10775. Merchants Bank (St Louis, MO)

Bank Information

Episode Type
Suspension → Reopening
Bank Type
state
Start Date
October 26, 1857
Location
St Louis, Missouri (38.627, -90.198)

Metadata

Model
gpt-5-mini
Short Digest
d866cfa5

Response Measures

None

Description

Multiple newspapers report Merchants' Bank suspended specie payments on Oct 26, 1857 (panic of 1857). Later report (May 1858) states the Merchants' Bank decided to resume specie payments (resumption planned for the coming Saturday). No explicit run on depositors is described in the articles; the suspension appears driven by broad monetary/stringency effects (national financial panic).

Events (2)

1. October 26, 1857 Suspension
Cause
Macro News
Cause Details
Suspension occurred during broad monetary stringency and the Panic of 1857; articles mention general money-market tightness and numerous failures elsewhere leading to suspension of specie payments.
Newspaper Excerpt
The Bank of the State of Missouri, the Merchants' Bank and the Southern Bank suspended this morning.
Source
newspapers
2. May 22, 1858 Reopening
Newspaper Excerpt
the Merchants' Bank of this city ... has concluded to resume specie payments on Saturday next (reported May 20, 1858, referencing May 12 notice). The May 20 article says resumption will occur 'on Saturday next.' The date given here is the Saturday following the May 20 article (May 22, 1858). Note: source phrasing ties resumption to mid-May 1858. Resumption of specie payment is explicitly stated in the clipping.)
Source
newspapers

Newspaper Articles (12)

Article from New Orleans Daily Crescent, September 12, 1857

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Article Text

From St. Louis we have the following of the 3d inst : The present stringency of the money market is greater than has been known in the city for several years. Matters were exceedingly tight this morning, but eased up a little after dinner. The embarrassment and failures in the East, though they have entailed no direct losses here, have produced a very unusual contraction in our money lending institutions, and great sacrifices have been made by those in pressing need, to the exorbitant demands of sharpers on the street. We learn that quantities of first class paper have been negotiated at 2½@3 per cent. per month. The demand is not confined to any one class, but exists in all departments of business. The usual accommodations from the regular houses to their customers, have been cut off to a great degree, the institutions holding in their horns very cautionsly, and some think very properly too. It may be, how ever, that the banks while strengthening themselves will unnecessarily weaken and embarrass their customers. It is well that the former should fortify themselves; but we do not think there is any good reason for an undue contraction. The effect of the numerous failures in this city has not been very serious, but has caused much inconvenience by interrupting the regular routine of business, and causing the banks and private bankers, through prudential motives, to curtail their discount line, and suspend their usual facilities to their customers, which has occasioned an extremely tight money market, that is likely to be felt for some days to come. Money has been in active demand. and a large amount of good and first class paper has been offered on the street, and the rates have ranged from 2@3 per cent. per month discount. The usual business is being done in sight exchange on the Eastern cities at previous rates, but time bills are not saleable. Sight exchange on New Orleans is purchased at 3/4 per cent. discount. Currency, especially Ilfinois and Wisconsin, is in large supply and difficult to dispose of, as the private bankers will only receive or purchase it from their regular customers. The Merchants' Bank of this city went into operation last Monday. Our market for all kinds of produce is considerably affected by the searcity of money, and prices of hemp, tobacco, breadstuffs, etc., are more or less depressed thereby, but the present stringency in the market, it is hoped, will soon give place to an easier state of things. Sight drafts on New York. bought at par, sold at 1½ prem. ; on New Orleans bought at 3/4 discount, sold at ½ discount. Time paper thus New Orleans 30 days, 3/4 discount and interest New Orleans 60 days, 14 discount and interest New Orleans 90 days, 13/4 discount and interest. Currency in large supply-Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana being received at % discount, and Wisconsin and Tennessee at 2@2/1/2 discount.


Article from Worcester Daily Spy, October 27, 1857

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Article Text

More Bank Suspensions. ST. LOUIS, Oct. 26.-The bank of the State of Missouri, Merchants' Bank, and Southern Bank, suspended this morning. The Mechanics' is still firm.


Article from The Evansville Daily Journal, October 27, 1857

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Article Text

Financial. ST. LOUIS, Oct 26-P M The STATE BANK, MERCHANTS' BANK, and SOUTHERN BANK Suspended this morning. NEW YORK, Oct 26-p M The Bank Statements of the week show an increase of specie $2,568,000; decrease of loan $1,652,000; decrease of circulation $1,202,000; increase of deposits $4,635,000. CINCINNATI, Oct 26-p M Missouri paper will continue to be taken, notwithstanding the suspension. Exchange on New York nominally the same. Rusiness moderately good.


