12010. First National Bank (Wilson, NC)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run → Suspension → Closure
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
2321
Charter Number
2321
Start Date
December 31, 1931
Location
Wilson, North Carolina (35.735, -77.931)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
0ed654b1

Response Measures

Full suspension

Other: Multiple local bank failures and runs in early January 1932; First National (Wilson) closed as part of local contagion.

Receivership Details

Date receivership started
1932-02-11
Date receivership terminated
1932-07-15

Description

Contemporary articles (Dec 31, 1931–Jan 4, 1932) report runs in Wilson following a run/close of the Planters Bank; the First National and Wilson Trust & Savings did not open for business and are listed among banks that closed. No article describes a reopening; therefore I classify this as run → suspension → closure. OCR in Article 1 is noisy; dates inferred from publication dates.

Events (6)

1. February 5, 1876 Chartered
Source
historical_nic
2. December 31, 1931 Run
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Runs in Wilson began after a run and close of the Planters Bank in the county, which triggered runs on neighboring banks including First National.
Measures
None reported in articles for First National; neighboring Branch's Bank brought large currency to satisfy depositors.
Newspaper Excerpt
At Wilson where the Bank failed open Tuesday, the First National and the Wilson and Savings did not open for business yesterday.
Source
newspapers
3. January 4, 1932 Suspension
Cause
Local Banks
Cause Details
Closure/suspension occurred amid county-wide runs triggered by failures/closures of other local banks (Planters Bank run and other regional failures).
Newspaper Excerpt
Chief among Wednesday's bank closings was the United Bank and Trust company of Greensboro... Two of the closed banks were located in Wilson, the First National and the Wilson Trust and Savings bank.
Source
newspapers
4. February 11, 1932 Receivership
Source
historical_nic
5. July 15, 1932 Restored To Solvency
Source
historical_nic
6. September 5, 1932 Voluntary Liquidation
Source
historical_nic

Newspaper Articles (3)

Article from The News and Observer, December 31, 1931

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Article Text

HAS CONFIDENCE IN STATE BANKS From Page One.) from the Federal Bank Charlotte up Branch in currency. It was followed by truck from the Federal Richmond, $1,000,000 rency. was also lion more on the way from New Burlington and Greensboro the North Carolina Bank and Trust was fortified by from vaults closed United Commissioner Hood dered $25,000 Burlington transferred and $100,000 This transfer of funds by the State Bank ng from has charge for normally routine speeded up The positors United Bank are secured against the North Bank put up for the was last night that who had been ill for more week, left his bed and Tuesday night. to his bed here and from Director Miller the Fifth district of the National Although not soliciting business fact pointing out that two per interest, the Post Office continued swell its Savings business yes terday, and local banks was not other cities where failures. Deposits of the United Bank branches totaled $5,660,120 Paul Garrett New president Travis, The talized with $520,325.75 surplus undivided profits. Staples, executive of the United. was closed for "best interest depositors. At Wilson where the Bank failed open Tuesday, the First National and the Wilson and Savings did not open for busi yesterday. Col. Bruton president of both institutions. The First at the time its last $1, 025,000 those the Wilson Trust and Savings, $860,000. Warren eashier the First National and Barnes the Trust and Savings. The Beaufort Banking and Trust bank Beaufort, did not notice signed by President Taylor and Cashier stating was closed due the the public the inability good pay their was possible that the bank would had deposits the time third quarter $317,057. small institution, the Planters' Bank Stantonsburg, reported deposits of was president. One county failed was the Bank of Ahoskie branch deposits of Hoggard, president. The Winton Trust deposits $295,000 which McGlohon dent, closed later in the day run. Bank of Chatham Siler City deposits $280,000 closed. Jenkins was president. The State of had deposit $11,000 the United Bank and Trust Co., of by of deposit of $6,000 the Reidsville the bank, tected by $25,000 State deposit of $1,000 the Beaufort Banking and Trust Co., protected by bonds and deposit of 000 in the First protected by $10,000 in State There were no State deposits in any other banks which closed yes. terday. Taylor, liquidating agent for the State said the affairs of the United Bank and Trust had placed the hands auditors of the and and Bank Darden, Roberts and assistant Carter and Company of Raleigh was placed charge the and Trust Company and auditor, charge the Chatham. Harry Bundy City placed the Bank Ahoskie the Trust Redford Durham, the Bank Stantonsburg and and Company Raleigh the Beaufort Banking Company. Death List Grows. The death toll stood at four today early the death yesterday Miss Irene Durst, Charleston, W. Va.


