11079. Agricultural Bank (Natchez, MS)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
state
Start Date
May 4, 1837
Location
Natchez, Mississippi (31.560, -91.403)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
a49735ea

Response Measures

None

Description

Multiple contemporary articles (May–June 1837) report the Agricultural Bank of Natchez suspended specie payments (referred to as a 'deposite' or 'Pet' bank). No article explicitly describes a depositor run at this bank; coverage discusses suspension, government drafts, and later liquidation/accounting matters. There is evidence the bank later participated in federal bond arrangements (Oct. act mentioned), suggesting it sought relief rather than immediate permanent receivership. Closure/receivership is not explicitly stated in these clippings, so I classify as a suspension with eventual reopening/relief rather than an unequivocal permanent closure.

Events (1)

1. May 4, 1837 Suspension
Cause
Correspondent
Cause Details
Suspension associated with large Treasury drafts and government withdrawals (reports note a Treasury draft of $140,000 and government drafts prompting suspension). General pressure in state banking ('Pet banks') and inability to meet specie demands from government correspondents led to suspension of specie payments in early May 1837. (Contemporary reports cite a Treasury draft and government deposits as immediate triggers.)
Newspaper Excerpt
The Agricultural Bank of Natchez ... suspended specie payments on the 4th inst.
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (8)

Article from Southern Telegraph, May 9, 1837

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

We notice in the list Natchez Free Trader, the failure (or perhaps, to use a milder phrase, the suspension of payment) of the Planter's and Agricultural Banks of that city, Almost every mail brings papers filled with notices of the pressure in our State; and it is difficult to form a conclusion as to the probable result of the present prevailing distress. While on this subject, we cannot but be somewhat astonished at the disposition of a few who have in their possession the staple commodides of Southern market, (androw at outhan ing,) to put thribble prices on their produce at a time when the utmost. leniency should be shown to planters and'others, who are now suffering under the pecuniary embarrassments which prevail to an alarming extent, at the the present time, in our town and vicinity; and we do sincerely hope that the system of exorbitancy heretofure attempted to be earried on, will, as far as possible, be discountenanced by every man who has the welfare of his country at heart.


Article from Cheraw Gazette, May 17, 1837

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

We learn from a slip by the express mail from the New Orleans Bulletin of the 8th, that the Agricultural Bank of Natchez and the Planters Bank of Mississippi, have suspended specie payment. The same paper states that they are both deposite Banks, and that one of them has suffered a Government draught of $140, 000 to be protested.


Article from South Branch Intelligencer, May 20, 1837

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

From the National Intelligencer, of May 17. By the Express Mail of yesterday we learn that the Planters' Bank of Mississippi at Natchez, and the Agricultural Bank at the same place, suspended specie payment about two weeks ago. The first suspension of the former (a heavy deposite Bank) was upon a Treasury Draft. From our correspondentat Mobile we learn, under date of May 11, that at a public meeting of citizens, held the preceding day, it was recommended to the several Banks in that city to suspend at once specie payment, until circumstances shall otherwise direct. From these accounts it appears that the suspension of specie payments BEGAN in the South, and first with the Deposite Bank at Natchez. 07- All the Banks in the District of Columbia have suspended specie payments.


Article from Virginia Free Press, June 1, 1837

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

It is a fact that should be borne in mind by those better currency" people who find fault with the banks for suspending specie payments, that the Pet banks, in the Van Burea State of Missssippi, were the first to adopt this measure. The Agricultural Bank of Natchez, and the Planters' Bank of Natchez, both deposite Backs, suspended specie payments on the 4th inst.-se ing six days earlier than the measure war adopted by the banks in N. York. (Belt Pet.


Article from Vermont Watchman and State Journal, June 6, 1837

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

The New York merchants commend the following to the creature of the Globe It seems that the Planter's Bank of Mississippi, at Natchez and the Agricultural Bank at the same place, suspended specie payments about two weeks ago. The first suspension of the former (a heavy depositie Bank) was upon a Treasury draft. From this it appears (says the National Intelligencer) that the suspension of specie payments began in the South, and the first when the Deposite Bank at Natchez.


Article from Lynchburg Virginian, June 29, 1837

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

From the Nor York Express. From Arkansas we learn that that portion of the surplus money which fell to the state of Arkansas. has been lost to the State, in consequence of the inexcusable conduct of the State Treasurer. He had, If is said, drafts ofthe amount of 1. 130.000 upon the Agricultural Bank of Mississippi at Natchez. He proceeded to Natchez-found the Pet Bank "hard -and was induced, to give the Bank time IIIItil July next, to pay the drafts in specie, which was wanted to set the new State Bank in operation. 11. returned home, and had hardly reached there before Again the news of the suspension came upon him. he started for Xatchez, although the Bank was not bound to pay him. by contract. until July, and " lien he arrived there no arrangement could be made. In this state of case, Mr. Woodruff started for Washington. to law his grievances before the Kitchen CabInct. Another letter from Arkansas states. that the disbursing officers in that quarter had at least $200,000 of Mississippi money on hand. which were intended to defray government expenses.