Article from Wheeling Daily Intelligencer, October 27, 1857

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Article Text

BANKING MATTERS. CINCINNATI, Oct. 26.-The notes of Jas. Robbs Bank, Union Bank and Bank of New Orleans were thrown out to-day. The Missouri paper will continue to be taken, notwithstanding their suspension. Exchange on New York nominally the same. Sr. LOUIS, Oct. 26.-The Bank of Missouri, Merchants Bank and Southern Bank suspended this morning. The Mechanics Bank is still firm. NEW YORK, Oct. 25.-The statement of the Banks ofthis city, for the week past, shows an increase of specie of $2,568,000. Decrease of loans, $1,652,000. Decrease in circulation, $1,202,000, Increase of deposits, $4,635,000.


Article from New-York Daily Tribune, October 27, 1857

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Article Text

Three of the St. Louis banks-the Merchants', the Southern, and the Back of the State of Missouri-surpended specie payments yesterday. The Mechanics' Bank is still firm. We have no particulars of the run, if run there was, upon them; but the result could not have been unexpected, since the last Bank Statement showed that there bad been a great depletion of coin, and the aspect of monetary affairs in the city was at our latest accounts very gloomy. Business is dull everywhere, and the market stringent, but there is no great change to remark in other cities or here. It is estimated that there have been 952 failures in the United States since the let of August, of which 448 were in New York, and that the total liabilities of the whole number were $90,000,000. Stecks in the course of yesterday exhibited a rlight ceclize. Fre ghts and foreign exchange were somewhat better.


Article from The Washington Union, October 28, 1857

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Article Text

A despatch from St. Louis dated the 26th says: The Bank of the State of Missouri, the Merchants' Bank, and the Southern Bank suspended specie payments to-day. The Mechanics' Bank still continues firm. Ciannox


Article from Daily Iowa State Democrat, October 28, 1857

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Article Text

SUSPENSION OF BANKS IN BT. LOUISState Bank cf Missouri Gone. St. Louis, Oct. 26. Bank the State of Missouri, Merohants Bank, and Southern Bank suspended this 8. m. Mechanics' still firm.


Article from The Davenport Daily Gazette, October 28, 1857

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Article Text

Sucpeneium of Banks ⑉ Sc. Louis. Sr. Lovis, Oct 26 Bank of the State of Missouri, Merchants Bank, and Southern Bank suspended this A M. Mechanics' still firm.


Article from The Weekly North Iowa Times, October 28, 1857

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Article Text

LAT EST. The Baltic with dates from Liverpool, reachel N. Y. 26 h. The India news is more fa orable. Cawnpore is holding out gallantly. The rebels were defeated in several battles. Prioles3, the American mare beat Elkh rn and Queen Bess by a length and a half. On the 1st trial the result wasa deadheat. The S cond race Prioress won the money $10,000, amid great rejoicing. Locompte is dead. Great money pressure in London, Dublin and Vienna. The Baltic bring S $73,000 sterling, and 160 passen ers. The Red Jacket from Australia reac' So tham ton with 70,000 ounces of gold. Liver ool market dull and clining.Rate of discount in Bank of England 7 per cent. The Chicago market is still dull-wheat at 65 to 70 for spring and winter. The Bank of Missouri, Merchants Bank and Southern Bank at St. Louis, suspended Oct. 26th. Mechanics Bank still firm. Se ere gale on the Lakes, much property destroyed. A fire at Port Stanly C. W. on the 26 h, destroyed the steamer Free Trader, Schooner Buchanan, with several valuable war houses. Aug. 30 h Kimball of Salt Lake made a speech announcing the determinatic n of the Mormons to resist the U.S. Troo sto the death. Women and children are called on to arm themselves. Sr. LOUIR, Oct. 26. A protest, signed by several prominent citizens of Kansas, was filed on the 15th, against fraudulent returns of the Oxford precinct, Johnson county, in re. to which, after personal investigation, Walker and Stanion ublished a proclamation in the Horald of Freedom of 20th, expressing the determinati n to reject the entire vote of Oxford, and give certificates to the free state candidates. The prodamation produced intense excitement among the extreme P o-slavery men. Threats of vengeance were made against the Gov. and Secretary. On the 19th a protest was made against the assembling of the Constitutional Convention at Lawrence.


Article from The Day Book, October 28, 1857

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Article Text

St. Louis Banks Suspensions. ST. LOUIS, Oct. 26,-The Bank of the State of Missouri, the Merchants' Bank and the Southern bank suspended specie payments to-day. The Mechanics' Bank still continues firn.