Article from The Robesonian, January 4, 1932

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Article Text

THERE'S NO SUBSTITUTE FOR HOOD ADVISES BANKERS TO INVOKE 30-DAY CLAUSE Full Confidence In Banks of North Carolina. (AP) P. ficod, state commissioner of banks. advised North Carolina bankers that necessary bank should not hesitate to invoke the clause in the interest of depositors. Hood, ill at his home here, telephoned his brief statement to Ra- THERE'S NO SUBSTITUTE FOR NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING leigh newspapers following receipt of reports that eight banks, with deposits approximating $8,869,000, had closed during the day Inst Wednesday in the state Meanwhile, at Greensboro, John M. Miller, Jr., of Richmond, directer the National Credit corporon for the fifth Federal Reserve district. said the corporation had full confidence in the banks of North Carolina and was prepared to 50 to the full length of its ability to protect them. Hood urged invoking of the 30day clause of the North Carolina banking statute, under which banks can refuse to pay savings accounts on demand. requiring depositors to give 30 days notice that they desire to withdraw their funds, to forestall "hysteria." Chief among Wednesday's bank closings was the United Bank and Trust company of Greensboro, with branches at Burlington, Sanford and Reidsville. W. Staples, executive vice president of the United, said there had been heavy withdrawais recently and loans upon which the bank was unable to realize. Two of the :losed banks were located in Wilson, the First Nationand the Wilson Trust and Savings bank. Other banks losed during the same day follow: Beaufort Eanking and Trust company of Beaufort; Planters bank of Stantonsburg; Bank of Ahoskie, with branch at Powellsville: Bank of Chatham, Siler City; Winton Bank and Trust company, Winton. THERE'S NO SUBSTITUTE NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING Three Jersey calves were purchased by county farmers from the Coastal Plain Branch Station cember.


Article from The Herald, January 6, 1932

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Article Text

MORE SOBER THINKING Wilson (N, C.) Times) We have been proud of our people and the way they have held themselves when all around us in other counties banks were failing, and other folks were losing their heads. Not single bank had failed in Wilson County up to Monday, when run on the Planters Bank caused close. Then our folks lost their heads and the runs started on the other banks, causing them, also, to close, with the exception of Branch's Bank, which was compelled to bring an enormous amount of currency into Wilson to satisfy the demands of its depositors. Now, that money those of you ed out of our banks, The Planters, The First National and the Wilson Trust and Savings Banks, which caused them to close? All them well managed and perfectly solvent, but bank cannot be of service to community if you compel to remain perfectly liquid state, require nothing but stocks and bonds as security. The great trouble with our country today is the fact that all this hysteria has compelled our bankers carry their resources in such shape that they can convert their securities into cash at moment's notice, rather than having our houses and lands as security. mortgage on land should be the best security the world, and we hope and trust that our farmers will turn their attention quality products, and thus raise the average price for tobacco and cotton, and raise their liv. and thus make our farms productive 80 they be of Those you have pulled your money the banks of and have hid where worth nothing to you anyone else, go your bankers and tell them that you regret that did Give them your hand in encouragement and ask them to reopen their banks. Unless you do, you will paralyze business and make matters worse, and sooner or later it will react on you. Let's think more getting good living out of and some other things besides worshipping of and the golden calf.