Article from The Madisonian, December 14, 1837

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

# DESTRUCTIVE MISREPRESENTATIONS. A paper published at Worcester, Mass., devoted to the principles of the Destructive asserts "The losses of the people's money by the Pet Banks, during the three years of their connection with the government, have been in all probability, millions upon millions. Take the case of the Agricultural Bank at Natchez, the first bank that suspended specie payments. It had inflated itself to such an extent that its liabilities amounted to ten times its resources to meet them; and when it failed it owed the government $1,100,000, money deposited " Now, we venture to assert that not one dollar will be lost to the government by its connection with the State Banks during the last four years; not even ultimately by the Agricultural Bank referred to; as unwisely and injudiciously as the system was managed in our opinion, after the passage of the act of June, 1836, in the selection of new banks and in many other respects, by the Department on which that duty devolved. It must be a poor cause which requires a resort to misrepresentations to sustain it.


Article from The Rhode-Island Republican, May 16, 1838

Click image to open full size in new tab

Article Text

$32,126,058 the Total, ova made to the House of dated 26th appears ber resentatives, By report March, it Repof these eighty-eight banks, forty-six ssthe entire ase them. That of enhad that, discharged twenty-eight others, balances due of the them. from e-1in twenty 88had that date been drawn the by the (abalances tire balances at owing remaining remaining for, eight, and m. half H million as appears by a report to the 29th March,) were arfor the public made bout available service, considered and subnject to draft." '8The following banks have availed themhe selves of the act of the 12th of October last, d by giving bond with the requisite security ay $24,870 Buffalo, N. Y. Commercial Bank, to 781,316 Natchez, Miss. Agricultural Bank, Union Bank, 87,519 Nashville, Tenn. e 529,820 Louisvilla, Ky. Bank of Kentucky, 12,935 Bank of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio, 489,039 Detroit, Miche Bank of Michigan, of The following have claimed the benefit of the act of the 12th of October, " and bonds have been sent to them, which are, it is supposed, in the process of execution." $853,891 Branch Bank of Ala. Mobile, Ala. 864,409 Natchez, Miss. Planters' Bank, 10,304 Planters' Bank, Nashville, Ten. Franklin Bank, Cincinnati, Ohio, 328,924 377,762 Indiana, State Bank of Ind. 243,930 Farmers' & Mee. Bank, Detroit, Mich. The following banks have been sued: $39,636 Boston, Commonwealth Bank, do. Franklin Bank, 16,800 the same the several of the banks still " lil that, In report, Secretary held balan. states credit of officers," were in the course of paid out time to time, as which ces from at the disbursing needed." being is the history of the much abused banks. Of which held at the deposite This they period thirty-two of suspension, millions about them about a been twenty-seven by millions four have and already of half beand in the progress secured under the act Conand about fifty doling millions already gress, amply only thousand $16,800 of in suit. Of this sum, bank selected in 1836, under stances as elicited in in lars a placed lately the investiga- circumtions Boston, of not a very reputable and the entire to have been character, other at appears balance placed due there from 1st of October last, as at reported the bank to overto the amount of since the the Secretary the $2,600 therefore, that be date if shall be ultimately these common justice drawn of any thing banks, lost could by either hardly it to defect in the system. it is shown by the of e the own report, all Thus, attribute Treasury's that Secretary after the which has been not one will be lost by the banks, by the last mentioned dollar outery -Madisonian. made, unless inserted the above at the request of respected subscriber, we Having highly which would apoffer a few comments upon it, in pi pear to us necessary to place the subject in M its true position. [E: The above statement has reference solely to the liquidation of the debts due to the Government by the late Deposite Banks, and we are happy to perceive that a sum is considered liable to be ullost. That this is timately 60 small favorable eareful result manner mainly owing to the in which the government funds have been withdrawn from some of the Banks, and We time allowed to others in which to pay, we presume will not be denied. But the attempt to draw from the circumstances of cop the ultimate liquidation of all the governriot in the banks, an argument renewal of the ment in favor deposites of a connection beand them and the government, does not iss the at issue peoap tween meet question before the they The plain facts of the case, as par to us, are these-the ticl appear ple. government its equivadeposited in the bank specie or not lent, with the express stipulation of its repayment, when called for, in the same medium.-The banks suspended specie payments, and refused to pay the government er and other creditors, in any thing but irreto deemablepaper.-The governmentis bound the laws to offer nothing in payment to its but specie or its by creditors equivalent, banks, was and by this act of its agents, the tion thus rendered almost totally unable to comcon the ply with the requisitions of the laws; but drafts were as usual given on many of the full deposite banks, and the government creditor had the option of receiving depreciated bank paper in payment, or of protesting tha is draft, and waiting an uncertain period to his dues from the government, Most of these obtain legal currency. creditors in the preferred the first course, and in this way Me many of the deposite banks paid all their Ne debts to the government, while others have been unable even so to pay, and, on the the recommendation of the President, have been allowed several months to meet the demands ped of the Government upon them. We have thus briefly stated the facts, and So it remains for the people to decide if a syscou tem, which has brought discredit and emparrassment on the Government, and loss Ch the public creditor, is worthy of renewal fort even if no loss is ultimately sustained by the Government from its connection with tain he banks. the the the A water spout passed over Sullivan's