Article from Glasgow Weekly Times, November 12, 1857

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The Bank-Relief Bill, as it Passed, the Vote on its final Passage. LOV NV For the Relief of the Bank of the State Missouri. and other Banks. WHEREAS, By a general and ted cedented demand for gold and silver coin, unexped and in the past history of the country entirely beyond the wants of commerce the Bank of the State of Missouri, in the mon with the oldest and strongest banks Union, has been compelled to suspen specie payments; therefore, Be it enacted by the General Assembly of State of Missouri, as follows: SECTION 1. All provisons of an act tled an act to regulate Banks and Bankin Institutions, and to create the office of Commissioner, approved March 2d, 1857 which subjects the said Bank to any penal of ty, by way of forfeiture of charter, becaus a failure to pay the liabilities of Bank, in specie, on presentation; and provisions of said Act which authorize and direct any proceeding to be commence prosecuted against said Bank, or which officer authorize or direct any proceedings by against said Bank, because of be suspension of specie payments by the til and the same are hereby suspended, time the 1st of November, 1858, or until of within said period as, in the judgmen with the Board of Directors of said Bank Bank the consent and concurrence of safe Commissioner, it may be prudent named to resume; and if, on or before the as aforesaid, the said Bank shall ly resume the payment of all its debts, the liabilities, with gold and silver coin, the fits said Bank shall have all the rights, and and advantages granted by its charter and may proceed to exercise the franchise privileges granted by the said act, shall be exempt from the penalty of forfei ture, ments as had if no taken place. suspension of specie SEC. 2. No person receiving or takin from the Bank after the passage of this ; any note or bill of said Bank issued for a the culation, shall be entitled to receive thereo amount of interest prescribed by is ninth section of said act, or any interes whatever, in consequence of the suspensio herein named. IV 4 SEC. 3. So much of the thirty-sevent section of the first article of said act, as quires that the amount of gold and silver hand of said Bank shall not be less tha 72 thirty-three and a third per cent. of p notes in circulation. and so much of section as directs the commencement of ceedings against said Bank because of be failure to have such amount of coin on hand and the same is hereby suspended in 1858. operations until the 1st day of November at pa SEC. 4. The forty-third section of in first article of said act is hereby so modifie its operation, until the 1st day of Novem p ber, in the year 1858, as to permit all Banks chartered under said act, in pu ua State, during the period aforesaid to take payment of debts, or receive on deposit pa notes of the Banks of this State. to au SEC. 5. During the period of suspensio 114 of said Banks, the Board of Directors, 114 order to afford relief to debtors, shall of debs jo perment Jo thin the exteed 10 ua them, upon the payment by said debtors na $9: twenty-five per cent. of the amount III by them, at each renewal or extension -0a Provided, said debtors shall fully sa: and the ultimate payment thereon; and upon be, future discounts of the Bank, it shall be "uc duty least of the Board to require in payment five per cent of the same in coin, which -p the shall be kept as a specie reserve to 4, early resumption of specie payment. Sxc. 6. The Bank Commissioners -u hereby required not to countersign, regist ba or deliver to the said Bank any addition ... amount of notes for circulation. beyond tho he already delivered, until the said Bank 10 fully resume specie payments. he SEC. 7. So much of the 25th section ir, the first article of said act as requires ial ment of the whole amount of stock he scribed to said Bank, to be paid with -Ja twelve months from the time of subscribin ore is hereby suspended in its operation the the first day of November, 1858, -ST SEC. 8. The provisions of this act 1sa in every respect apply to the Souther II! Bank of St. Louis, and also to the sit chants' Bank of St. Louis, the Farmer -B.1 Bank of Missouri, and the Mechanic its the Bank 1st of day St. of Louis, November should it 1858 suspend before


Article from Nashville Union and American, May 20, 1858

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RESUMPTION OF SPECIE PAYMENT.-We clip the following paragraph from the St. Louis Democrat of the 12th inst: "We are grat.fied to learn that the Merchants' Bank of this city, considering it of no further pleasure or profit to remain in a state of suspension, has concluded to resume specie payments on Saturday next We understand this bank has been prepared for this movement for sometime, but has hesitated about taking the step, in consequence of the fears or persuasions of some of her sister banks. "All the banks will undoubtedly follow suit immediately, and St. Louis, cleansed from the stain of dishonor, will take her stand once more, with her former fair name and credit, among the cities of the Union." When will Tennessee "cleanse" herself from the "stain of dishonor" and take her stand with a "fair name and credit" among the other States of the Union? Echo answers, when ?-Memphis Appeal.