last days had been anonymous letters written to depositors and vising them money out the Letters Signed "Hiram" The letters, he said, were signed (Continued on Page Nine)


Article from The Buffalo News, February 7, 1928

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Article Text

BEING RUSHED BANKS $1,500,000 En Route There by Plane Relief of Tense Situation. MIAMI Fla Feb million in to relieve which veloped closed this morning Failure the Trust of the largest in open business caused runs on the Citizens Bank Miami and the Bank forcing them close was brought by to the First National Bank Miami Jacksonville branch Sixth National Bank Miami suffered slight runs the banks closed and the money being brought reassure positors president of the First National his institution had felt the situation no expecting another Tuesday morning. The had said and the two en will enable continue business president of the and Trust said letters attacking his bank had caused an expected on the which resulted failure open Ernest state took charge the Southern and Trust company Amos claimed failure open had caused on the bank and the Bank Allapattah which they not to withstand UP. LOCKPORT Feb -Stanley Reed, planned start see the that age, got was picked up the street Monday William Nugent and sent to his home.


Article from Passaic Daily Herald, February 9, 1928

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Article Text

HOW LOOSE TONGUES CAN DO UNTOLD DAMAGE THERE has been run on the Miami banks. One had suspended business, two others were closed temporarily, and fourth's suspension was averted by the receipt of funds by airplane messenger Tuesday. And all because some half-witted or malicious individual wrote number of anony mous letters. warning depositors to take their funds out of one of these banks. criminal in New Jersey to cause run on bank. A gossip, eaught his gossiping. and confronted by the damage be has caused, can held strict account. ing. good many years ago there was on one of and soundest of Pashappened this way: townsman, well known in his day for his ready wit, Dundee saloon on legal holiBank is closed. sign on the said his credulous auditors. Word apread. Word like that spreads like wildfire. By morning there throng at the barik doors, waiting for its opening. It took quick wit and to avert serious consequences. or course the bank had been closed the day before. It was legal holiday. That's why banks and bankers are very careful in all their public utterances. That's why newspapers are (or should be) fastidirualy careful in all that they print about banks. That's why bankers should be serupulously careful in all that they do with The public's in banks involved.