11242. First National Bank (Butte, MT)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Run → Suspension → Closure
Bank Type
national
Bank ID
2566
Charter Number
2566
Start Date
September 1, 1896*
Location
Butte, Montana (46.004, -112.535)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
a743bca1

Response Measures

Full suspension

Other: Receiver appointed; indictments for false entries and misapplication of funds reported months later

Description

Article (Sep 15, 1896) describes heavy withdrawals the day before a suspension/closing; subsequent December 1896 articles report indictments and that the bank is 'defunct' with a receiver (Edgerton). Sequence: run/large withdrawals -> bank closed/suspended -> permanent failure/receivership. Dates for the initial closing are given in September 1896 (article dated 1896-09-15). Receiver reported Dec 16, 1896. No specific misinformation trigger described, and indictments point to mismanagement/misapplication of funds.

Events (3)

1. September 1, 1896* Suspension
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Decision to close followed heavy drain of cash and failure of the bank's paper to clear; management judged reopening would provoke further runs given creditors' position and insolvency concerns.
Newspaper Excerpt
When it was decided to close, on recommendation of E. D. Edgerton... Had the bank opened it would have been for only a short time, and there would have been a run
Source
newspapers
2. September 14, 1896 Run
Cause
Bank Specific Adverse Info
Cause Details
Large depositors and correspondents drew heavily (drafts from the East); heavy withdrawals drained cash the day before suspension, indicating loss of confidence tied to bank distress and management problems.
Newspaper Excerpt
large depositors on the day preceding the suspension drained the bank of cash, and its paper failed to go through the clearing-house.
Source
newspapers
3. December 16, 1896 Receivership
Newspaper Excerpt
BUTTE'S COLLAPSED BANK. Four Indictments by the United States Grand Jury... against the defunct First National Bank officers... charging him with making false entries... and now receiver of the institution, charging him with making false entries ... E. D. Edgerton, manager and vice-president and now receiver of the institution, ... Both men were arrested on bench warrants.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (6)

Article from The San Francisco Call, September 15, 1896

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Article Text

large depositors on the day preceding the suspen- sion drained the bank of cash, and its paper failed to go through the clearing-house. This was gen- erally known, but a rumor was circulated that A. J. Davis of Butte, one of the large owners in the bank, had agreed to come to the rescue of the in- stitution with sufficient cash to tide it over its difficulties. When it was decided to close, on recommendation of E. D. Edgerton, two of the heaviest stockholders, S. T. Hauser, the president, and A. J. Davis, were not present. The drafts on the bank from the East have been par- ticularly heavy, and tate banks that kept their balances at the First National had been drawing on their accounts sharply, as have other depos- itors who carried large accounts. Mr. Edgerton thought that after September 1 there would be a slight cessation, but the contrary was the fact. Mr. Edgerton sa s that he was not apprehensive of any serious difficulty until the afternoon of the day preceding the actual closing of the institution, because he was in negotiation for funds which he thought he would secure, and these would have been sufficient to carry the bank through. Had the bank opened it would have been for only a short time, and there would have been a run, and those earliest would practically have become preferred creditors. The Indepen- dent says, concerning the deposits in the bank, that State Treasurer Wright had $188,604 91 in the concern when it cosed, but he is secured by an in- demnity bond from the bank to the amount of $600,000, which is signed as follows: S. T. Hauser, $125,600: E. D. Edgerton, $75,000: C. K. Cole, $50,000; James A. Talbot of Butte, $50.000; A. J. Davis of Butte, $50,000; Henry Kline, $50,000; John P. Murphy, $25,000; E. W. Beat- tie, $25,000; John C. Curtain, $25,000; A. J. Seligman, $25.000; George F. Cope, $25,000; J. B. Sanford, $25,000. One of the heaviest depositors is the Northern Pacific Railway, which, when the bank closed, had a balance of nearly $100,000 to its credit. A large sum had been withdrawn by this company but two days previously. The City Treasurer had $25,000 of the city's funds in the bauk, but he is also secured by an indemnity bond. There was no county money in the institu- tion. Mr. Edgerton says that with proper and judicious handing of the assets the bank will not only pay depositors in full, but will also pay a dividend to stockholders.


Article from The San Francisco Call, December 17, 1896

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Article Text

BUTTE'S COLLAPSED BANK. Four Indictments by the United States Grand Jury. BUTTE, MONT., Dec. 16.-The United States Grand Jury at Helena has returned four indictments against the defunct First National Bank officers growing out of the recent sensational failure. Two indictments are against E. D. Edgerton, manager and vice-president and now receiver of the institution, charging him with making false entries to the Comptroller of the Currency relative to amounts alleged to be due from other banks, misapplying funds and making unlawful payments with bank funds. The other indicuments are jointly against Edgerton and George H. Hill, assistant cashier. Both men were arrested on bench warrants.


Article from The Record-Union, December 17, 1896

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Article Text

BANK OFFICIALS ARRESTED. Indicted by the Grand Jury for Mak= ing False Entries. BUTTE (Mont.), Dec. 16.-The United States Grand Jury at Helena this morning returned. four indictments against officers of the defunct First National Bank, growing out of the recent sensational failure. Two indictments are against E. D. Edgerton, Manager and Vice-President, and now receiver of the institution, charging him with making false entries to the Comptroller of the Currency relative to amounts alleged to be due from other banks, misapplying funds and making unlawful payments with bank funds. The other indictments are jointly against Edgerton and George H. Hill, Assistant Cashier. Both men were arrested on bench warrants.


Article from The Enterprise, December 23, 1896

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Article Text

Serious Charges Against Bankers. BUTTE, Mont., Dec. 17.-The grand jury at Helena returned four indi tments yesterday against officers of the defunct First national bank, growing out of the recent failure. Two indictments are against E. D. Edgerton, former manager and vice president, and now receiver of the institution, charging him with making false returns to the comptroller of the currency relative to amounts alleged to be due from other banks, misapplying funds and making unlawful payments with bank funds. The other indictments are jointly against Edgerton and George H. Hill, assistant cashier. Both men were arrested.


Article from Iron County Register, December 24, 1896

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Article Text

BANK OFFICIALS INDICTED. Serious Charges Against filcers of the Defunct First National Bank of Butte, Mont. BUTTE, Mont., Dec. 17. The United States grand jury at Helema yesterday morning returned four indictments against officers of the de funct First national bank, growing out of the recent sensational failure. Two indictments are against E. D. E gerton, former manager and vice-p resident, and now receiver of the insti tution, charging him with making fa ilse entries to the comptroller of the currency, relative to amounts allo wed to be due from other banks, misa pplying funds and making unlawful pa ayments with bank funds. The other indictments à are jointly against Edgerton and Geor) re H. Hill, arwere assistant cashier. Both men rested on bench warrants. 1 The indictments were not unexpect ed, but the grand jury's report on th e bad a management of the bank creat sd sensation.


Article from The Cape Girardeau Democrat, December 26, 1896

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Article Text

BANK OFFICIALS INDICTED. Serious Charges Against Officers of the Defunct First National Bank of Butte, Mont. BUTTE, Mont., Dec. 17.-The - United States grand jury at Helena yesterday morning returned four indictments against officers of the defunct First national bank, growing out of the recent sensational failure. Two.indietments are against E. D. Elgerton. former manager and vice-president, and now receiver of the institution, charging him with making false entries to the comptroller of the currency, relative to amounts allowed to be due from other banks, misapplying funds and making unlawful payments with bank funds. The other indictments are jointly against Edgerton and George H. Hill, assistant cashier. Both men were arrested on bench warrants. The indictments were not unexpected, but the grand jury's report on the bad management of the bank created a sensation.